Solar radiation over and under sea ice during the POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXVI/3 (TransArc) in summer 2011

Arctic sea ice has declined and become thinner and younger (more seasonal) during the last decade. One consequence of this is that the surface energy budget of the Arctic Ocean is changing. While the role of surface albedo has been studied intensively, it is still widely unknown how much light penetrates through sea ice into the upper ocean, affecting sea-ice mass balance, ecosystems, and geochemical processes. Here we present the first large-scale under-ice light measurements, operating spectral radiometers on a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) under Arctic sea ice in summer. This data set is used to produce an Arctic-wide map of light distribution under summer sea ice. Our results show that transmittance through first-year ice (FYI, 0.11) was almost three times larger than through multi-year ice (MYI, 0.04), and that this is mostly caused by the larger melt-pond coverage of FYI (42 vs. 23%). Also energy absorption was 50% larger in FYI than in MYI. Thus, a continuation of the observed sea-ice changes will increase the amount of light penetrating into the Arctic Ocean, enhancing sea-ice melt and affecting sea-ice and upper-ocean ecosystems.

Kansas City ASAP--analytic study 3: an analysis of ASAP patrol activity. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

An analysis of diagnosis, referral, rehabilitation and probation. Kansas City ASAP--analytic study 6. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Philologische Abhandlungen Heinrich Schweizer-Sidler zur Feier des fünfzigjährigen Jubiläums seiner Docententhätigkeit an der Zürcher Hochschule

Tobler, A. Kleine Beiträge zur französischen Grammatik.--Meyer-Lübke, W. Über o und u im lateinischen. Mamphur.--Misteli, F. Neupersisch und englisch.--Surber, A. Über die Verwertung der wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse für die Schulsyntax des lateinischen Infinitive.--Kægl, A. Die Neunzahl bei den Ostariern.--Morf, H. Tutti e tre.

Gong chi zhai wen chao : [20 juan] ; shi chao : [14 juan] ; Si shu ti wei lu ; zhi yi /

On double leaves, oriental style, in 7 cases.

Song gui tang quan ji : 37 juan ; Nan wang ji : 3 juan ; Yan lu ci : 3 juan /

Mode of access: Internet.

Wen'an gong ji

Running title: Xiangshan quan ji.

Huan you di qiu xin lu /

"Shan cheng tang cang ban."

Untersuchungen über Altersveränderungen an den Nieren des Pferdes.

Inaug. diss. - Hannover, 1911.

Shi ji jing hua lu : 6 juan /

On double leaves, oriental style, in 1 case.

Li dai shou kao ming chen lu : [bu fen juan, fu 1 juan] /

On double leaves, oriental style, in 1 case.

Bei zheng lu : 1 juan /

Double leaves, oriental style, in case.

Cheng an suo jian ji : 37 juan : (juan 4 zhi 37 qi) /

Feng mian ji mu lu ti: "Xin zeng (zuan) Cheng an suo jian ji", shu kou ti: Suo jian ji".

Jing xun tang cong shu : shi qi zhong yi bai ling jiu juan /

Juan qian xu ci hang you ti "bing bu shi lang jian du cha yuan you fu du yu shi xun fu Shanxi Xi'an deng chu di fang zan li jun wu jian li liang xiang qin ci yi pin ding dai Bi Yuan zhuan".