823 resultados para Finance New World Caicó-RN
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The cellular protease subtilisin kexin isozyme-1 (SKI-1)/site-1 protease (S1P) is implicated in the proteolytic processing of the viral envelope glycoprotein precursor (GPC) of arenaviruses, a step strictly required for production of infectious progeny. The small molecule SKI-1/S1P inhibitor PF-429242 was shown to have anti-viral activity against Old World arenaviruses. Here we extended these studies and show that PF-429242 also inhibits GPC processing and productive infection of New World arenaviruses, making PF-429242 a broadly active anti-arenaviral drug. In combination therapy, PF-429242 potentiated the anti-viral activity of ribavirin, indicating a synergism between the two drugs. A hallmark of arenaviruses is their ability to establish persistent infection in vitro and in vivo. Notably, PF-429242 was able to efficiently and rapidly clear persistent infection by arenaviruses. Interruption of drug treatment did not result in re-emergence of infection, indicating that PF-429242 treatment leads to virus extinction.
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The world of work with Western society appears to be undergoing a major change. The literature has described this phenomenon as a change from an industrialbased economy to a knowledge-based economy. This change will represent a complete transformation of the world of work; some suggest that everything we have come to accept and know as normal will change. Our present society seems to be in a period of transition. It is a time with many challenges and problems, many of which cannot be solved with thinking patterns from an old industrial-based economy. A fundamental shift in thinking patterns consistent with a new emerging world of work must take place. This change in thinking represents a fundmental shift from traditional and linear ways of seeing the world (worldview), to more holistic ways of seeing the world. In this investigation the word paradigm was used to define how people see their world. A paradigm shift is defined as a change in how a person sees their world: a change from an old to new or different way of viewing the world. Those individuals who are the first to shift their paradigm are called paradigm pioneers. These individuals do not only shift their ways of seeing the world, but they also begin to act and behave in ways consistent with the new paradigm. Thus far the research literature has adequately described the concepts of paradigms and paradigm shifts. However, little is known regarding how people actually and eventually make a shift. As it will be important for each individual to make a personal paradigm shift, then it will be extremely valuable to learn more about the process itself. The purpose of this investigation was to explore these issues in more detail and specifically, describe the experience of paradigm shifts and explore the experience of paradigm pioneers. A qualitative research methodology involving in-depth interviews was used to investigate the experiences of four participants identified as paradigm pioneers. It is interesting to note that the participants in this study did not describe an allencompassing paradigm shift. In fact, each participant, defined a paradigm shift in several different ways. They did relate several examples of paradigm shifts. However, even among these examples, there was a high degree of variability. The findings of this investigation centered upon the participants' experience as pioneers. Each pioneer shared many of the same qualities, the first quality of which described how these pioneers dealt with change. I called this a change-sense quality. The pioneers viewed change in an open and positive manner, and were also aware of change taking place in their world. Finally, they displayed an understanding of change, and a bias to take positive action in the face it. The participants also shared an inner quality. The four pioneers demonstrated a personal purpose and vision, and were selfdirected individuals. They also had an innate curiosity which translated into a love of learning. They also displayed a quality where relationships with others were highly valued. Relationships were important to the pioneers because they played a support role to help them deal with the challenges of being a pioneer. Pioneers also valued relationships because, they relied on others to make change happen. The above mentioned qualities enabled pioneers to be effective in a changing world of work. The findings from this investigation have many implications for research and practice. First, the concept of paradigms and paradigm shifts must be further researched. A great deal more must be learned in order to better understand the kind of shift individuals must make to be effective in the new world of work. Second, the qualities displayed by pioneers are important for all members of the world of work to develop. The qualities shared by pioneers appeared to represent an enduring set of traits that can possibly help individuals deal more positively with uncertainty and rapid change taking place in today's North American world of work.
