Avaliação das inclinações dentárias obtidas pela técnica Straight-Wire Prescrição Capelozza Classe II.

Ao criar a técnica para tratamento ortodôntico denominado Straight-Wire, Andrews introduziu o uso de bráquetes pré-programados, ou bráquetes construídos individualmente para cada dente, com o objetivo de melhor posicioná-los ao final do tratamento. Capelozza Filho sugeriu novas angulações e inclinações para dentes que necessitavam de ajuste ao final do tratamento, criando prescrições para os diferentes padrões faciais. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar as alterações nas inclinações dentárias causadas pelo tratamento ortodôntico nos dentes anteriores utilizando-se da prescrição Capelozza Classe II. Foram selecionados 17 indivíduos adultos de padrão facial II, portadores de má-oclusão Classe II; para tratamento ortodôntico compensatório, e em três tempos clínicos, relativos a três diferentes fios ortodônticos (.020 ; .019 x .025 , .021 x .025 ), foram realizados exames de tomografia computadorizada volumétrica, para mensuração e posterior avaliação das inclinações dentárias alcançadas em cada um dos tempos, pela ação de cada um dos fios, comparando-se estes valores aos da prescrição utilizada, bem como das diferenças ocorridas entre os tempos. Após a coleta de dados e aplicação dos testes estatísticos, concluiu-se que existe diferença estatística (p<0,05) na maioria dos valores da prescrição e os valores encontrados em cada um dos tempos avaliados; não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes quando comparados os tempos estudados. Observou-se também uma tendência dos dentes a expressarem a prescrição apenas em T3.

COMPARAÇÃO DO ATRITO IN VITRO EM BRAQUETES ESTÉTICOS CONVENCIONAIS E AUTOLIGADOS

O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em comparar in vitro o atrito produzido por braquetes estéticos, convencionais e autoligados quando inseridos fios retangulares de aço inoxidável de diferentes dimensões, nas angulações de zero e três graus entre os braquetes. Foram utilizados 120 braquetes de 6 marcas comerciais (Gemini, Clarity convencional, Transcend, Inspire, Clarity autoligado, Damon autoligado), sendo 20 braquetes de cada marca comercial. Para os ensaios laboratoriais, foram colados dois pares de braquetes de cada marca comercial em uma placa metálica, com uma angulação de zero e três graus entre os braquetes. Foram empregados os fios retangulares de aço inoxidável 0,017 x 0,025 , 0,019 x 0,025 e 0,021 x0,025 em uma máquina de ensaios universal Instron . Para a comparação entre os braquetes nos diferentes fios e angulações, foi utilizada a análise de variância e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que na angulação de zero grau, os braquetes autoligados apresentaram menor atrito em relação aos convencionais em todos os fios avaliados, sendo que, o braquete Clarity autoligado apresentou menor atrito estatisticamente significante que o Damon, exceto no fio 0,021 x 0,025 , em que ambos os braquetes autoligados apresentaram atrito estatisticamente semelhante. O braquete Inspire demonstrou o maior atrito em relação aos demais braquetes nos fios 0,019 x0,025 e 0,021 x0,025 . Na angulação de três graus, observou-se resultados semelhantes aos braquetes posicionados sem angulação comparando os braquetes autoligados em relação aos convencionais. Contudo, verificou-se que o atrito entre os braquetes convencionais ocorreu em ordem crescente sendo braquetes Gemini, Clarity convencional, Transcend e Inspire. Pôde-se concluir que a angulação entre os braquetes aumenta consideravelmente o atrito. Além disso, em ambas as angulações, os braquetes autoligados demonstraram menor atrito em relação aos convencionais, sendo que o braquete Clarity autoligado promoveu menor atrito que o Damon estético, exceto no fio 0,021 x 0,025 .(AU)

A atenção à crise e o apoio matricial: analisadores da estratégia atenção psicossocial

