A cognitive hierarchy model of behavior in the action commitment game

We apply the cognitive hierarchy model of Camerer et al. (Q J Econ 119(3):861-898, 2004)-where players have different levels of reasoning-to Huck et al. (Games Econ Behav 38:240-264, 2002) discrete version of Hamilton and Slutsky (Games Econ Behav 2:29-46, 1990) action commitment game-a duopoly with endogenous timing of entry. We show that, for an empirically reasonable average number of thinking steps, the model rules out Stackelberg equilibria, generates Cournot outcomes including delay, and outcomes where the first mover commits to a quantity higher than Cournot but lower than Stackelberg leader. We show that a cognitive hierarchy model with quantal responses can explain the most important features of the experimental data on the action commitment game in (2002). In order to gauge the success of the model in fitting the data, we compare it to a noisy Nash model. We find that the cognitive hierarchy model with quantal responses fits the data better than the noisy Nash model.

Weight filtration on the cohomology of complex analytic spaces

We extend Deligne's weight filtration to the integer cohomology of complex analytic spaces (endowed with an equivalence class of compactifications). In general, the weight filtration that we obtain is not part of a mixed Hodge structure. Our purely geometric proof is based on cubical descent for resolution of singularities and Poincar��-Verdier duality. Using similar techniques, we introduce the singularity filtration on the cohomology of compactificable analytic spaces. This is a new and natural analytic invariant which does not depend on the equivalence class of compactifications and is related to the weight filtration.

