Monsoon circulation interaction with Western Ghats orography under changing climate - Projection by a 20-km mesh AGCM

In this study, the authors have investigated the likely future changes in the summer monsoon over the Western Ghats (WG) orographic region of India in response to global warming, using time-slice simulations of an ultra high-resolution global climate model and climate datasets of recent past. The model with approximately 20-km mesh horizontal resolution resolves orographic features on finer spatial scales leading to a quasi-realistic simulation of the spatial distribution of the present-day summer monsoon rainfall over India and trends in monsoon rainfall over the west coast of India. As a result, a higher degree of confidence appears to emerge in many aspects of the 20-km model simulation, and therefore, we can have better confidence in the validity of the model prediction of future changes in the climate over WG mountains. Our analysis suggests that the summer mean rainfall and the vertical velocities over the orographic regions of Western Ghats have significantly weakened during the recent past and the model simulates these features realistically in the present-day climate simulation. Under future climate scenario, by the end of the twenty-first century, the model projects reduced orographic precipitation over the narrow Western Ghats south of 16A degrees N that is found to be associated with drastic reduction in the southwesterly winds and moisture transport into the region, weakening of the summer mean meridional circulation and diminished vertical velocities. We show that this is due to larger upper tropospheric warming relative to the surface and lower levels, which decreases the lapse rate causing an increase in vertical moist static stability (which in turn inhibits vertical ascent) in response to global warming. Increased stability that weakens vertical velocities leads to reduction in large-scale precipitation which is found to be the major contributor to summer mean rainfall over WG orographic region. This is further corroborated by a significant decrease in the frequency of moderate-to-heavy rainfall days over WG which is a typical manifestation of the decrease in large-scale precipitation over this region. Thus, the drastic reduction of vertical ascent and weakening of circulation due to `upper tropospheric warming effect' predominates over the `moisture build-up effect' in reducing the rainfall over this narrow orographic region. This analysis illustrates that monsoon rainfall over mountainous regions is strongly controlled by processes and parameterized physics which need to be resolved with adequately high resolution for accurate assessment of local and regional-scale climate change.

Densification mechanisms during hot pressing of ZrB2-20 vol.% SiC composite

The dominant densification mechanisms for hot pressing of ZrB2-20 vol.% SiC composite at different hot-pressing temperatures and pressures was identified. The dominant densification mechanisms were found to change over a very short temperature range. For hot pressing at 1700 degrees C, the dominant densification mechanism was found to be mechanically driven particle fragmentation and rearrangement only, whereas at 1850 degrees C a plastic flow mechanism started to become dominant after initial particle fragmentation and rearrangement. At 2000 degrees C, the dominant mechanism changed from plastic flow to grain boundary diffusion. (c) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Temperature dependent magnetic ordering and electrical transport behavior of nano zinc ferrite from 20 to 800 K

The nano ZnFe2O4 compound was prepared by eco-friendly hydrothermal method. The characterization of the sample for its structure, morphology and composition were done by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta surface profiler and UV-Visible spectroscopy studies. The PXRD measurement reveals that the compound shows spinel cubic phase belong Fd (3) over barm (227) space group. Morphology of the compound from SEM and surface profile shows nearly spherical agglomerated particles with well defined grains and grain boundaries. The material shows the semiconducting behavior with E-g of 2.3 eV at room temperature (RT). The variation in the magnetic ordering was observed for wide range of temperature. The compound behaves like a soft magnetic material with ferrimagnetic at various temperatures except at RT. Both magnetic and EPR studies supports the superparamagnetic behavior of the the sample. The DC conductivity, dielectric and AC conductivity behavior of the 1000 degrees C pellets sintered for 2 h shows good frequency dependent transport properties. The present study facilitate in selecting the suitable materials for the nanoelectronics and spintronic applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Conformational Analysis of a 20-Membered Cyclic Peptide Disulfide from Conus virgo with a WPW Segment: Evidence for an Aromatic-Proline Sandwich

A novel peptide containing a single disulfide bond, CIWPWC (Vi804), has been isolated and characterised from the venom of the marine cone snail, Conus virgo. A precursor polypeptide sequence derived from complementary DNA, corresponding to the M-superfamily conotoxins, has been identified. The identity of the synthetic and natural peptide sequence has been established. A detailed analysis of the conformation in solution is reported for Vi804 and a synthetic analogue, (CIWPWC)-W-D ((D)W3-Vi804), in order to establish the structure of the novel WPW motif, which occurs in the context of a 20-membered macrocyclic disulfide. Vi804 exists exclusively in the cis W3P4 conformer in water and methanol, whereas (D)W3-Vi804 occurs exclusively as the trans conformer. NMR spectra revealed a W3P4 typeVI turn in Vi804 and a typeII turn in the analogue peptide, (D)W3-Vi804. The extremely high-field chemical shifts of the proline ring protons, together with specific nuclear Overhauser effects, are used to establish a conformation in which the proline ring is sandwiched between the flanking Trp residues, which emphasises a stabilising role for the aromatic-proline interactions, mediated predominantly by dispersion forces.