The National Policy on Mental Health is characterized as a territorial - political community , and it has the Psychoso cial Care Strategy (Eaps) as guideline for the proposal and the development of their actions. In its design, CAPS is idealized to be a strategic equipment within the Psychoso cial Care Network/RAPS. Matricial support and at tention to the crisis constitute strategic areas of action of CAPS in its replacement mission , and as it is g uided by the scope of deinstitutionalization, those are essential to the success of these services. We argue that sustain crises in existential territories of life is a condition for the effectiveness of psychosocial care and, ultimately, to the sustainability of its Reform. In this direction, the matricial support tool reveals a territorial supporter, intercessory and powerful in building a psychosocial care to the crisis. Recognized as one of the major challenges by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, forward these fronts materializes for workers in their mi cropolitical crafts. Our research arises as an investment toward empower them , and aimed to understand the operationalization of attention to the crisis and matricial support in a CAPS II, in the view of its workers . Besides, it aims to examine such practi ces forward the principles and purposes of Psychosocial Care Strategy. Inspired by the research - intervention and by the political and social ideas of Institutiona l Analysis, we offer a space for reflection and exchange, by implicational interviews , enablin g workers to launch them in analysis of practices in the EAPs view. We have done a documentary consulting CAPS Technical Project, and a return stage to the institution, by organizing workshop and conversation groups with CAPS workers. The results have show n that there are institutional logics in competition on that service. When operating the logic risk, some difficulties in sustaining most intense crisis situations were identified, the psychiatric hospital internment is used as a facility, particularly in view of some cases, in which the aggressiveness of the person in crises becomes aggressive, and when the brackets SAMU, the CAPS III and Comprehensive Care Beds do not respond satisfactorily to their users requests. Order weaknesses were indicated in this thesis as macropolitical and micropolitical interfering in network support. The matricial actions were identified as a powerful intercessor resource in crisis care appeared weakened, and indicates little porosity in the relationship between the Service and the territory where it takes place. Noticed by the logic of home care, without operate primarily as a knowledge exchange device, we saw capture points in the logic of assistance with ambulatoriza tion production of CAPS, welfare practices and "ext empore " . T he E APs , although it emerge s as a guiding, it is not seen to workers as effective practice. On the one hand, the results signaled that the attention to the crisis and the matricial actions are developed without tenacious connection with the purposes of EA Ps, on the other hand, successful cases were indicated with the main leads to conducting wire of intersectoral actions to the powerful bonds and to the participation of user in their care process es , indicating insurgent forces tha t intend by traditional lo gic .

Ateliê biográfico de formação profissional: prática socioeducativa em Escola Judicial

In recent decades, debates have intensified about (auto) biographical narratives as devices of socio-educational practices, aligned to the educational setting of the XXI century which have stimulated a new educational perspective woven with epistemological and methodological training throughout life. Towards that scenario, the continued training in Judicial School has occupied important space for constitutional effectiveness and, on the other hand, has grown the demands of expanding knowledge and enhancing training practices, in turn, judicial practices. The aim is to analyze the reflective Group through "Professional Training biographical Workshop" with Bailiffs such as socio-educational practices in socio Judicial School, in the city of Natal /RN. It has highlighted the questions that guided this study: 1. What paths of experiences and knowledge shared by the Law Officials, Federal Appraisers in "Professional Training biographical Workshop" as reflective Group? 2. How is organized the reflective Group as practice in socio-professional training setting? 3. What contributions narratives of themselves bring to the bailiff in reflective Group on Judicial School? The theoretical assumptions are supported in the lifelong training in methodological and epistemological dimension of (auto) biographical knowledge (JOSSO, 2008, 2010, 2012; PINEAU, 2005, 2006; DOMINICÉ, 2010; DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2006, 2008; FREIRE, 1987, 1996, 2001; PASSEGGI, 2008; 2010; 2011; 2012). In 2009, 09 (nine) civil servants in post of Federal Appraiser Justice Official, law graduates participated in this research through eight (08) "Biographical Workshops of Professional Training", consisting of biographical practices and scenarios, enabling oral and written narratives about a memory that has meaning, relationship and tessituras between files, facts and feelings that reveal the perception of self and other, as well as mobilize and weave the training process. The experiences of speaking, writing and reading were constituted of spaces that facilitating the reconstruction of the trajectory of training and career awareness-making, helping to re-signify labor relations and lead to their own professional design. From this study, the reflective properties of groups have emerged, consisting of Reflexivity, Experience, Historicity, Reversibility, dialog and formability processes, with paths to social and educational practices in which professionals identify the meaning and significance of self and of the profession that are exercising. The expectation is to continue with the spirit of research to emerge from the participants responses to training practices in Judicial School, aligned with the new knowledge of understanding the human being, not only an object of his work, but also a social subject, co-participant in the process of re-signifying life and work in a permanent way.