The supermassive binary black hole system OJ287

Abstract This doctoral thesis concerns the active galactic nucleus (AGN) most often referred to with the catalogue number OJ287. The publications in the thesis present new discoveries of the system in the context of a supermassive binary black hole model. In addition, the introduction discusses general characteristics of the OJ287 system and the physical fundamentals behind these characteristics. The place of OJ287 in the hierarchy of known types of AGN is also discussed. The introduction presents a large selection of fundamental physics required to have a basic understanding of active galactic nuclei, binary black holes, relativistic jets and accretion disks. Particularly the general relativistic nature of the orbits of close binaries of supermassive black holes is explored with some detail. Analytic estimates of some of the general relativistic effects in such a binary are presented, as well as numerical methods to calculate the effects more precisely. It is also shown how these results can be applied to the OJ287 system. The binary orbit model forms the basis for models of the recurring optical outbursts in the OJ287 system. In the introduction, two physical outburst models are presented in some detail and compared. The radiation hydrodynamics of the outbursts are discussed and optical light curve predictions are derived. The precursor outbursts studied in Paper III are also presented, and tied into the model of OJ287. To complete the discussion of the observable features of OJ287, the nature of the relativistic jets in the system, and in active galactic nuclei in general, is discussed. Basic physics of relativistic jets are presented, with additional detail added in the form of helical jet models. The results of Papers II, IV and V concerning the jet of OJ287 are presented, and their relation to other facets of the binary black hole model is discussed. As a whole, the introduction serves as a guide, though terse, for the physics and numerical methods required to successfully understand and simulate a close binary of supermassive black holes. For this purpose, the introduction necessarily combines a large number of both fundamental and specific results from broad disciplines like general relativity and radiation hydrodynamics. With the material included in the introduction, the publications of the thesis, which present new results with a much narrower focus, can be readily understood. Of the publications, Paper I presents newly discovered optical data points for OJ287, detected on archival astronomical plates from the Harvard College Observatory. These data points show the 1900 outburst of OJ287 for the first time. In addition, new data points covering the 1913 outburst allowed the determination of the start of the outburst with more precision than was possible before. These outbursts were then successfully numerically modelled with an N-body simulation of the OJ287 binary and accretion disc. In Paper II, mechanisms for the spin-up of the secondary black hole in OJ287 via interaction with the primary accretion disc and the magnetic fields in the system are discussed. Timescales for spin-up and alignment via both processes are estimated. It is found that the secondary black hole likely has a high spin. Paper III reports a new outburst of OJ287 in March 2013. The outburst was found to be rather similar to the ones reported in 1993 and 2004. All these outbursts happened just before the main outburst season, and are called precursor outbursts. In this paper, a mechanism was proposed for the precursor outbursts, where the secondary black hole collides with a gas cloud in the primary accretion disc corona. From this, estimates of brightness and timescales for the precursor were derived, as well as a prediction of the timing of the next precursor outburst. In Paper IV, observations from the 2004���2006 OJ287 observing program are used to investigate the existence of short periodicities in OJ287. The existence of a _50 day quasiperiodic component is confirmed. In addition, statistically significant 250 day and 3.5 day periods are found. Primary black hole accretion of a spiral density wave in the accretion disc is proposed as the source of the 50 day period, with numerical simulations supporting these results. Lorentz contracted jet re-emission is then proposed as the reason for the 3.5 day timescale. Paper V fits optical observations and mm and cm radio observations of OJ287 with a helical jet model. The jet is found to have a spine���sheath structure, with the sheath having a much lower Lorentz gamma factor than the spine. The sheath opening angle and Lorentz factor, as well as the helical wavelength of the jet are reported for the first time. Tiivistelm�� T��ss�� v��it��skirjatutkimuksessa on keskitytty tutkimaan aktiivista galaksiydint�� OJ287. V��it��skirjan osana olevat tieteelliset julkaisut esittelev��t OJ287-systeemist�� saatuja uusia tuloksia kaksoismusta-aukkomallin kontekstissa. V��it��skirjan johdannossa k��sitell����n OJ287:n yleisi�� ominaisuuksia ja niit�� fysikaalisia perusilmi��it��, jotka n��iden ominaisuuksien taustalla vaikuttavat. Johdanto selvitt���� my��s OJ287-j��rjestelm��n sijoittumisen aktiivisten galaksiytimien hierarkiassa. Johdannossa k��yd����n l��pi joitakin perusfysiikan tuloksia, jotka ovat tarpeen aktiivisten galaksiydinten, mustien aukkojen bin����rien, relativististen suihkujen ja kertym��kiekkojen ymm��rt��miseksi. Kahden toisiaan kiert��v��n mustan aukon keskin��isen radan suhteellisuusteoreettiset perusteet k��yd����n l��pi yksityiskohtaisemmin. Johdannossa esitet����n joitakin analyyttisi�� tuloksia t��llaisessa bin����riss�� havaittavista suhteellisuusteoreettisista ilmi��ist��. My��s numeerisia menetelmi�� n��iden ilmi��iden tarkempaan laskemiseen esitell����n. Tuloksia sovelletaan OJ287-systeemiin, ja verrataan havaintoihin. OJ287:n mustien aukkojen ratamalli muodostaa pohjan systeemin toistuvien optisten purkausten malleille. Johdannossa esitell����n yksityiskohtaisemmin kaksi fysikaalista purkausmallia, ja vertaillaan niit��. Purkausten s��teilyhydrodynamiikka k��yd����n l��pi, ja my��s ennusteet purkausten valok��yrille johdetaan. Johdannossa esitell����n my��s Julkaisussa III johdettu prekursoripurkausten malli, ja osoitetaan sen sopivan yhteen OJ287:n bin����rimallin kanssa. Johdanto esittelee my��s relativististen suihkujen fysiikkaa sek�� OJ287- systeemiin liittyen ett�� aktiivisten galaksiydinten kontekstissa yleisesti. Relativististen suihkujen perusfysiikka esitell����n, kuten my��s malleja kierteisist�� suihkuista. Julkaisujen II, IV ja V OJ287-systeemin suihkuja koskevat tulokset esitell����n bin����rimallin kontekstissa. Kokonaisuutena johdanto palvelee suppeana oppaana, joka esittelee tarvittavan fysiikan ja tarpeelliset numeeriset menetelm��t mustien aukkojen bin����rij��rjestelm��n ymm��rt��miseen ja simulointiin. T��t�� tarkoitusta varten johdanto yhdist���� sek�� perustuloksia ett�� joitakin syv��llisempi�� tuloksia laajoilta fysiikan osa-alueilta kuten suhteellisuusteoriasta ja s��teilyhydrodynamiikasta. Johdannon sis��lt��m��n materiaalin avulla v��it��skirjan julkaisut, ja niiden esitt��m��t tulokset, ovat hyvin ymm��rrett��viss��. V��it��skirjan julkaisuista ensimm��inen esittelee uusia OJ287-systeemist�� saatuja havaintopisteit��, jotka on paikallistettu Harvardin yliopiston observatorion arkiston valokuvauslevyilt��. OJ287:n vuonna 1900 tapahtunut purkaus n��hd����n ensimm��ist�� kertaa n��iss�� havaintopisteiss��. Uudet havaintopisteet mahdollistivat my��s vuoden 1913 purkauksen alun ajoittamisen tarkemmin kuin aiemmin oli mahdollista. Havaitut purkaukset mallinnettiin onnistuneesti simuloimalla OJ287-j��rjestelm��n mustien aukkojen paria ja kertym��kiekkoa. Julkaisussa II k��sitell����n mekanismeja OJ287:n sekund����risen mustan aukon spinin kasvamiseen vuorovaikutuksessa prim����rin kertym��kiekon ja systeemin magneettikenttien kanssa. Julkaisussa arvioidaan maksimispinin saavuttamisen ja spinin suunnan vakiintumisen aikaskaalat kummallakin mekanismilla. Tutkimuksessa havaitaan sekund����rin spinin olevan todenn��k��isesti suuri. Julkaisu III esittelee OJ287-systeemiss�� maaliskuussa 2013 tapahtuneen purkauksen. Purkauksen havaittiin muistuttavan vuosina 1993 ja 2004 tapahtuneita purkauksia, joita kutsutaan yhteisnimityksell�� prekursoripurkaus (precursor outburst). Julkaisussa esitell����n purkauksen synnylle mekanismi, jossa OJ287-systeemin sekund����rinen musta aukko osuu prim����risen mustan aukon kertym��kiekon koronassa olevaan kaasupilveen. Mekanismin avulla johdetaan arviot prekursoripurkausten kirkkaudelle ja aikaskaalalle. Julkaisussa johdetaan my��s ennuste seuraavan prekursoripurkauksen ajankohdalle. Julkaisussa IV k��ytet����n vuosina 2004���2006 ker��ttyj�� havaintoja OJ287- systeemist�� lyhyiden jaksollisuuksien etsint����n. Julkaisussa varmennetaan systeemiss�� esiintyv�� n. 50 p��iv��n kvasiperiodisuus. Lis��ksi tilastollisesti merkitt��v��t 250 p��iv��n ja 3,5 p��iv��n jaksollisuudet havaitaan. Julkaisussa esitet����n malli, jossa prim����risen mustan aukon kertym��kiekossa oleva spiraalitiheysaalto aiheuttaa 50 p��iv��n jaksollisuuden. Mallista tehty numeerinen simulaatio tukee tulosta. Systeemin relativistisen suihkun emittoima aikadilatoitunut s��teily esitet����n aiheuttajaksi 3,5 p��iv��n jaksollisuusaikaskaalalle. Julkaisussa V sovitetaan kierresuihkumalli OJ287-systeemist�� tehtyihin optisiin havaintoihin ja millimetri- sek�� senttimetriaallonpituuden radiohavaintoihin. Suihkun rakenteen havaitaan olevan kaksijakoinen ja koostuvan ytimest�� ja kuoresta. Suihkun kuorella on merkitt��v��sti pienempi Lorentzin gamma-tekij�� kuin suihkun ytimell��. Kuoren avautumiskulma ja Lorentztekij�� sek�� suihkun kierteen aallonpituus raportoidaan julkaisussa ensimm��ist�� kertaa.

