Computational Thinking across a Life Course

Symposium of papers on Computational Thinking

The time course of conflict on the Cognitive Reflection Test

Reasoning that is deliberative and reflective often requires the inhibition of intuitive responses. The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) is designed to assess people’s ability to suppress incorrect heuristic responses in favour of deliberation. Correct responding on the CRT predicts performance on a range of tasks in which intuitive processes lead to incorrect responses, suggesting indirectly that CRT performance is related to cognitive control. Yet little is known about the cognitive processes underlying performance on the CRT. In the current research, we employed a novel mouse tracking mjavascript:void(0);ethodology to capture the time-course of reasoning on the CRT. Analysis of mouse cursor trajectories revealed that participants were initially drawn towards the incorrect (i.e., intuitive) option even when the correct (deliberative) option was ultimately chosen. Conversely, participants were not attracted to the correct option when they ultimately chose the incorrect intuitive one. We conclude that intuitive processes are activated automatically on the CRT and must be inhibited in order to respond correctly. When participants responded intuitively, there was no evidence that deliberative reasoning had become engaged.

The Use of Audio Podcasts to Enhance the Delivery of a Computer Networks Course

Experience obtained in the support of mobile learning using podcast audio is reported. The paper outlines design, storage and distribution via a web site. An initial evaluation of the uptake of the approach in a final year computing module was undertaken. Audio objects were tailored to meet different pedagogical needs resulting in a repository of persistent glossary terms and disposable audio lectures distributed by podcasting. An aim of our approach is to document the interest from the students, and evaluate the potential of mobile learning for supplementing revision

A supervisão pedagógica em ensino da biologia no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação: ISCED/Huíla-Angola: contributos metodológicos para o seu desenvolvimento

O desenvolvimento de uma sociedade depende do nível intelectual e educacional revelado pelos seus cidadãos, o que é determinado também pela qualidade de ensino. A consecução de tal qualidade implica uma adequada formação de professores e esta requer uma reflexão que permita atualização e inovação constantes do processo de Supervisão Pedagógica. Esta deve garantir a mudança e a inovação necessárias das Práticas Pedagógicas (PP), fator relevante na preparação pessoal e profissional dos docentes. Não há ensino de qualidade sem uma adequada formação de professores e esta é assegurada, obviamente, pela implementação adequada, reflexiva e permanentemente inovada das Práticas Pedagógicas. As instituições formadoras arcam com a grande responsabilidade de procurar mecanismos para dotarem os seus quadros, ou seja, os Supervisores Pedagógicos, de competências que lhes permitam exercer essa missão de forma cientificamente sustentada. Esta investigação tem por objetivo apresentar um plano de estratégias metodológicas inovadoras de Supervisão com a finalidade de introduzir melhorias no Sistema de Supervisão Pedagógica, consubstanciado fundamentalmente, nas Práticas Pedagógicas, no Curso de Biologia do ISCED/HUÍLA - Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação. O estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Curso de Doutoramento de Didática e Formação da Universidade de Aveiro (Portugal) e enquadradas pelo paradigma eclético. Decorreu em duas Fase, I e II. A Fase I - estudo preliminar - teve a participação de dois Professores Supervisores (PS) e 59 Alunos Futuros Professores (AFP) do 3º e 4º anos do Curso do Ensino de Biologia. Nesta fase, para a recolha de dados foram realizados inquéritos (entrevistas aos PS e questionários aos AFP). Para o tratamento de dados, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo para as entrevistas dos PS e para as questões abertas dos questionários aos AFP; para as questões fechadas utilizou-se Microsoft Excel. Esta fase de diagnóstico teve como objetivo recolher a perceção dos participantes sobre a pertinência das estratégias metodológicas em uso na PP no Curso de Biologia e obter as suas sugestões para a respetiva melhoria. Os resultados apontaram fundamentalmente para uma mudança das estratégias das PP e para a inclusão de trabalhos práticos (laboratorial e de campo). A Fase II - estudo principal - teve como base os resultados obtidos na fase anterior. Foram concebidas, implementadas e avaliadas ações formativas e investigativas no campo da Supervisão Pedagógica, quer aos PS, quer aos AFP, visando responder às necessidades colocadas bem como as sugestões recebidas dos participantes. A recolha de dados foi realizada no âmbito das ações formativas/investigativas realizadas com os participantes. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de fichas administradas no final de cada sessão, de um questionário intermédio, para a obtenção de opiniões acerca das atividades já realizadas para serem introduzidas as emendas julgadas pertinentes com vista a melhoria do processo e de um questionário final. Como fonte complementar foram usados os portefólios dos AFP, as auscultações dos participantes, durante e no final do processo, anotados no teaching portefólio do investigador. Foi efetuada uma exposição com todo o material desenvolvido no âmbito de uma sessão de reflexão sobre as PP. Ficou consensualmente institucionalizado a realização anual de um evento para apresentação e discussão dos trabalhos das PP e, sobretudo, para a meta-reflexão das atividades supervisivas desenvolvidas ao longo do ano. As conclusões resultantes de todo o estudo, refletem a satisfação de todos os participantes, bem como o reconhecimento de que foi dada uma contribuição para a resposta ao problema levantado, às questões e subquestões da investigação, obtendo-se assim a consecução dos objetivos preconizados. Como sugestão para futuras investigações, aponta-se a conceção de ações que visem a mudança das PP para um Estágio Pedagógico. Como implicações, deste estudo, julga-se poder ter contribuído na melhoria das competências dos PS, o que poderá favorecer as suas estratégias da Supervisão Pedagógica. Tudo isto aponta para uma melhor formação do futuro professor, garantindo um ensino de qualidade que proporcionará uma melhor formação de cidadãos.