Contribuições em escalonamento e análise de desempenho de redes WirelessHART

Wireless Communication is a trend in the industrial environment nowadays and on this trend, we can highlight the WirelessHART technology. In this situation, it is natural the search for new improvements in the technology and such improvements can be related directly to the routing and scheduling algorithms. In the present thesis, we present a literature review about the main specific solutions for Routing and scheduling for WirelessHART. The thesis also proposes a new scheduling algorithm called Flow Scheduling that intends to improve superframe utilization and flexibility aspects. For validation purposes, we develop a simulation module for the Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) that models aspects like positioning, signal attenuation and energy consumption and provides an link individual error configuration. The module also allows the creation of the scheduling superframe using the Flow and Han Algorithms. In order to validate the new algorithms, we execute a series of comparative tests and evaluate the algorithms performance for link allocation, delay and superframe occupation. In order to validate the physical layer of the simulation module, we statically configure the routing and scheduling aspects and perform reliability and energy consumption tests using various literature topologies and error probabilities.

Contribuições em escalonamento e análise de desempenho de redes WirelessHART

Wireless Communication is a trend in the industrial environment nowadays and on this trend, we can highlight the WirelessHART technology. In this situation, it is natural the search for new improvements in the technology and such improvements can be related directly to the routing and scheduling algorithms. In the present thesis, we present a literature review about the main specific solutions for Routing and scheduling for WirelessHART. The thesis also proposes a new scheduling algorithm called Flow Scheduling that intends to improve superframe utilization and flexibility aspects. For validation purposes, we develop a simulation module for the Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) that models aspects like positioning, signal attenuation and energy consumption and provides an link individual error configuration. The module also allows the creation of the scheduling superframe using the Flow and Han Algorithms. In order to validate the new algorithms, we execute a series of comparative tests and evaluate the algorithms performance for link allocation, delay and superframe occupation. In order to validate the physical layer of the simulation module, we statically configure the routing and scheduling aspects and perform reliability and energy consumption tests using various literature topologies and error probabilities.

Análise do discurso sobre o "bom" professor de História no Brasil contemporâneo: uma questão de cidadania...

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Entre Grande Otelo e Sebastião: tramas, representações e memórias

A versão impressa está dividida em volume 1 e 2.

Sistema de notificação e monitorização de acidentes para motociclos

A percentagem de utilização de motociclos tem vindo a crescer relativamente à utilização de veículos automóveis. Provavelmente, este número continuará a aumentar anualmente devido a diversos fatores: a mobilidade, a flexibilidade de circulação e o menor gasto de combustível. No entanto, um dos principais problemas da condução de motociclos é o elevado risco de acidente, comparativamente com os veículos automóveis. A segurança do condutor e passageiros, quando sujeitos a um acidente, merece total atenção. Convém, pois, encontrar soluções com capacidade de prevenir ou ajudar a minimizar o número de mortalidade que possam ocorrer diariamente. Uma maior atenção às medidas de segurança rodoviária veio diminuir o número de acidentes, no entanto, quando estes acontecem, a ajuda das unidades médicas demora algum tempo a chegar. Sabe-se que nestas situações, qualquer segundo pode fazer a diferença. Este é o problema que o autor deseja resolver. Na presente dissertação, o autor pretende demonstrar como desenvolveu um sistema para motociclos com a capacidade de reconhecer um acidente, enviando um alerta (SMS) com a informação do local da ocorrência (GPS). Este sistema foi preparado para operar em locais isolados com pouco ou nenhum tráfego rodoviário. Implementou-se no referido sistema uma tecnologia sem fios e fiabilizou-se um método capaz de ser utilizado em diversos modelos de motociclos. Procedeu-se à realização de interfaces que permitem monitorizar e possibilitar o reconhecimento da informação sobre o condutor e sobre o acidente, em tempo real.