Analytic evaluation of three-phase short circuit demagnetization and hysteresis loss risk in rotor-surface-magnet Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines

Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) have become widely used in applications because of high efficiency compared to synchronous machines with exciting winding or to induction motors. This feature of PMSM is achieved through the using the permanent magnets (PM) as the main excitation source. The magnetic properties of the PM have significant influence on all the PMSM characteristics. Recent observations of the PM material properties when used in rotating machines revealed that in all PMSMs the magnets do not necessarily operate in the second quadrant of the demagnetization curve which makes the magnets prone to hysteresis losses. Moreover, still no good analytical approach has not been derived for the magnetic flux density distribution along the PM during the different short circuits faults. The main task of this thesis is to derive simple analytical tool which can predict magnetic flux density distribution along the rotor-surface mounted PM in two cases: during normal operating mode and in the worst moment of time from the PM���s point of view of the three phase symmetrical short circuit. The surface mounted PMSMs were selected because of their prevalence and relatively simple construction. The proposed model is based on the combination of two theories: the theory of the magnetic circuit and space vector theory. The comparison of the results in case of the normal operating mode obtained from finite element software with the results calculated with the proposed model shows good accuracy of model in the parts of the PM which are most of all prone to hysteresis losses. The comparison of the results for three phase symmetrical short circuit revealed significant inaccuracy of the proposed model compared with results from finite element software. The analysis of the inaccuracy reasons was provided. The impact on the model of the Carter factor theory and assumption that air have permeability of the PM were analyzed. The propositions for the further model development are presented.