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Many arthropods exhibit behaviours precursory to social life, including adult longevity, parental care, nest loyalty and mutual tolerance, yet there are few examples of social behaviour in this phylum. The small carpenter bees, genus Ceratina, provide important insights into the early stages of sociality. I described the biology and social behaviour of five facultatively social species which exhibit all of the preadaptations for successful group living, yet present ecological and behavioural characteristics that seemingly disfavour frequent colony formation. These species are socially polymorphic with both / solitary and social nests collected in sympatry. Social colonies consist of two adult females, one contributing both foraging and reproductive effort and the second which remains at the nest as a passive guard. Cooperative nesting provides no overt reproductive benefits over solitary nesting, although brood survival tends to be greater in social colonies. Three main theories explain cooperation among conspecifics: mutual benefit, kin selection and manipulation. Lifetime reproductive success calculations revealed that mutual benefit does not explain social behaviour in this group as social colonies have lower per capita life time reproductive success than solitary nests. Genetic pedigrees constructed from allozyme data indicate that kin selection might contribute to the maintenance of social nesting -, as social colonies consist of full sisters and thus some indirect fitness benefits are inherently bestowed on subordinate females as a result of remaining to help their dominant sister. These data suggest that the origin of sociality in ceratinines has principal costs and the great ecological success of highly eusociallineages occurred well after social origins. Ecological constraints such as resource limitation, unfavourable weather conditions and parasite pressure have long been considered some of the most important selective pressures for the evolution of sociality. I assessed the fitness consequences of these three ecological factors for reproductive success of solitary and social colonies and found that nest sites were not limiting, and the frequency of social nesting was consistent across brood rearing seasons. Local weather varied between seasons but was not correlated with reproductive success. Severe parasitism resulted in low reproductive success and total nest failure in solitary nests. Social colonies had higher reproductive success and were never extirpated by parasites. I suggest that social nesting represents a form of bet-hedging. The high frequency of solitary nests suggests that this is the optimal strategy when parasite pressure is low. However, social colonies have a selective advantage over solitary nesting females during periods of extreme parasite pressure. Finally, the small carpenter bees are recorded from all continents except Antarctica. I constructed the first molecular phylogeny of ceratinine bees based on four gene regions of selected species covering representatives from all continents and ecological regions. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian Inference tree topology and fossil dating support an African origin followed by an Old World invasion and New World radiation. All known Old World ceratinines form social colonies while New World species are largely solitary; thus geography and phylogenetic inertia are likely predictors of social evolution in this genus. This integrative approach not only describes the behaviour of several previously unknown or little-known Ceratina species, bu~ highlights the fact that this is an important, though previously unrecognized, model for studying evolutionary transitions from solitary to social behaviour.
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A letter from Premier Ernie Eves to Donald Ziraldo, 13 September 2002. Premier Eves congratulates Mr. Ziraldo for recently receiving the Lifetime Achievement Award for Food and Beverage Excellence at the Sixth Annual New World of Food and Wine Festival.
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The origins of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry can be traced to France around 1754, when a Chapter of Claremont was founded in Paris. Initially this chapter had seven degrees, but by 1758 there were twenty-five degrees, known as the Rite of Perfection. In 1761, Stephen Morin was appointed to introduce the Rite into the New World. He began with Kingston, Jamaica and San Domingo. Further establishments were made in New Orleans, LA(1763); Albany, NY (1767); Philadelphia, PA (1782); and Charleston, SC (1783). In order to improve the disorganized state of the degrees in Europe, Grand Constitutions were enacted in 1786. These Constitutions formally brought into existence the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite. None of the degrees of the Scottish Rite would seem to have origins in Scotland. Scottish is translated from the French word Ecossais, which is found in some of the French titles of some of the degrees of the Rite of Perfection. It is possible that the Scottish connection is a result of the involvement of a Scotsman, Andrew Michael Ramsey, who may have devised some of the degrees.