Optimização dos consumos de água na irrigação de campos golfe

A presente dissertação propõe o desenvolvimento de um sistema de Irrigação de baixo custo para campos de Golfe. Este sistema é capaz de recolher a previsão meteorológica e ainda medir um conjunto de valores (temperatura, humidade, velocidade do vento) que determina quando e quanto regar. Os campos de Golfe consumem diariamente elevadas quantidades de água, sendo esta a principal crítica feita pelas organizações ambientais. Esta dissertação incorpora uma comunicação sem fios de baixo custo, que dispensa a cablagem que é necessária para haver comunicação entre os diversos equipamentos, que estão distribuídos pelo campo de Golfe. O sistema desenvolvido pretende reduzir os desperdícios dos recursos hídricos na rega, pois é um sistema inteligente que poderá ser adquirido não só por gestores de campos de Golfe, mas também por jardins residenciais e municipais. Com o objetivo de criar um sistema de baixo custo foi elaborado um algoritmo de reencaminhamento de mensagens, que permite utilizar equipamentos de comunicação sem fios de baixo custo. Todo o sistema de Irrigação é controlado e monitorizado através de uma interface, desenvolvida em Microsoft Visual Basic.

Impact of node mobility in user-centric routing

Recent paradigms in wireless communication architectures describe environments where nodes present a highly dynamic behavior (e.g., User Centric Networks). In such environments, routing is still performed based on the regular packet-switched behavior of store-and-forward. Albeit sufficient to compute at least an adequate path between a source and a destination, such routing behavior cannot adequately sustain the highly nomadic lifestyle that Internet users are today experiencing. This thesis aims to analyse the impact of the nodes’ mobility on routing scenarios. It also aims at the development of forwarding concepts that help in message forwarding across graphs where nodes exhibit human mobility patterns, as is the case of most of the user-centric wireless networks today. The first part of the work involved the analysis of the mobility impact on routing, and we found that node mobility significance can affect routing performance, and it depends on the link length, distance, and mobility patterns of nodes. The study of current mobility parameters showed that they capture mobility partially. The routing protocol robustness to node mobility depends on the routing metric sensitivity to node mobility. As such, mobility-aware routing metrics were devised to increase routing robustness to node mobility. Two categories of routing metrics proposed are the time-based and spatial correlation-based. For the validation of the metrics, several mobility models were used, which include the ones that mimic human mobility patterns. The metrics were implemented using the Network Simulator tool using two widely used multi-hop routing protocols of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV). Using the proposed metrics, we reduced the path re-computation frequency compared to the benchmark metric. This means that more stable nodes were used to route data. The time-based routing metrics generally performed well across the different node mobility scenarios used. We also noted a variation on the performance of the metrics, including the benchmark metric, under different mobility models, due to the differences in the node mobility governing rules of the models.

Electrolytic cells for plastic waste recycling

The current project assesses potential molten alloy anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) running on solid waste. A detailed phase diagram study was performed to locate probable anode systems. The molten metal oxide system PbO-Sb2O3 was selected as a possible molten alloy anode for this application. A detailed vapour pressure study of this system was performed. Several cells were fabricated to experimentally assess the electrochemical properties of this system. The work reveals several unexpected limiting features such as the incompatibility between the platinum and the chosen alloy. A second cell was built, this time using rhenium wires instead, preventing such reaction. However, the rhenium wire sublimes under oxidizing conditions (air) and the sealing glass and the chosen alloy system react with each other under long term use. Considering all these issues, a third cell design was conceived, surpassing some obstacles and providing some initial information regarding the electrochemical behaviour. The current project shows that many parameters need to be taken into account to ensure materials compatibility. For the PbOSb2O3 system, the high volatility of Sb2O3 was a serious limitation that can only be addressed through the application of new contact wires or sealing materials and conditions. Nonetheless, the project highlights several other potential systems that can be considered, such as Pb11Ge3O17, Pb3GeO5, Pb5Ge3O11, Bi2CuO4, Bi2PdO4, Bi12GeO20.