Teollisuusvaihteiden kunnossapitopalvelun arvoelementit

Tutkimusongelmana oli tiedon lis����minen teollisuusvaihteiden kunnossapitopal-veluiden asiakasarvon muodostumiseen liittyen. Ty��n tavoitteena oli arviointi-mallin rakentaminen asiakasarvon osatekij��iden selvitt��miseksi sek�� niiden t��r-keysj��rjestykseen saamiseksi. Tutkimusongelmaa l��hestyttiin kolmesta teo-rian��k��kulmasta: (1) Arvo-k��sitteen ja arvoon l��heisesti kytk��ksiss�� olevista suorituskyvyn osatekij��iden m����rittelyst��, (2) kunnossapidon merkityksest�� ja roolista yrityksen liiketoiminnassa ja (3) asiakas-toimittaja ���suhteen merkityk-sest�� asiakasarvon muodostumisessa. Teorian��k��kulmien pohjalta muodostettiin teollisuusvaihteiden kunnossapidon viitekehykseen sopiva arvohierarkia, jonka osatekij��iden, arvoelementtien, yhteisvaikutuksesta kunnossapitopalvelun asia-kasarvo syntyy. Ty��n empiriaosuudessa mallia testattiin k��yt��nn��ss��. Hierarkian arvoelementtien t��rkeysj��rjestyksen ja kaikille asiakkaille yhteisten arvoelementtien l��yt��miseksi k��ytettiin Analyyttisen hierarkiaprosessin (AHP) menetelm���� osana asiakasryh-m��haastatteluita. Haastattelut toteutettiin t��sm��ryhm��haastatteluina ja haastatel-tavat ryhm��t koostuivat haastatteluihin valittujen asiakkaiden kunnossapidon vastuuhenkil��ist��. Tutkimustuloksina havaittiin, ett�� asiakaskohtaiset arvoelementit ja niiden t��rke-ysj��rjestys saadaan mallin avulla esiin, mutta asiakaskohtaiset erot arvon muo-dostumisessa ovat suuria. Asiakasarvoon vaikuttavien taustatekij��iden, ainakin yhteisty��suhteen tason ja vaihdannan kohteena olevien palveluiden tason, havait-tiin selitt��v��n osaltaan eroja asiakkaiden v��lill��. Lis��ksi teollisen kunnossapidon toimintaymp��rist��n dynaaminen luonne, jossa eri osatekij��iden keskin��iset riip-puvuussuhteet muuttuvat koko ajan, olisi kyett��v�� huomioimaan my��s asia-kasarvon muodostumisen arvioinnissa.

Intelligence acquisition methods in cyber domain : examining the circumstantial applicability of cyber intelligence acquisition methods using a hierarchical model

Phenomena in cyber domain, especially threats to security and privacy, have proven an increasingly heated topic addressed by different writers and scholars at an increasing pace ��� both nationally and internationally. However little public research has been done on the subject of cyber intelligence. The main research question of the thesis was: To what extent is the applicability of cyber intelligence acquisition methods circumstantial? The study was conducted in sequential a manner, starting with defining the concept of intelligence in cyber domain and identifying its key attributes, followed by identifying the range of intelligence methods in cyber domain, criteria influencing their applicability, and types of operatives utilizing cyber intelligence. The methods and criteria were refined into a hierarchical model. The existing conceptions of cyber intelligence were mapped through an extensive literature study on a wide variety of sources. The established understanding was further developed through 15 semi-structured interviews with experts of different backgrounds, whose wide range of points of view proved to substantially enhance the perspective on the subject. Four of the interviewed experts participated in a relatively extensive survey based on the constructed hierarchical model on cyber intelligence that was formulated in to an AHP hierarchy and executed in the Expert Choice Comparion online application. It was concluded that Intelligence in cyber domain is an endorsing, cross-cutting intelligence discipline that adds value to all aspects of conventional intelligence and furthermore that it bears a substantial amount of characteristic traits ��� both advantageous and disadvantageous ��� and furthermore that the applicability of cyber intelligence methods is partly circumstantially limited.

