The AstraZeneca Case. Research Papers in Law, 4/2007

Introduction. On June 2005, after a five year investigation, the Commission imposed a 60 millions euros fine on AstraZeneca (hereinafter AZ) for having abused its dominant position in several Member States in the market for proton-pump inhibitors (PPI)2. It was alleged that AZ misused the patent system and procedures for marketing pharmaceuticals to block or delay the entry of generic competitors and parallel traders to its ulcer drug Losec3. This decision is a seminal one. The political and legal importance of the CFI judgment that will review the case (and the ECJ appeal that is likely to follow) cannot be understated. On the one hand the incentive to innovate and to undertake R&D is at stake, on the other, the uncertain boundaries between competition and intellectual property law should once again be explored. In contrast to the US, where many cases concerning the abuse of regulatory and governmental procedures have already been dealt with competition authorities and courts, it is the first time in Europe that such conduct is subject to scrutiny through an anti-trust lens. Moreover, following the appeal brought by AZ against the Commission decision, the CFI will be confronted for the first time with an abuse of a dominant position in the pharmaceutical sector, which explains why this judgment is eagerly anticipated4.

Antitrust on the ‘G string’: What’s behind the Commission’s investigations of Google and Gazprom? CEPS Commentary, 15 June 2015

The past few weeks have marked a shift of gear in EU antitrust enforcement. First, the new European Commissioner for Competition Margarethe Vestager announced on April 15th that the Commission had sent a Statement of Objections to Google, arguing that the giant IT company abused its dominant position in the “general Internet search” market and also in the market for mobile operating systems, apps and services. Exactly one week later, she also sent a Statement of Objections to Gazprom for having created artificial barriers to trade between certain EU countries, preventing gas flows and competition across national borders and charging unfair prices in five Central and Eastern European countries. It is indeed hard to recall any other time in which two investigations of this size – both potentially leading to billions of euros of fines – have been launched almost simultaneously.

Comportamentos agressivos no jardim-de-infância

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Santarém para obtenção do grau de mestre em Educação Pré-escolar

Rolfe's Shakespeare /

Another ed. issued simultaneously, with flexible cloth binding (12mo), in series: English classics.

Treating family violence in a pediatric hospital : a program of training, research and services /

Shipping list no.: 88-77-P.

Shakspere quarto facsimiles /

--v. 25 Romeo and Juliet; the 1st quarto, 1597.--v. 26 Romeo and Juliet; the 2nd quarto, 1599.--v. 27 King Henry V; the 1st quarto, 1600.--v. 28 King Henry V; the 3rd quarto, 1608.--v. 29 Titus Andronicus; the 1st quarto, 1600.--v. 30 Sonnets; the 1st quarto, 1609.--v. 31 Othello; the 1st quarto, 1622.--v. 32 Othello, the 2nd quarto, 1630.--v. 33 King Lear; the 1st quarto, 1608.--v. 34 King Lear; the 2nd quarto, 1608.--v. 35 Lucrece; the 1st quarto, 1594.--v. 36 Romeo and Juliet; the undated quarto.--v. 37 First part of the Contention; the 1st quarto, 1594.--v. 38 True tragedy; the 1st quarto, 1595.--v. 39 Famous victories of Henry the fifth; the earliest known quarto, 1598.--v. 40-41 The troublesome raigne of John, king of England; the 1st quarto, 1591.--v. 42 Richard the third; the 3rd quarto 1602.--v. 43 Richard the third; the 6th quarto, 1622.

The century Shakespeare.

T.p. in green and black; illustrated lining papers.

Letters and memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle /

Mode of access: Internet.

The complete works of William Shakespeare in ten volumes /

v. 5. First part of King Henry VI. Second part of King Henry VI. Third part of King Henry VI. King Richard III. King Henry VIII.--v. 6. Troilus and Cressida. Coriolanus. Titus Andronicus. Romeo and Juliet.--v. 7. Timon of Athens. Julius Caesar. Macbeth. Hamlet.--v. 8. King Lear. Othello. Antony and Cleopatra. Cymbeline.--v. 9. Pericles. The two noble kinsmen. Venus and Adonis. Lucrece. Sonnets. A lover's complaint. The passionate pilgrim. The phoenix and turtle.--v. 10. Glossary to Shakespeare.

East Lynne; a drama in five acts, adapted from the famous novel of that name,

Mode of access: Internet.

The plays of William Shakspeare : in miniature.

v. l. The tempest. The two gentlemen of Verona. The merry wives of Windsor. Twelfth night.--v. 2. Measure for measure. Much ado about nothing. Midsummer night's dream. Love's labour's lost.--v. 3. The merchant of Venice. As you like it. All's well that ends well. The taming of the shrew.--v. 4. Winter's tale. Comedy of errors. Macbeth. Timon of Athens. King John.--v. 5. King Richard II. King Henry IV, parts 1-2. King Henry V.--v. 6. King Henry VI, parts 1-3. King Richard III.--v. 7. King Henry VIII. Troilus and Cressida. Coriolanus. Hamlet.--v. 8. Julius Cæsar. Antony and Cleopatra. Cymbeline. Romeo and Juliet.--v. 9. Titus Andronicus. Pericles. King Lear. Othello. Glossary.

The works of Shakespeare ...

Vols. 5, 18, 30 are 1st ed.; vols. 3, 8, 9, 21, 27, 29, 39 are 2d ed.; v. 17 is 3d ed.; v. 7 is 5th ed.

The works of William Makepeace Thackeray;

Each volume has special t.-p.

The works of William Shakespeare : the plays edited from the folio of MDCXXIII, with various readings from all the editions and all the commentators, notes, introductory remarks, a historical sketch of the text, an account of the rise and progress of the English drama, a memoir of the poet, and an essay upon his genius /

Publisher's advertisement (12 p.) at beginning of v. 2.

The champagne standard,

The champagne standard.--American wives and English housekeeping.--Kitchen comedies.--Entertaining.--Temporary power.--The extravagant economy of women.--A modern tendency.--A plea for women architecs.--The electric age.-- Gunpowder or toothpowder.--The pleasure of patriotism.--Romance and eyeglasses.--The plague of music.--A domestic danger.--A study of frivolity.-- On taking oneself seriously.--Soft-soap.