Estratégias para ajuste do ciclo vigília-sono de adolescentes aos horários escolares matutinos: a educação sobre o sono e a exposição a luz solar

In adolescents, who tend to sleep and wake-up later, the school schedule in the morning is associated with sleep advancement and shortening besides bedtime and wake-up time irregularity between week and weekend days. As a result, there is an increase in daytime sleepiness and a drop in cognitive performance that interfer in students performance in classroom. These consequences reinforce the need to evaluate alternatives that help the adolescent to adapt their sleep needs to the time of start of classes in the morning. Accordingly, the general aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a sleep program education and sunlight exposure in early morning on sleep-wake cycle (SWC) and daytime sleepiness of adolescents. The students chronotype were evaluated by the Horne-Ostberg questionnaire and the health and usual sleep habits by "the health and the sleep questionnaire. The SWC patterns were assessed by sleep log, the daytime sleepiness by Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and the alertness by the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT). These parameters were compared before and after a sleep education program and before and during the sunlight exposure. The sleep program was effective in increasing sleep knowledge of adolescents, in promoting a reduction of bedtime and wake-up time irregularity and increasing the sleep duration in school days. The sunlight exposure effect was evaluated in the return to classes after vacation due to the difference in sleep patterns between school and vacation days. During the intervention week it was observed an advance of sleep schedules, an increase on sleep duration and alertness at the end of the morning. Assessed separately, sleep education and sunlight exposure should contribute to minimize adolescents partial sleep deprivation, but daytime sleepiness effect must be better investigated. These strategies should be used jointly by school members to improve health and performance of their students

Influência da técnica de fabricação e dos materiais sobre o ajuste da interface pilar/implante em infraestruturas implantossuportadas

The aim of this study was to compare the misfit vertical, horizontal and passivity of zirconia and cobalt-chromium frameworks fabricated for CAD / CAM technology and conventional method of casting. Sixteen frameworks in one-piece, were obtained from a metallic matrix containing three Brånemark compatible implants with regular platform (Titamax Cortical Ti, Neodent). Eight frameworks were fabricated by CAD / CAM system (NeoShape, Neodent): four in zirconia (ZirCAD) and four cobalt-chromium (CoCrcad). Eight other frameworks were obtained by conventional casting method: four cobalt-chromium with UCLA abutment premachined Co-Cr (CoCrUCci) and four cobalt-chromium with UCLA abutment castable (CoCrUCc). The fit vertical, horizontal and passivity by one-screw test were measured using scanning electron microscopy with magnification of 250x. Initially evaluated the passivity by one-screw test and subsequently to assess the vertical and horizontal misfit, tightened all the screws with a torque of 20 Ncm. Mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values were calculated for each group. Measurements of horizontal misfit were transformed into cumulative frequency for categorization of the variable and the group later comparison groups. To evaluate the existence of quantitative differences between the groups tested for vertical misfit and passivity, we used the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare group to group statistical differences (p <0.05). Were observed the respective mean and standard deviation for vertical misfit and passivity in micrometers: ZirCAD (5.9 ± 3.6, 107.2 ± 36), CoCrcad (1.2 ± 2.2, 107.5 ± 26 ), CoCrUCci (11.8 ± 9.8, 124.7 ± 74), CoCrUCc (12.9 ± 11.0, 108.8 ± 85). There were statistical differences in measures of vertical misfit (p = 0.000). The Mann-Whitney test revealed statistical differences (p <0.05) between all groups except between CoCrUCci and CoCrUCc (p = 0.619). No statistical difference was observed for the passivity. In relation to the horizontal misfit groups ZirCAD and CoCrcad did not show best values in relation to CoCrUCci and CoCrUCc. Based on the results it can be concluded that frameworks fabricated by CAD / CAM technology had better values of vertical fit than those manufactured by the casting method, nevertheless, the passivity was not influenced by manufacturing technique and material used. The horizontal fit obtained by frameworks manufactured by CAD / CAM was not superior to those manufactured by casting. A lower variability in vertical adjustment and passivity was observed when frameworks were fabricated by CAD / CAM technology