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Comme une grande partie des les de la Carabe, pour des raisons conomiques bases sur le mercantilisme, justifies par une lgislation, la Martinique, ne il y a trois sicles, a connu un emmlement massif de diverses ethnies. Suite labolition de lesclavage en 1848 et la crise agricole qui en dcoula, cest un brassage de coutumes qui sopra avec limmigration des Hindous, des Africains, des Chinois et des Indochinois. Ce faisant, ces coutumes ont conserv leurs traditions et croyances propres, expliquant ainsi la fusion d'lments de ces cultures, encore prsente aujourdhui. En abolissant lesclavage, la Loi abolit galement la rification, rtablissant ainsi lhumanit de lhomme, puisque lesclave noir tait considr comme un bien meuble . Il en rsulte la cration dun nouveau monde, modifiant la vie culturelle, dployant des habitus, ainsi quune manire de penser et dagir. Aussi, un nouveau langage se structure progressivement. En 1946, la Martinique est reconnue dpartement franais dAmrique. Aujourdhui, elle se trouve dans une dpendance conomique et sociale. De cet tat de fait, un conflit simpose lAfro-Martiniquais quant la question de lidentit. Il se trouve partag entre le contexte franco-europen et le milieu afro-antillais. Cette contradiction mane aussi de situations de confrontation, do se dgage souvent un ressenti de fatalit voire de maldiction entranant un sentiment de culpabilit collective doser dfier lordre social en place. Notre recherche vise analyser ce dilemme de la dpendance partir de lnonc des maldictions puis des considrations historiques suivies d'une perspective psychanalytique.
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Suite aux grands changements politiques, conomiques et sociaux que lOccident a connus depuis plus dun sicle, de nombreux problmes ont merg, de nouveaux dfis ont t lancs et plusieurs approches et solutions ont t avances. Lavnement de la dmocratie, un exploit humain inestimable, a plus ou moins rglement la pluralit idologique, pour permettre un exercice politique organis. Aujourdhui, dans le nouvel ordre mondial, cest la pluralit morale et religieuse qui a besoin dtre gre; un dfi pour les institutions dmocratiques et pour la socit civile, afin de raliser un mieux vivre-ensemble dans le dialogue, la comprhension et le compromis. Or, beaucoup de travail est encore faire : dans un premier temps, lintrieur de chaque tradition religieuse; dans un deuxime temps, entre les diffrentes traditions; et dans un troisime temps, entre ces traditions et la modernit. Le dogmatisme est au cur de ces dbats, quil soit dordre traditionnel ou moderne, il entrave la raison dans son processus de libration et dmancipation. La problmatique de ce mmoire concerne la gestion de la pluralit morale et religieuse en Occident. Dans ce travail, nous allons essayer de dmontrer comment la libration du dogmatisme en gnral et la libration du dogmatisme musulman, en particulier, peuvent contribuer la ralisation dun mieux vivre-ensemble en Occident. Pour ce faire, nous analyserons les projets de deux penseurs musulmans contemporains : Muhammad Arkoun et Tariq Ramadan. Notre recherche va essentiellement se pencher sur leurs attitudes vis--vis de la tradition et de la modernit, car, nous pensons que lenjeu du dogmatisme est li aux rapports des musulmans leur tradition et la modernit. Selon nos deux penseurs, la libration du dogmatisme musulman nest possible qu condition de pouvoir changer la fois notre rapport la tradition et la modernit. Arkoun pense que ce changement doit suivre le modle de la libration occidentale, au moyen dune critique subversive de la tradition islamique. Cependant, Ramadan opte pour une rforme radicale de la pense islamique qui vise une critique globale de la tradition, mais, qui pargne les fondements de la foi : le sacr.