Suitability of LiDAR technology for forest inventory in Russia

LiDAR is an advanced remote sensing technology with many applications, including forest inventory. The most common type is ALS (airborne laser scanning). The method is successfully utilized in many developed markets, where it is replacing traditional forest inventory methods. However, it is innovative for Russian market, where traditional field inventory dominates. ArboLiDAR is a forest inventory solution that engages LiDAR, color infrared imagery, GPS ground control plots and field sample plots, developed by Arbonaut Ltd. This study is an industrial market research for LiDAR technology in Russia focused on customer needs. Russian forestry market is very attractive, because of large growing stock volumes. It underwent drastic changes in 2006, but it is still in transitional stage. There are several types of forest inventory, both with public and private funding. Private forestry enterprises basically need forest inventory in two cases ��� while making coupe demarcation before timber harvesting and as a part of forest management planning, that is supposed to be done every ten years on the whole leased territory. The study covered 14 companies in total that include private forestry companies with timber harvesting activities, private forest inventory providers, state subordinate companies and forestry software developer. The research strategy is multiple case studies with semi-structured interviews as the main data collection technique. The study focuses on North-West Russia, as it is the most developed Russian region in forestry. The research applies the Voice of the Customer (VOC) concept to elicit customer needs of Russian forestry actors and discovers how these needs are met. It studies forest inventory methods currently applied in Russia and proposes the model of method comparison, based on Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach, mainly on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Required product attributes are classified in accordance with Kano model. The answer about suitability of LiDAR technology is ambiguous, since many details should be taken into account.

Utilizing analytic modelling process in industrial retail context

Nykyp��iv��n monimutkaisessa ja ep��vakaassa liiketoimintaymp��rist��ss�� yritykset, jotka kykenev��t muuttamaan tuottamansa operatiivisen datan tietovarastoiksi, voivat saavuttaa merkitt��v���� kilpailuetua. Ennustavan analytiikan hy��dynt��minen tulevien trendien ennakointiin mahdollistaa yritysten tunnistavan avaintekij��it��, joiden avulla he pystyv��t erottumaan kilpailijoistaan. Ennustavan analytiikan hy��dynt��minen osana p����t��ksentekoprosessia mahdollistaa ketter��mm��n, reaaliaikaisen p����t��ksenteon. T��m��n diplomity��n tarkoituksena on koota teoreettinen viitekehys analytiikan mallintamisesta liike-el��m��n loppuk��ytt��j��n n��k��kulmasta ja hy��dynt���� t��t�� mallinnusprosessia diplomity��n tapaustutkimuksen yritykseen. Teoreettista mallia hy��dynnettiin asiakkuuksien mallintamisessa sek�� tunnistamalla ennakoivia tekij��it�� myynnin ennustamiseen. Ty�� suoritettiin suomalaiseen teollisten suodattimien tukkukauppaan, jolla on liiketoimintaa Suomessa, Ven��j��ll�� ja Balteissa. T��m�� tutkimus on m����r��llinen tapaustutkimus, jossa t��rkeimp��n�� tiedonkeruumenetelm��n�� k��ytettiin tapausyrityksen transaktiodataa. Data ty��h��n saatiin yrityksen toiminnanohjausj��rjestelm��st��.