A questão urbana e a produção acadêmica do Serviço Social brasileiro em foco

O artigo aborda a questão urbana como objeto de pesquisa do Serviço Social. Resulta de pesquisa teórica e de análise das produções sobre esta temática, tendo por base artigos dos anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Pesquisadores em Serviço Social (ENPESS), no período 2000-2010. A ampliação e diversidade de espaços sócio-ocupacionais não correspondem necessariamente ao desenvolvimento de pesquisas, com aprofundamento teórico-metodológico exigido pela complexidade da questão urbana na contemporaneidade. Há crescente interesse pela temática de pesquisadores, profissionais e estudantes e esforços de sistematização e pesquisa evidenciados no número de trabalhos e na busca de qualidade dos mesmos. Mas há também necessidade de aprofundamento teórico-metodológico para uma produção do conhecimento em consonância com o Projeto Ético-Politico, o que supõe construção de vias de superação da sociabilidade capitalista

Ajuste preventivo versus ajuste corretivo no controle on-line de processo do número de não-conformidades num item inspecionado

In production lines, the entire process is bound to unexpected happenings which may cost losing the production quality. Thus, it means losses to the manufacturer. Identify such causes and remove them is the task of the processing management. The on-line control system consists of periodic inspection of every month produced item. Once any of those items is quali ed as not t, it is admitted that a change in the fraction of the items occurred, and then the process is stopped for adjustments. This work is an extension of Quinino & Ho (2010) and has as objective main to make the monitoramento in a process through the control on-line of quality for the number of non-conformities about the inspected item. The strategy of decision to verify if the process is under control, is directly associated to the limits of the graphic control of non-conformities of the process. A policy of preventive adjustments is incorporated in order to enlarge the conforming fraction of the process. With the help of the R software, a sensibility analysis of the proposed model is done showing in which situations it is most interesting to execute the preventive adjustment

Recuperação de sinais esparsos. Investigação numérica sobre a quantidade de medidas necessárias para recuperar um sinal esparso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Incorporação do vínculo de suavidade no ajuste de histórico de reservatórios de petróleo

The history match procedure in an oil reservoir is of paramount importance in order to obtain a characterization of the reservoir parameters (statics and dynamics) that implicates in a predict production more perfected. Throughout this process one can find reservoir model parameters which are able to reproduce the behaviour of a real reservoir.Thus, this reservoir model may be used to predict production and can aid the oil file management. During the history match procedure the reservoir model parameters are modified and for every new set of reservoir model parameters found, a fluid flow simulation is performed so that it is possible to evaluate weather or not this new set of parameters reproduces the observations in the actual reservoir. The reservoir is said to be matched when the discrepancies between the model predictions and the observations of the real reservoir are below a certain tolerance. The determination of the model parameters via history matching requires the minimisation of an objective function (difference between the observed and simulated productions according to a chosen norm) in a parameter space populated by many local minima. In other words, more than one set of reservoir model parameters fits the observation. With respect to the non-uniqueness of the solution, the inverse problem associated to history match is ill-posed. In order to reduce this ambiguity, it is necessary to incorporate a priori information and constraints in the model reservoir parameters to be determined. In this dissertation, the regularization of the inverse problem associated to the history match was performed via the introduction of a smoothness constraint in the following parameter: permeability and porosity. This constraint has geological bias of asserting that these two properties smoothly vary in space. In this sense, it is necessary to find the right relative weight of this constrain in the objective function that stabilizes the inversion and yet, introduces minimum bias. A sequential search method called COMPLEX was used to find the reservoir model parameters that best reproduce the observations of a semi-synthetic model. This method does not require the usage of derivatives when searching for the minimum of the objective function. Here, it is shown that the judicious introduction of the smoothness constraint in the objective function formulation reduces the associated ambiguity and introduces minimum bias in the estimates of permeability and porosity of the semi-synthetic reservoir model

A paisagem em foco: leituras fotográficas de jardim do Seridó-RN

Landscape one of the main concepts in Geography can be understood as social practice and also as a form of spatial representation. In any case, it is necessary to understand it not only by it s visual instance though its visual instance is an important part of its own identity , but also as a signifying system that produces meaning through many forms of representation. Within this framework, the photographic image is an alternative field for the building, elaboration, re-elaboration and perception of the landscape. Within this context, the main objective of this work is to produce an understanding of Jardim do Seridó s landscape through the reading of its simbolic text built through the photographs taken by José Modesto de Azevedo, a photographer well known as Zé Boinho , in the period from 1950 to 1980. The way in which a specific representation of a particular geography works within the photographic paradigm, considering the narrative construction of urban space and landscape, constitutes the framework from which the concept of landscape is built. So, this work has taken into consideration the writings of authors such as Aumont (1993), Dondis (1997), Cosgrove (1998), Duncan (2004) e Shama (1996), Castoriadis (1982), etc. Thus, this work aimed to highlight that the urban space photographs narrative built by Zé Boinho is an important alternative field for the understanding of how Jardim do Seridó s landscape became a symbolic representation for the collective imaginary of the city