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Plusieurs problmes lis l'utilisation de substances et mthodes interdites de dopage dans les sports posent de grands dfis la gouvernance antidopage. Afin de lutter contre le dopage, certains pays ont mis en oeuvre des cadres juridiques bass exclusivement sur le droit pnal tandis que d'autres pays ont plutt mis sur des mcanismes et organismes spcialiss trouvant fondement en droit priv ou sur un rgime hybride de droit public et priv. Ces diffrentes approches rglementaires ont pour consquence de faire en sorte quil est trs difficile de lutter efficacement contre le dopage dans les sports, notamment parce que leur excution requiert un degr de collaboration internationale et une participation concerte des autorits publiques qui est difficile mettre en place. lheure actuelle, on peut par exemple observer que les tats narrivent pas contrer efficacement la participation des syndicats et organisations transnationales lis au crime organis dans le march du dopage, ni liminer des substances et mthodes de dopage interdites par la rglementation. Par ailleurs, la gouvernance antidopage base sur les rgles prescrites par lAgence mondiale antidopage prvoit des rgles et des normes distinctes de dopage distinguant entre deux catgories de personnes, les athltes et les autres, plaant ainsi les premiers dans une position dsavantageuse. Par exemple, le standard de responsabilit stricte sans faute ou ngligence impos aux athltes exige moins que la preuve hors de tout doute raisonnable et permet l'utilisation de preuves circonstancielles pour tablir la violation des rgles antidopages. S'appliquant pour prouver le dopage, ce standard mine le principe de la prsomption d'innocence et le principe suivant lequel une personne ne devrait pas se voir imposer une peine sans loi. Dailleurs, le nouveau Code de 2015 de lAgence attribuera aux organisations nationales antidopage (ONADs) des pouvoirs d'enqute et de collecte de renseignements et ajoutera de nouvelles catgories de dopage non-analytiques, rduisant encore plus les droits des athltes. Dans cette thse, nous discutons plus particulirement du rgime rglementaire de lAgence et fond sur le droit priv parce quil ne parvient pas rpondre aux besoins actuels de gouvernance mondiale antidopage. Nous prconisons donc ladoption dune nouvelle approche de gouvernance antidopage o la nature publique et pnale mondiale du dopage est clairement reconnue. Cette reconnaissance combin avec un modle de gouvernance adapt bas sur une approche pluraliste du droit administratif global produira une rglementation et une administration antidopage mieux accepte chez les athltes et plus efficace sur le plan des rsultats. Le nouveau modle de gouvernance que nous proposons ncessitera toutefois que tous les acteurs tatiques et non-tatiques ajustent leur cadre de gouvernance en tenant compte de cette nouvelle approche, et ce, afin de confronter les dfis actuels et de rgler de manire plus satisfaisante les problmes lis la gouvernance mondiale du dopage dans les sports.
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Certaines tudes ont dmontrs que les connexions entre laire prmotrice ventrale (PMv) et la rgion de la main du cortex moteur primaire (M1) sont distribues non-uniformment, ciblant des sous-rgions spcifiques dans M1. Dans la prsente tude nous avons voulu dvelopper ces rsultats en tudiant la distribution au sein de M1 des projections corticales issues de PMv, laire prmotrice dorsale (PMd), laire motrice supplmentaire (SMA) et les aires paritales 1, 2 et 5. Pour se faire, nous avons combin des approches lectrophysiologiques et anatomiques chez trois singes nafs du Nouveau Monde (Cebus apella) pour examiner lorganisation et la spcificit topographique des projections corticales dans M1. Nos rsultats indiquent que quatre sous-rgions lintrieur de la rgion ddie la main reoivent des inputs prdominants de diffrentes aires sensorimotrices. Ces rsultats suggrent que des sous-rgions de M1 puissent avoir des fonctions spcifiques pour le contrle moteur de la main et des doigts.