Hierarchy and Expansiveness in Two-Dimensional Subshifts of Finite Type

Subshifts are sets of con���gurations over an in���nite grid de���ned by a set of forbidden patterns. In this thesis, we study two-dimensional subshifts of���nite type (2D SFTs), where the underlying grid is Z2 and the set of for-bidden patterns is ���nite. We are mainly interested in the interplay between the computational power of 2D SFTs and their geometry, examined through the concept of expansive subdynamics. 2D SFTs with expansive directions form an interesting and natural class of subshifts that lie between dimensions 1 and 2. An SFT that has only one non-expansive direction is called extremely expansive. We prove that in many aspects, extremely expansive 2D SFTs display the totality of behaviours of general 2D SFTs. For example, we construct an aperiodic extremely expansive 2D SFT and we prove that the emptiness problem is undecidable even when restricted to the class of extremely expansive 2D SFTs. We also prove that every Medvedev class contains an extremely expansive 2D SFT and we provide a characterization of the sets of directions that can be the set of non-expansive directions of a 2D SFT. Finally, we prove that for every computable sequence of 2D SFTs with an expansive direction, there exists a universal object that simulates all of the elements of the sequence. We use the so called hierarchical, self-simulating or ���xed-point method for constructing 2D SFTs which has been previously used by Ga��cs, Durand, Romashchenko and Shen.

How health organizations can apply scenario based planning and analytic technologies to make strategic consequential decisions in a time of uncertainty

The magnitude of the cervical cancer problem, coupled with the potential for prevention with recent technological advances, made it imperative to step back and reassess strategic options for dealing with cervical cancer screening in Kenya. The purpose of this qualitative study was: 1) to explore the extent to which the Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology and the Scenario Based Planning (SBP) method, with the application of analytics, could enable strategic, consequential, informed decision making, and 2) to determine how influential Kenyan decision makers could apply SBP with analytic tools and techniques to make strategic, consequential decisions regarding the implementation of a Cervical Self Sampling Program (CSSP) in both urban and rural settings. The theoretical paradigm for this study was action research; it was experiential, practical, and action oriented, and resulted in co-created knowledge that influenced study participants��� decision making. Action Africa Help International (AAHI) and Brock University collaborated with Local Decision Influencing Participants (LDIP���s) to develop innovative strategies on how to implement the CSSP. SBP tools, along with traditional approaches to data collection and analysis, were applied to collect, visualize and analyze predominately qualitative data. Outputs from the study included: a) a generic implementation scenario for a CSSP (along with scenarios unique to urban and rural settings), and b) 10 strategic directions and 22 supporting implementation strategies that address the variables of: 1) technical viability, 2) political support, 3) affordability, 4) logistical feasibility, 5) social acceptability, and 6) transformation/sustainability. In addition, study participants��� capacity to effectively engage in predictive/prescriptive strategic decision making was strengthened.

An elementary treatise on analytic geometry, embracing plane geometry and an introduction to geometry of threee dimensions with numerous examples.

UANL

Characterization of the unfolding of a weak focus and modulus of analytic classification

La th��se pr��sente une description g��om��trique d���un germe de famille g��n��rique d��ployant un champ de vecteurs r��el analytique avec un foyer faible �� l���origine et son complexifi�� : le feuilletage holomorphe singulier associ��. On montre que deux germes de telles familles sont orbitalement analytiquement ��quivalents si et seulement si les germes de familles de diff��omorphismes d��ployant la complexification de leurs fonctions de retour de Poincar�� sont conjugu��es par une conjugaison analytique r��elle. Le ���caract��re r��el��� de la famille correspond �� sa Z2-��quivariance dans R^4, et cela s���exprime comme l���invariance du plan r��el sous le flot du syst��me laquelle, �� son tour, entra��ne que l���expansion asymptotique de la fonction de Poincar�� est r��elle quand le param��tre est r��el. Le pullback du plan r��el apr��s ��clatement par la projection monoidal standard intersecte le feuilletage en une bande de M��bius r��elle. La technique d�����clatement des singularit��s permet aussi de donner une r��ponse �� la question de la ���r��alisation��� d���un germe de famille d��ployant un germe de diff��omorphisme avec un point fixe de multiplicateur ��gal �� ���1 et de codimension un comme application de semi-monodromie d���une famille g��n��rique d��ployant un foyer faible d���ordre un. Afin d�����tudier l���espace des orbites de l���application de Poincar��, nous utilisons le point de vue de Glutsyuk, puisque la dynamique est lin��arisable aupr��s des points singuliers : pour les valeurs r��els du param��tre, notre d��marche, classique, utilise une m��thode g��om��trique, soit un changement de coordon��e (coordon��e ���d��roulante���) dans lequel la dynamique devient beaucoup plus simple. Mais le prix �� payer est que la g��om��trie locale du plan complexe ambiante devient une surface de Riemann, sur laquelle deux notions de translation sont d��finies. Apr��s avoir pris le quotient par le rel��vement de la dynamique nous obtenons l���espace des orbites, ce qui s���av��re ��tre l���union de trois tores complexes plus les points singuliers (l���espace r��sultant est non-Hausdorff). Les translations, le caract��re r��el de l���application de Poincar�� et le fait que cette application est un carr�� relient les diff��rentes composantes du ���module de Glutsyuk���. Cette propri��t�� implique donc le fait qu���une seule composante de l���invariant Glutsyuk est ind��pendante.