The Role of Teacher Presence during Computer Supported Online Collaborative Sessions in an Adult Education Course.

The convenience sample for this study was taken from an A.E.C. (Attestation of Collegial Studies) Communication course of the Continuing Education Technical Support Program. A key component of this course competency is for students to develop the skill to write business letters for various purposes and to apply the three-step writing process during the crafting of the correspondence. This is achieved with a number of writing assignments which are carried out by students working in teams and completing the writing assignments out-of-class. the out-of-class work was convened using the PrimaryPad program to complete two of the writing assignments, which formed the basis of the research. This research uses a case study design that employed a repeated measures method with two conditions (teacher scaffolding vs. no teacher scaffolding). The possibility of an order effect was controlled for by using a counterbalancing of treatment design. A post-treatment questionnaire was used to gather descriptive statistics.

Facilitating student engagement and collaboration in a large postgraduate course using wiki-based activities

This paper investigates the impact of wiki-based activities on student participation and collaborative learning in a large postgraduate international management course. The wiki was used in this study as a facilitator for engagement and collaboration rather than a means of online discussions. Based on both qualitative and quantitative data, we find strong evidence that the use of the wiki facilitated student engagement and collaboration, both inside and outside the classroom. Moreover, student learning had significantly improved as a result of the enhanced learning environment.

The Wilderness Expedition: An effective life course intervention to improve young peoples well-being and connectedness to nature

It is well understood that wilderness expeditions improve well-being; however, there is little supporting quantitative data. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of wilderness expeditions on self-esteem (SE) and connectedness to nature (CN) and assess whether benefits varied according to participant and expedition characteristics. SE and CN were assessed pre– and post–wilderness expeditions in 130 adolescents using Rosenberg’s SE scale and the state CN scale. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant increases in SE and CN (p < .001) as a result of single expeditions. There was also an interaction effect of expedition and gender on SE (p < .05). Males had a higher SE at the start but female SE increased most. Linear regression revealed that living environment, gender, and the length and location of the expedition did not contribute to changes in SE and CN. Regular contact with natural environments will improve adolescent well-being, with the largest improvements in females.

Learner’s satisfaction within a breast imaging eLearning course for radiographers

Background: An asynchronous eLearning system was developed for radiographers in order to promote a better knowledge about senology and mammography. Objectives: to assess the learners’ satisfaction. Methods: Target population included radiographers and radiogr aphy students, in order to assess eLearning satisfaction according to different experience levels in breast imaging. Satisfaction was measured through a questionnaire developed especially for eLearning systems, using a seven - point Likert scale. Main topics related are content, interface, personalization and learning community. Results: Overall, 85% of learners were satisfied with the course and 87,5% considered that the course is successful. Main areas that were evaluated by most learners in a positive way were interface and content (between six and seven - point); on the other hand, learning community presented a wider distribution of answers . Conclusions: The course provides an overall high degree of learner satisfaction, thus providing more effective knowle dge gain on breast imaging for radiographers.

Using VISIR in a large undergraduate course: preliminary assessment results

The use of remote labs in undergraduate courses has been reported in literature several times since the mid 90's. Nevertheless, very few articles present results about the learning gains obtained by students using them, especially with a large number of students, thus suggesting a lack of data concerning their pedagogical effectiveness. This paper addresses such a gap by presenting some preliminary results concerning the use of a remote laboratory, known as VISIR, in a large undergraduate course on Applied Physics, with over 500 students enrolled.

Structuring and moodleing a course: case studies at the polytechnic of Porto - School of engineering

This work presents a comparative study covering four different courses lectured at the Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering, in respect to the usage of a particular Learning Management System, i.e. Moodle, and its impact on students' results. Even though positive correlation factors exist, e.g. between the number of Moodle accesses versus the final exam grade obtained by each student, the explanation behind it may not be straightforward. Mapping this particular factor to course numbers reveals that the quality of the resources might be preponderant and not only their quantity. This paper also addresses teachers who used this platform as a complement to their courses (b-learning) and identifies some particular issues they should be aware in order to potentiate students' engagement and learning.

Using remote lab networks to provide support to public secondary school education level

The advantages of networking are widely known in many areas (from business to personal ones). One particular area where networks have also proved their benefits is education. Taking the secondary school education level into account, some successful cases can be found in literature. In this paper we describe a particular remote lab network supporting physical experiments accessible to students of institutions geographically separated. The network architecture and application examples of using some of the available remote experiments are illustrated in detail.

How remote labs impact on course outcomes: various practices using VISIR

As technology is increasingly being seen as a facilitator to learning, open remote laboratories are increasingly available and in widespread use around the world. They provide some advantages over traditional hands-on labs or simulations. This paper presents the results of integrating the open remote laboratory VISIR into several courses, in various contexts and using various methodologies. These integrations, all related to higher education engineering, were designed by teachers with different perspectives to achieve a range of learning outcomes. The degree to which these VISIR-related outcomes were accomplished is discussed. The results reflect the levels of student engagement and learning and of teacher involvement. From the analysis, a connection between these two aspects was traced, although only related to the user profiles. VISIR is shown to be always of benefit for more motivated students, but this benefit can be maximized under particular conditions and characteristics.