Evolution of deformation texture and magnetic properties in a nanocrystalline nickel-20 wt% cobalt alloy

The evolution of crystallographic texture in a nanocrystalline nickel-20 wt% cobalt alloy has been investigated for deformation up to large strains. The effect of texture on magnetic properties has been evaluated. The material shows characteristic copper-type texture at large strain levels. Microstructural examinations indicate that the evolution of texture is assisted by deformation-induced grain growth. The values of saturation magnetization and coercivity have been correlated with the crystallographic texture and grain size. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ligand 5,10,15,20-Tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine (TMPyP4) Prefers the Parallel Propeller-Type Human Telomeric G-Quadruplex DNA over Its Other Polymorphs

The binding of ligand 5,10,15,20-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine (TMPyP4) with telomeric and genomic G-quadruplex DNA has been extensively studied. However, a comparative study of interactions of TMPyP4 with different conformations of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, namely, parallel propeller-type (PP), antiparallel basket-type (AB), and mixed hybrid-type (MH) G-quadruplex DNA, has not been done. We considered all the possible binding sites in each of the G-quadruplex DNA structures and docked TMPyP4 to each one of them. The resultant most potent sites for binding were analyzed from the mean binding free energy of the complexes. Molecular dynamics simulations were then carried out, and analysis of the binding free energy of the TMPyP4-G-quadruplex complex showed that the binding of TMPyP4 with parallel propeller-type G-quadruplex DNA is preferred over the other two G-quadruplex DNA conformations. The results obtained from the change in solvent excluded surface area (SESA) and solvent accessible surface area (SASA) also support the more pronounced binding of the ligand with the parallel propeller-type G-quadruplex DNA.

Structural Evolution and Property Changes in Nd_{60}Al_{10}Fe_{20}Co_{10} Bulk Metallic Glass During Crystallization

The structural evolution and property changes in Nd60Al10Fe20Co10 bulk metallic glass (BMG) upon crystallization are investigated by the ultrasonic method, x-ray diffraction, density measurement, and differential scanning calorimetry. The elastic constants and Debye temperature of the BMG are obtained as a function of annealing temperature. Anomalous changes in ultrasonic velocities, elastic constants, and density are observed between 600–750 K, corresponding to the formation of metastable phases as an intermediate product in the crystallization process. The changes in acoustic velocities, elastic constants, density, and Debye temperature of the BMG relative to its fully crystallized state are much smaller, compared with those of other known BMGs, the differences being attributed to the microstructural feature of the BMG.

Nd_(60)Al_(10)Fe_(20)Co_(10)金属玻璃的变形行为

利用材料测试系统(MTS)、X-Ray 衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等手段研究了Nd 基大块金属玻璃的变形行为和断裂特征。Nd 基大块金属玻璃样品在室温下是脆性断裂,大约在500 K 时变形模式从非均匀变形转变为均匀变形,在523 K 以上表现出显著的塑性变形。在5×10-4 m/s 的应变速率下,这种Nd 基大块金属玻璃材料在523 K~600 K 之间出现明显的屈服应力下降现象,随后进入1 种稳定的粘性流动状态,而且这种屈服下降现象与温度和应变速率有关。这种在过冷液相区的变形行为与其他大块金属玻璃变形特征相似。合金的这种塑性变形行为表明了其存在稳定的过冷液相区,同时对其变形行为的研究有助于进一步了解Nd 基大块金属玻璃的反常热稳定性。

Evaluación del insecticida botánico NIM-20 (Azadirachtina) y dos insecticidas microbiales a base de bacillus thuringiensis en el manejo de la broca (Thecla basalides geyer) en el fruto de la piña (Ananas comosus (L) Merr)

El presente estudio se realizó en el año 1995-1996 en el período comprendido de Noviembre 95 a Abril 96 en el Municipio de Ticuantepe, Managua, con el objetivo de evaluar dos insecticidas biológicos y uno botánico para el control de la plaga Thecla basalides (perforador de la fruta), en elcultivo de la Piña, Este estudio de cuatro tratamientos (Nim 20, Dipel 8 L, Agree 50 WP y testigo), se estableció en un diseño de Bloques Completamente al Azar (B.C.A) con seis repeticiones "Los resultados demuestran que, las aplicaciones de insecticidas biológicos y Nim-20, son efectivos en el control del barrenador del fruto de Piña

Manejo de la palomilla del repollo Plutella xylostella (L.) en el cultivo de repollo Brassica oleracea (L) a través del uso de insecticidas NIM 20, dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis) y Evisect (Thiociclam)