Les victimisations et les cons��quences de la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique selon les Afro-descendants

La traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique n���ont jamais ��t�� ��tudi��s d���un point de vue criminologique. En fait, �� part l���histoire, peu de disciplines des sciences sociales et humaines se sont int��ress��es aux ��v��nements qui constituent la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique. Toutefois, de r��centes recherches commencent �� se pencher sur les s��quelles r��sultant des multiples victimisations (agressions physiques et psychologiques) subies par les Noirs durant la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique. Nous postulons que la criminologie peut ��galement contribuer �� une meilleure compr��hension de ces ��v��nements. Ainsi, cette ��tude vise �� sonder les perceptions des Afro-descendants sur les victimisations et les cons��quences de la traite et de l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique. L���analyse des entretiens r��alis��s d��montrent clairement que la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique n���appartiennent pas seulement au pass��. Au contraire, la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique restent pr��sents dans les esprits et les c��urs. Ils sont surtout per��us comme une source de victimisations actuelles touchant la communaut�� africaine et antillaise tels que la faible confiance en soi, la faible estime de soi, la hi��rarchie de la couleur, le racisme interne���Aussi, tous les r��pondants plaident pour au moins une forme de r��paration (p��cuniaire et mon��taire, ��thique ou politique, historique, ��ducative, psychologique, diplomatique) des cons��quences de la traite et l���esclavage n��griers transatlantique. Les entrevues mettent ��galement en ��vidence une division dans les repr��sentations bas��es sur la version (fonctionnaliste ou intentionnaliste) de cette histoire, ainsi que des diff��rences de repr��sentations selon le groupe ethnique d���appartenance (Africain ou Antillais).

Unfolded singularities of analytic differential equations

La th��se est compos��e d���un chapitre de pr��liminaires et de deux articles sur le sujet du d��ploiement de singularit��s d�����quations diff��rentielles ordinaires analytiques dans le plan complexe. L���article Analytic classification of families of linear differential systems unfolding a resonant irregular singularity traite le probl��me de l�����quivalence analytique de familles param��triques de syst��mes lin��aires en dimension 2 qui d��ploient une singularit�� r��sonante g��n��rique de rang de Poincar�� 1 dont la matrice principale est compos��e d���un seul bloc de Jordan. La question: quand deux telles familles sontelles ��quivalentes au moyen d���un changement analytique de coordonn��es au voisinage d���une singularit��? est compl��tement r��solue et l���espace des modules des classes d�����quivalence analytiques est d��crit en termes d���un ensemble d���invariants formels et d���un invariant analytique, obtenu �� partir de la trace de la monodromie. Des d��ploiements universels sont donn��s pour toutes ces singularit��s. Dans l���article Confluence of singularities of non-linear differential equations via Borel���Laplace transformations on cherche des solutions born��es de syst��mes param��triques des ��quations non-lin��aires de la vari��t�� centre de dimension 1 d���une singularit�� col-noeud d��ploy��e dans une famille de champs vectoriels complexes. En g��n��ral, un syst��me d�����DO analytiques avec une singularit�� double poss��de une unique solution formelle divergente au voisinage de la singularit��, �� laquelle on peut associer des vraies solutions sur certains secteurs dans le plan complexe en utilisant les transformations de Borel���Laplace. L���article montre comment g��n��raliser cette m��thode et d��ployer les solutions sectorielles. On construit des solutions de syst��mes param��triques, avec deux singularit��s r��guli��res d��ployant une singularit�� irr��guli��re double, qui sont born��es sur des domaines ��spirals�� attach��s aux deux points singuliers, et qui, �� la limite, convergent vers une paire de solutions sectorielles couvrant un voisinage de la singularit�� confluente. La m��thode apporte une description unifi��e pour toutes les valeurs du param��tre.