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Au terme de la Grande Guerre (1914-1918), rares sont ceux et celles qui ne rvent pas dun monde nouveau. Aprs quatre annes de souffrance et dangoisse, la paix simpose comme une pulsion de vie qui touche toutes les populations impliques dans le conflit, en premier lieu celles qui ont connu les combats sur leur propre territoire. Un nombre record de mouvements pour la paix merge des cendres de la guerre, dont plusieurs sont spcifiquement fminins. Pour ces femmes, prives du droit de vote et donc exclues de la vie politique au sens traditionnel, ces mouvements apparaissent comme autant de nouveaux espaces dactions politiques. travers leur lutte pacifiste, elles investissent le champ politique et social, avec des dbats qui nignorent aucune des grandes questions de lentre-deux-guerres. Cest donc dans cette perspective que les femmes prennent parole : mme si elles nont pas connu comme les hommes les champs de bataille, elles ont aussi souffert pendant le conflit et revendiquent le droit de refaire le monde . Ces quelques femmes sont toutefois longtemps restes dans lombre : doublement ignores en raison de leur pacifisme et de leur sexe. Lhistoriographie de lentre-deux-guerres en France a en effet longtemps nglig leur travail dans ltablissement de la paix et dans les relations internationales. Cette thse cherche donc combler un vide laiss par une historiographie trop longtemps axe seulement sur les hommes politiques et liant de faon trop stricte laction politique et le droit de vote. partir de lanalyse de cinq associations pacifistes fminines la Section franaise de la Ligue internationale des femmes pour la paix et la libert (SFLIFPL), la Ligue des femmes contre la Guerre (LFCG), lUnion fminine pour la Socit des Nations (UFSDN), lUnion fraternelle des femmes contre la guerre (UFFCG) et la Ligue internationale des mres et des ducatrices pour la paix (LIMEP) notre recherche propose une nouvelle analyse des affaires internationales en abordant les questions de la paix, de la rconciliation franco-allemande et du dsarmement au fminin. Elle met galement en lumire les discours sur le rle et la place des femmes dans la socit de lentre-deux-guerres et cherche comprendre comment les pacifistes contournent leur exclusion des affaires politiques et lgitiment leurs dmarches dans la construction de la socit daprs-guerre.
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Gelation provides a unique medium, which often induces organization of molecules resulting in the modulation of their optical, morphological and electronic properties thereby opening a new world of fascinating materials with interesting physical properties at nano- meso- and macroscopic levels. Supramolecular gels based on linear -systems have attracted much attention due to their inherent optical and electronic properties which find application in organic electronics, light harvesting and sensing. They exhibit reversible properties due to the dynamic nature of noncovalent forces. As a result, studies on such soft materials are currently a topic of great interest. Recently, researchers are actively involved in the development of sensors and stimuli-responsive materials based on self-assembled -systems, which are also called smart materials. The present thesis is divided into four chapters
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Export has assumed an important place in the development of any country and considered as the engine of economic growth. India requires huge amount of foreign exchange for its essential import and for achieving rapid growth. Millions of job opportunities have to be created to utilise the youth for nation building. Even though the country has different sources of foreign exchange, export earning is the safe way of obtaining it in the long run. Export of high valued traditional products not only gives foreign exchange, but also employment to large number of people. Spices are the traditional products of India whose production process is highly intensive in semi and unskilled labour, and high domestic and foreign market prices compared to other traditional products. The new world trade scenario with the establishment of WTO has affected Indias spices export considerably. The study examines the export performance of Indian spices in the WTO regime taking the export of major spices from 1985 to 2013 using the growth of export, trend and instability in growth rate, changes in the composition and direction of spices, export performance ratio and the prospects of spices in earning foreign exchange during the WTO period and Pre-WTO period. The analysis reveals that the overall performance of Indian spices exports during the WTO regime are satisfactory. Export volume and value increased much during this period. But the decrease in market share of spices export during the WTO period reflects that, the favourable conditions in the international market are not exploited by India. High Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Value Elasticity (EV) of major spices amidst the low export shares shows that export performance of Indian spices during the WTO regime was not mainly affected by external demand factors as suggested by Ragnar Nurkse in his Demand Deficiency Thesis, but because of internal supply factors as suggested in Supply Deficiency Thesis, (supported by K.S Dhinsha, Dacosta, Goddamwar,etc.). But the fluctuations of export during the recession and prosperity periods show that external demand is also a determinant of Indian spices export. From this one can conclude that both the domestic supply factors and foreign demand factors influence the export performance of Indian spices. The long term performance of Indian spices exports are mainly influenced by domestic supply factors as suggested by Supply Deficiency Thesis and short term performance is mostly influenced by external demand factors as suggested by Demand Deficiency Thesis.