El repollo Brassica oleracea (L.), es la hortaliza de mayor consumo en estado fresco o procesado, seguido del tomate. Los problemas fitosanitarios en el cultivo de repollo han sido manejados tradicionalmente con el uso de insecticidas químicos, sin embargo esta alternativa ha provocado graves problemas al medio ambiente, al hombre, a la fauna benéfica existentes en los campos y por último resistencia de las plagas hacia los insecticidas químicos (Vareta 1987). Plutella xylostella (L.) es la plaga principal del cultivo de repollo, provocando su mayor daño en la parte comerciable (cabeza del repollo), causa pérdidas económicas al incrementar los costos de producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar otras alternativas de manejo de la plaga Plutella xylostella (L.) utilizando, el insecticida botánico (Nim 20), biológico (Dipel), Nim 20 + Dipel y un tratamiento químico (Evisect). Los resultados de la investigación reflejaron que la incidencia de P. xylostella en el tratamiento biológico (Dipel) mostró niveles poblacionales superiores al resto de los tratamientos evaluados. Sin embargo el tratamiento Nim 20 + Dipel, mostró los niveles poblacionales inferiores al resto de los tratamientos. El mayor porcentaje promedio de parasitismo se registró en el tratamiento Nim 20 con un 35.85%, seguido por el tratamiento Nim 20 + Dipel con un porcentaje promedio de parasitismo de 31.52%. Según el análisis de varianza realizado a las poblaciones de los arácnidos en cada tratamiento no se encontró diferencias significativas. Por otra parte, el análisis de correlación realizado a las poblaciones de P. xylostella y a su parasitoide D. insulare se encontró que el tratamiento Evisect y el tratamiento Dipel resultaron más correlacionados, lo contrario sucedió en el tratamiento Nim 20 y el tratamiento Nim 20 + Dipel, los cuales resultaron menos correlacionados. Según el análisis económico de este estudio, el tratamiento Nim 20 resultó ser la alternativa más prometedor para el manejo de P. xylostella en el cultivo de repollo por mostrar bajo costo de producción y alto ingreso económico bajo las condiciones del productor.

Desarrollo y medio ambiente : en torno a Río +20

Transcurridos veinte años de la primera cumbre histórica de Río de Janeiro y diez de la reunión de Johannesburgo, se celebró del 20 al 22 de junio de 2012, nuevamente en la ciudad brasileña, la tercera Conferencia de Naciones Unidas sobre Desarrollo Sustentable, llamada informalmente Cumbre de la Tierra Río +20. Su lema: “El futuro que queremos”. Como se señala en el sitio oficial, la Cumbre se configuró como un nuevo intento de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para avanzar sobre el compromiso de los Estados y la comunidad mundial en los grandes cambios necesarios de implantar durante este siglo. Sobre esta consideración, el llamado de las Naciones Unidas se propuso un objetivo ambicioso: invitó a los Estados, la sociedad civil y los ciudadanos a “sentar las bases de un mundo de prosperidad, paz y sustentabilidad”.

Prudentia Iuris, 1988, n° 19-20 (número completo)

Contenido: Editorial – Cum o Vrea Domnul. “Como Dios quiera” : ¿cómo entiende el rumano la sumisión a la voluntad de Dios? / Ioan Dan – Algunas cuestiones éticas y penales de las modernas técnicas biomédicas / Guillermo Jorge Yacobucci – El racionalismo moderno : configuración y proyecciones / Bernardino Bravo Lira – El pensamiento político en orígenes de Alejandría / Néstor Daniel Villa – El proceso penal de menores / Miguel Ángel Madariaga – Documentos -- Recensiones

20 años de la Biblioteca “Dr. Ramiro de Lafuente”

La Biblioteca “Dr. Ramiro de Lafuente” de la Facultad de Derecho Canónico “Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo” Universidad Católica Argentina perteneciente al Sistema de Bibliotecas UCA como Biblioteca Departamental comenzó formalmente en el año 1994. Se contó en dicha oportunidad con la decisión y entusiasmo de su primer Decano Pbro. Dr. Ariel D. Busso y el Consejo Académico con la ayuda benefactora del Dr. Lafuente, en honor a quién posteriormente la biblioteca llevaría su nombre. Contó también con la ayuda técnica y profesional de la Lic. Soledad Lago, hoy Directora del Sistema de Bibliotecas UCA y con el invalorable apoyo de las Autoridades de nuestra Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina “Santa María de los Buenos Aires”...

Revista de Psicología, Vol. 10, Nº 20, 2014

Contenido: Depresión y calcificación en la raíz aórtica y arterias coronarias / Mariana Suárez Bagnasco ; Miguel Cerdá ; Guillermo Ganum -- Tiempo de lectura y formación de representaciones ortográficas en español / Marina Ferroni ; Beatriz Diuk ; Milagros Mena -- Creencias de control con respecto a la salud del feto : estructura factorial y fiabilidad de una adaptación al castellano de la Escala Fetal Health Locus of Control (FHLC) / Mariana Beatriz López -- Satisfacción laboral y síndrome de Burnout en docentes de nivel primario / María Soledad Menghi ; Laura Beatriz Oros -- Estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes de Psicología / Estefanía Sicre ; Leandro Casari -- Aportes teóricos de la psicología cognitiva para la construcción de una nueva economía científica / Mauricio Cervigni ; Jorge Vivas -- Recensión bibliográfica