Gestão do lazer: os grupos de pesquisa em foco

This qualitative study aimed to investigate the research groups that focus on leisure management in Brazil. A documentary research was developed in the databases of the Directory of Research Groups CNPq - Plataforma Lattes. The results evidenced 12 groups in different Brazilian regions, predominantly in South region and in Tourism field. The same region also concentrates the largest production of complete articles; however, the field of Production Engineering leads the number of specific researches on leisure management. It is suggested further initiatives in order to implement and efficiently cataloging and disseminating academic information about leisure management.

Método da histerese por auto-ajuste para minimização de esforço de controle no separador submarino VASPS

Neste trabalho apresenta-se o estudo do desenvolvimento de um controlador não-tradicional baseado em um mecanismo de histerese com auto-ajuste para o controle de nível de líquido de um sistema de separação e bombeio submarino conhecido como VASPS. O controlador desenvolvido gera sinais enviados para a bomba centrífuga submersa para controlar o nível de líquido no tanque do separador, evitando que ele atinja valores muito baixos que poderiam danificar a bomba ou valores muito altos que reduziriam a eficiência da separação líquido/gás. Os sinais de controle gerados pelo controlador visam solicitar a bomba o mínimo possível de modo a evitar o seu desgaste e falhas prematuras. Nas simulações, o controlador desenvolvido foi testado sob grandes variações nas condições de operação, tais como golfadas, produzindo resultados bastante satisfatórios e promissores.

Comparação do ajuste dos modelos de morgan-mercer-flodin e de johnson-mehl-avrami na reação de precipitação na liga cu-3%al-5%ag

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O gerenciamento do erro em aulas de inglês como língua estrangeira: um estudo com foco na produção oral

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de se investigar o gerenciamento do erro em aulas de inglês como língua estrangeira e suas implicações para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. em sua primeira etapa, a investigação buscou (a) verificar como os participantes da pesquisa vivenciavam o erro e a correção, (b) descrever as principais características das interlínguas dos aprendizes naquele momento. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, desenvolveu-se uma proposta de intervenção e tratamento dos erros mais recorrentes, por meio da qual se pretendia implementar ações pedagógicas com foco na forma (FonF) que promovessem a negociação de determinados aspectos lingüísticos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, questionários, gravações audiovisuais, observações das aulas, notas de campo transformadas em diários, sessões de visionamento com os aprendizes e de discussão com a professora participante, num processo cíclico e contínuo, a fim de se embasarem as decisões referentes ao processo interventivo. Verificou-se que os movimentos corretivos empregados para promover momentos de negociação da forma se mostraram uma importante ferramenta no tratamento dos erros por ajudarem os aprendizes a perceberem lacunas em suas interlínguas e a se esforçarem para refazer suas produções consideradas imprecisas. Nesse esforço, observou-se a importância do papel do professor ao fornecer os andaimes necessários para que cada aprendiz pudesse se monitorar. Considerou-se, também, a relevância do aspecto complementar entre os dois focos - foco na forma x foco na mensagem para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de língua estrangeira por instrução.

Curvas de lactação em rebanhos da raça holandesa no estado de Minas Gerais. Escolha do modelo de melhor ajuste

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelo de Gompertz com sazonalidade e autocorrelação nos erros para ajuste do crescimento ponderal em vaca leiteira

In recent work (Kroll, 1990) on dairy cattle growth using its monthly weights, a Gompertz function, first considering the autocorrelated error structure, and second, the independent error structure, was fitted. The last explained 25% more of the total variance than the former. In this work, a Gompertz function was fitted with autocorrelated error structure adding seasonality to the model. This was suggested taking into account the time series autocorrelation function. In order to estimate the six parameters, an iterative procedure was used, employing a matrix X = [G\S], where G is the usual matrix for fitting the Gompertz function, and S is a 0s, 1s, -1s matrix necessary to take into account seasonality. With this model, the adjustment was better in terms of the coefficient determination.

Relação do perímetro escrotal com a média de peso do grupo contemporâneo para estimação de um modelo de ajuste

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modelación para ajuste de la curva de lactación usando función lineal, no lineal y polinomios segmentados en ganados con alto grado de sangre Brown Swiss

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)