Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the annexin A1 protein and its mimetic peptide Ac2-26 in models of ocular inflammation in vivo and in vitro

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a protein that displays potent anti-inflammatory properties, but its expression in eye tissue and its role in ocular inflammatory diseases have not been well studied. We investigated the mechanism of action and potential uses of AnxA1 and its mimetic peptide (Ac2-26) in the endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) rodent model and in human ARPE-19 cells activated by LPS. In rats, analysis of untreated EIU after 24 and 48 h or EIU treated with topical applications or with a single s.c. injection of Ac2-26 revealed the anti-inflammatory actions of Ac2-26 on leukocyte infiltration and on the release of inflammatory mediators; the systemic administration of Boc2, a formylated peptide receptor (fpr) antagonist, abrogated the peptide's protective effects. Moreover, AnxA1-/- mice exhibited exacerbated EIU compared with wild-type animals. Immunohistochemical studies of ocular tissue showed a specific AnxA1 posttranslational modification in EIU and indicated that the fpr2 receptor mediated the anti-inflammatory actions of AnxA1. In vitro studies confirmed the roles of AnxA1 and fpr2 and the protective effects of Ac2-26 on the release of chemical mediators in ARPE-19 cells. Molecular analysis of NF-κB translocation and IL-6, IL-8, and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression indicated that the protective effects of AnxA1 occur independently of the NF-κB signaling pathway and possibly in a posttranscriptional manner. Together, our data highlight the role of AnxA1 in ocular inflammation, especially uveitis, and suggest the use of AnxA1 or its mimetic peptide Ac2-26 as a therapeutic approach. Copyright © 2013 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the activity of pineapple (Ananas comosus) on Haemonchus contortus in Santa Inês sheep

The development of resistance to anthelmintics has prompted research into alternative methods of controlling intestinal nematodes in ruminants. This study aimed to assess the activity of Ananas comosus on Haemonchus contortus in Santa Inês sheep. The aqueous extract of pineapple skin (AEPS), bromelain from pineapple stems (B4882) and residue from pineapple processing was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo tests. The enzymatic activity of substances was analyzed by the azocasein method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) were performed using the Embrapa2010 isolate of H. contortus. In the in vivo test, 36 sheep artificially infected with H. contortus were divided into six groups: G1: 2g/kg BW of the aqueous extract administered for three days; G2: 2g/kg BW of the industrial pineapple residue for 60 days; G3: 180mg/animal of bromelain in a single dose; G4: negative control I; G5: positive control (levamisole phosphate); and G6: negative control II. The eggs per gram (EPG) in the feces were counted till 28 days after treatment. LC50 and LC90 were obtained by the probit procedure, while the in vivo test results were analyzed by GLM. The aqueous extract in the in vitro and in vivo test, the bromelain and industrial residue presented 0.102, 0.157, 1.864 and 0.048 enzyme units/mL, respectively. In the egg hatch test, the LC50 and LC90 were respectively 31 and 81mg/mL for the aqueous extract and 0.50 and 2mg/mL for bromelain. In the larval development test, the LC50 and LC90 were respectively 1.7 and 7.3mg/mL for the aqueous extract and 0.019 and 0.086mg/mL for bromelain. In the in vivo test, the general efficacies of the treatments in relation to the negative control were 22.6%, 42.2%, 3.65% and 89% for the aqueous extract, industrial pineapple residue, bromelain and positive control respectively. The transformed EPG values were 3.19±0.59, 3.32±0.25, 2.85±0.66, 3.44±0.50, 2.28±0.93 and 2.75±0.94 for the aqueous extract, industrial residue, bromelain, negative control I, positive control and negative control II respectively. The results for all the treated groups differed significantly (p<0.05) from the positive control, and although the residue presented efficacy of 42.2%, there was no statistical difference (p>0.05) in relation to the negative control. Therefore, both the aqueous extract and bromelain were effective in vitro, but showed reduced anthelmintic efficacy in vivo. For the pineapple residue, the 42.2% in vivo efficacy in reducing the EPG and the possibility of reducing environmental contamination through reuse of industrial residue indicate it can also be useful for control of this parasite. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Caracterização do perfil da ação do ácido gálico e seus derivados sobre processos oxidativos in vitro e ex vivo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência da smear layer e da condição de tratamento da dentina (in vivo e in vitro), sobre a resistência de união

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Obtenção, caracterização e estudo de liberação in vitro e permeação in vivo de sistemas microestruturados contendo cafeína

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determinação da atividade sérica de enzimas hepáticas e da concentração de uréia, creatinina, cortisol, imunoglobulina G dos valores hemogasométricos de bezerros da raça Nelore oriundos de fertilização in vivo (FV) e fertilização in vitro (FIV)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito dos óleos essenciais de Cymbopogon citratus e Melaleuca alternifolia sobre Candida albicans estudo in vitro e in vivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da terapia fotodinâmica em candida albicans in vitro e in vivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Emprego da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na análise de alterações periapicais de origem endodôntica in vivo, e na instrumentação de canais radiculares in vitro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efetividade da fluorescência a laser no diagnóstico de lesões de cárie. Estudos in vitro e in vivo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação in vitro e ex vivo da atividade anti-espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) do ácido ferúlico e seus ésteres e seu perfil de liberação em preparações dermatológicas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Vitrificação de embriões bovinos produzidos in vivo e in vitro após lipólise química

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência do local de inovulação de embriões produzidos in vivo e in vitro sobre as taxas de concepção de fêmeas bovinas e sua relação com a morfologia uterina

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Biomarcadores genéticos e bioquímicos para avaliar os efeitos do biodiesel, por meio de bioensaios in vivo e in vitro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atividade anti-helmíntica in vitro e in vivo de compostos fitoquímicos para o controle de nematóides gastrointestinais de ovinos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)