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El descubrimiento de Amrica signific el ensanchamiento de las fronteras mentales que sobre el universo tenan los europeos renacentistas. La existencia de un Nuevo Mundo produjo la necesidad en filsofos y escritores de crear sociedades imaginarias que deban ser implantadas allende el ocano como ideales de perfeccin o utopas. Esta corriente de creadores utpicos que prometan construir una Amrica virtuosa y libre de los vicios de la desgastada Europa, conocido ahora como el Utopismo Renacentista, sell para siempre el destino histrico de la Amrica Hispnica. El Nuevo Mundo sera desde su ms temprana colonizacin el crisol de los anhelos humanos y el origen mismo de las utopas. Fenmenos tales como el caudillismo, el populismo, la Teologa de la Liberacin, entre otros, profundamente enraizados en el espritu hispanoamericano, pueden ser tambin comprendidos a partir del carcter utpico del continente, y por tanto, el utopismo se convierte en rasgo fundamental de la identidad internacional de Hispanoamrica. El caso de la Teologa de la Liberacin es analizado a la luz de la obra del filsofo italiano Tomaso de Campanella, La Ciudad del Sol, donde se encuentra que aspectos como el comunitarismo, la religin como fuente de lo poltico y el establecimiento de ideales de perfeccin social son parte fundamental de la esencia identitaria de la Amrica Espaola.
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El presente texto comienza con la definicin y explicacin de algunos de los conceptos bsicos de mayor importancia para la familiarizacin con el presente trabajo. A continuacin construimos tres pilares fundamentales que soportan la idea de una actuacin moralmente responsable. Empezamos con el reconocimiento de aportes ticos y filosficos desde el siglo XVI hasta nuestros das. Seguidamente, examinamos el componente econmico y el aspecto tico, en donde encontramos evidencia de la falta de compromiso moral de los actores econmicos y hallamos evidencia que soporta al nuevo orden econmico mundial. Por ltimo, evaluamos el comportamiento que se debera seguir en el mbito empresarial. Analizamos la conducta que debera guiar el camino empresarial; se debe buscar un punto medio en donde se es socialmente responsable y se logra incrementar los beneficios financieros. Tras apoyarnos sobre estos tres pilares llegamos al diseo de un modelo de responsabilidad social en el que las empresas deben ser vistas como una familia econmica. Con esto intentamos hacer nfasis en la redefinicin del contrato social, en el que las empresas vean a los stakeholders y al medio ambiente de la misma forma en que un padre responsable ve a sus hijos y a su familia. Quisimos hacer ver, inicialmente, un panorama extenso acerca del punto crtico en el que nos encontramos hoy buscando una concienciacin general para el entendimiento que el bienestar social y ambiental favorece a todos, pues mejora la calidad de vida a nivel mundial y aumente el desempeo empresarial a lo largo del planeta.
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La insercin de Colombia en la regin de Asia Pacifico es de gran importancia para el desarrollo de sus relaciones comerciales y de inversin. Se debe basar en el reconocimiento de la ventaja con la que cuenta el pas al estar ubicado en la Cuenca del Pacifico, lo que le permite un mayor contacto con pases de la cuenca no explorados como es el caso de los pases de asiticos hacia donde se deben enfocar los futuros esfuerzos por una integracin regional y comercial. Esto aprovechando la cercana y la relacin amigable que existe entre Colombia y Corea del Sur con quien ha comenzado una negociacin de Tratado de Libre Comercio que podra representar la puerta de entrada a Asia.
