Omvårdnadsåtgärder vid övervikt hos patienter som lider av schizofreni

Övervikt och fetma har utvecklats till ett stort problem i dagens samhälle. Patienter som lider av schizofreni är speciellt drabbade. Dessa patienters medicinska behandling mot sjukdomens symtom har en negativ inverkan på vikten samtidigt som den har en inverkan på deras livskvalité. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa omvårdnadsåtgärder samt livskvalité hos patienter som lider av schizofreni samt viktproblem och som undergår behandling med antipsykotiska läkemedel. Metoden bestod av en systematisk litteraturstudie där 13 artiklar av kvantitativ ansats som värderades och analyserades. Resultatet av litteraturstudien visade att det fanns viktminskningsinterventioner att tillgå vid viktökning hos patienter som lider av schizofreni. Livskvalitén påverkades negativt på grund utav viktökning men även positivt i den meningen att den mentala hälsan förbättrades av den antipsykotiska medicineringen. Diskussionen grundade sig på att dessa patienter kunde uppleva två olika effekter av viktökning. Deras mentala hälsa förbättrades när de tog sin medicin på ett adekvat sätt och då ökade i vikt, samtidigt som de upplevde en försämrad livskvalité. Viktminskningsinterventioner var möjliga att genomföra vid övervikt hos patienter som lider av schizofreni och var av vikt för dessa patienters allmänna hälsostatus. Sjuksköterskans roll är att belysa detta problem samt initiera till dessa interventioner eftersom omvårdnaden är sjuksköterskans ansvarsområde.

Barn owl (Tyto alba) siblings vocally negotiate resources

Current theory proposes that nestlings beg to signal hunger level to parents honestly, or that siblings compete by escalating begging to attract the attention of parents. Although begging is assumed to be directed at parents, barn owl (Tyto alba) nestlings vocalize in the presence but also in the absence of the parents. Applying the theory of asymmetrical contests we experimentally tested three predictions of the novel hypothesis that in the absence of the parents siblings vocally settle contests over prey items to be delivered next by a parent. This 'sibling negotiation hypothesis' proposes that offspring use each others begging vocalization as a source of information about their relative willingness to contest the next prey item delivered. In line with the hypothesis we found that (i) a nestling barn owl refrains from vocalization when a rival is more hungry, but (ii) escalates once the rival has been fed by a parent, and (iii) nestlings refrain from and escalate vocalization in experimentally enlarged and reduced broods, respectively. Thus, when parents are not at the nest a nestling vocally refrains when the value of the next delivered prey item will be higher for its nest-mates. These findings are the exact opposite of what current models predict for begging calls produced in the presence of the parents. [References: 20]

The effect of idursulfase on growth in patients with Hunter syndrome: data from the Hunter Outcome Survey (HOS)

Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type II) is a rare and life-limiting multisystemic disorder with an X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance. Short stature is a prominent feature of this condition. This analysis aimed to investigate the effects of enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase on growth in patients enrolled in HOS - the Hunter Outcome Survey which is a multinational observational database. As of Jan 2012, height data before treatment were available for 567 of 740 males followed prospectively after HOS entry. Cross-sectional analysis showed that short stature became apparent after approximately 8 years of age; before this, height remained within the normal range. Age-corrected standardized height scores (z-scores) before and after treatment were assessed using piecewise regression model analysis in 133 patients (8-15 years of age at treatment start; data available on ≥ 1 occasion within +/-24 months of treatment start; growth hormone-treated patients excluded). Results showed that the slope after treatment (slope=-0.005) was significantly improved compared with before treatment (slope=-0.043) (difference=0.038, p=0.004). Analysis of covariates (age at treatment start, cognitive involvement, presence of puberty at the start of ERT, mutation type, functional classification), showed a significant influence on growth of mutation type (height deficit in terms of z-scores most pronounced in patients with deletions/large rearrangements/nonsense mutations, p<0.0001) and age (most pronounced in the 12-15-year group, p<0.0001). Cognitive involvement, pubertal status at the start of ERT and functional classification were not related to the growth deficit or response to treatment. In conclusion, the data showed an improvement in growth rate in patients with Hunter syndrome following idursulfase treatment.

Memorial ajustado del pleyto que por caso de corte y en grado de vista sigue Don Manuel Vallès y Pallarès marido ... de Doña Isabel de Casalduch ... con Don Joaquin Gombau y Escura, barón de Benicasim y Montornes ... sobre la possession de dichas baronias de Benicasim, y Montornès ...

Incluye una h. pleg. con la genealogía de la familia Calduch

Alegación que presenta para el juicio de revista D. Manuel María Montserrat, marqués de Cruillas, barón de Planes y ... de Patraix ... con los electos del comun de vecinos de la Baronía de Planes ... sobre que se confirme con costas la sentencia de vista, pronunciada por esta Real Audiencia en 20 de enero del año 1807

Precede al tít.: "Jesus, María, Josef, y Nuestra Señora del Carmen"

Armas y blasones de las casas de Alaban de Ronffancoll, Rocafort y del Pozo, pertenecientes al Señor D.D. Juan José Mariano Alaban... Barón del Pozo y de Ronffancoll : Rocafort, año 1808

Enc. piel con hierros dorados

Representation of sound localization cues in the auditory thalamus of the barn owl

Barn owls can localize a sound source using either the map of auditory space contained in the optic tectum or the auditory forebrain. The auditory thalamus, nucleus ovoidalis (N.Ov), is situated between these two auditory areas, and its inactivation precludes the use of the auditory forebrain for sound localization. We examined the sources of inputs to the N.Ov as well as their patterns of termination within the nucleus. We also examined the response of single neurons within the N.Ov to tonal stimuli and sound localization cues. Afferents to the N.Ov originated with a diffuse population of neurons located bilaterally within the lateral shell, core, and medial shell subdivisions of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Additional afferent input originated from the ipsilateral ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus. No afferent input was provided to the N.Ov from the external nucleus of the inferior colliculus or the optic tectum. The N.Ov was tonotopically organized with high frequencies represented dorsally and low frequencies ventrally. Although neurons in the N.Ov responded to localization cues, there was no apparent topographic mapping of these cues within the nucleus, in contrast to the tectal pathway. However, nearly all possible types of binaural response to sound localization cues were represented. These findings suggest that in the thalamo-telencephalic auditory pathway, sound localization is subserved by a nontopographic representation of auditory space.

Barn, wagon and house.

[From Jasper Cropsey Sketch book, 1855-1856]

A helping hand for town and country : an American home book of practical and scientific information concerning house and lawn, garden and orchard, field, barn and stable, apiary and fish pond, workshop and dairy, and the many important interests pertaining to domestic economy and family health /

"The kitchen and dining-room" on p. 633-698 include cooking recipes.

El barón de Keef en Lima : segunda época, Charlas con Soria /

Mode of access: Internet.