Error correcting codes for visible light communication systems

Over the past few years, the number of wireless networks users has been increasing. Until now, Radio-Frequency (RF) used to be the dominant technology. However, the electromagnetic spectrum in these region is being saturated, demanding for alternative wireless technologies. Recently, with the growing market of LED lighting, the Visible Light Communications has been drawing attentions from the research community. First, it is an eficient device for illumination. Second, because of its easy modulation and high bandwidth. Finally, it can combine illumination and communication in the same device, in other words, it allows to implement highly eficient wireless communication systems. One of the most important aspects in a communication system is its reliability when working in noisy channels. In these scenarios, the received data can be afected by errors. In order to proper system working, it is usually employed a Channel Encoder in the system. Its function is to code the data to be transmitted in order to increase system performance. It commonly uses ECC, which appends redundant information to the original data. At the receiver side, the redundant information is used to recover the erroneous data. This dissertation presents the implementation steps of a Channel Encoder for VLC. It was consider several techniques such as Reed-Solomon and Convolutional codes, Block and Convolutional Interleaving, CRC and Puncturing. A detailed analysis of each technique characteristics was made in order to choose the most appropriate ones. Simulink models were created in order to simulate how diferent codes behave in diferent scenarios. Later, the models were implemented in a FPGA and simulations were performed. Hardware co-simulations were also implemented to faster simulation results. At the end, diferent techniques were combined to create a complete Channel Encoder capable of detect and correct random and burst errors, due to the usage of a RS(255,213) code with a Block Interleaver. Furthermore, after the decoding process, the proposed system can identify uncorrectable errors in the decoded data due to the CRC-32 algorithm.

Nonlinear distortion generation mechanisms in Doherty amplifiers

Nowadays, wireless communications systems demand for greater mobility and higher data rates. Moreover, the need for spectral efficiency requires the use of non-constant envelope modulation schemes. Hence, power amplifier designers have to build highly efficient, broadband and linear amplifiers. In order to fulfil these strict requirements, the practical Doherty amplifier seems to be the most promising technique. However, due to its complex operation, its nonlinear distortion generation mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Currently, only heuristic interpretations are being used to justify the observed phenomena. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to provide a model capable of describing the Doherty power amplifier nonlinear distortion generation mechanisms, allowing the optimization of its design according to linearity and efficiency criteria. Besides that, this approach will allow a bridge between two different worlds: power amplifier design and digital pre-distortion since the knowledge gathered from the Doherty operation will serve to select the most suitable pre-distortion models.

Street lighting mesh network protocol

The digital revolution of the 21st century contributed to stem the Internet of Things (IoT). Trillions of embedded devices using the Internet Protocol (IP), also called smart objects, will be an integral part of the Internet. In order to support such an extremely large address space, a new Internet Protocol, called Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) is being adopted. The IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN) has accelerated the integration of WSNs into the Internet. At the same time, the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has made it possible to provide resource constrained devices with RESTful Web services functionalities. This work builds upon previous experience in street lighting networks, for which a proprietary protocol, devised by the Lighting Living Lab, was implemented and used for several years. The proprietary protocol runs on a broad range of lighting control boards. In order to support heterogeneous applications with more demanding communication requirements and to improve the application development process, it was decided to port the Contiki OS to the four channel LED driver (4LD) board from Globaltronic. This thesis describes the work done to adapt the Contiki OS to support the Microchip TM PIC24FJ128GA308 microprocessor and presents an IP based solution to integrate sensors and actuators in smart lighting applications. Besides detailing the system’s architecture and implementation, this thesis presents multiple results showing that the performance of CoAP based resource retrievals in constrained nodes is adequate for supporting networking services in street lighting networks.