A continuous-time MILP model for short-term scheduling of make-and-pack production processes

In process industries, make-and-pack production is used to produce food and beverages, chemicals, and metal products, among others. This type of production process allows the fabrication of a wide range of products in relatively small amounts using the same equipment. In this article, we consider a real-world production process (cf. Honkomp et al. 2000. The curse of reality – why process scheduling optimization problems are diffcult in practice. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 24, 323–328.) comprising sequence-dependent changeover times, multipurpose storage units with limited capacities, quarantine times, batch splitting, partial equipment connectivity, and transfer times. The planning problem consists of computing a production schedule such that a given demand of packed products is fulfilled, all technological constraints are satisfied, and the production makespan is minimised. None of the models in the literature covers all of the technological constraints that occur in such make-and-pack production processes. To close this gap, we develop an efficient mixed-integer linear programming model that is based on a continuous time domain and general-precedence variables. We propose novel types of symmetry-breaking constraints and a preprocessing procedure to improve the model performance. In an experimental analysis, we show that small- and moderate-sized instances can be solved to optimality within short CPU times.

Ecosystem service trade-offs and stakeholder claims - a meso-scale study from a Madagascar biodiversity hotspot

The north-eastern escarpment of Madagascar has been labelled a global biodiversity hotspot due to its extremely high rates of endemic species which are heavily threatened by accelerated deforestation rates and landscape change. The traditional practice of shifting cultivation or "tavy" used by the majority of land users in this area to produce subsistence rice is commonly blamed for these threats. A wide range of stakeholders ranging from conservation to development agencies, and from the private to the public sector has therefore been involved in trying to find solutions to protect the remaining forest fragments and to increase agricultural production. Consequently, provisioning, regulating and socio-cultural services of this forest-mosaic landscape are fundamentally altered leading to trade-offs between them and consequently new winners and losers amongst the stakeholders at different scales. However, despite a growing amount of evidence from case studies analysing local changes, the regional dynamics of the landscape and their contribution to such trade-offs remain poorely understood. This study therefore aims at using generalised landscape units as a base for the assessment of multi-level stakeholder claims on ecosystem services to inform negotiation, planning and decision making at a meso-scale. The presented study applies a mixed-method approach combining remote sensing, GIS and socio-economic methods to reveal current landscape dynamics, their change over time and the corresponding ecosystem service trade-offs induced by diverse stakeholder claims on the regional level. In a first step a new regional land cover classification for three points in time (1995, 2005 and 2011) was conducted including agricultural classes characteristic for shifting cultivation systems. Secondly, a novel GIS approach, termed “landscape mosaics approach” originally developed to assess dynamics of shifting cultivation landscapes in Laos was applied. Through this approach generalised landscape mosaics were generated allowing for a better understanding of changes in land use intensities instead of land cover. As a next step we will try to use these landscape units as proxies to map provisioning and regulating ecosystem services throughout the region. Through the overlay with other regional background data such as accessibility and population density and information from a region-wide stakeholder analysis, multiscale trade-offs between different services will be highlighted. The trade-offs observed on the regional scale will then be validated through a socio-economic ground-truthing within selected sites at the local scale. We propose that such meso-scale knowledge is required by all stakeholders involved in decision making towards sustainable development of north-eastern Madagascar.

Baylor History of Medicine Society Schedule 2006-2007

After Western Medicine: From Hippocrates to Xavier Bichat (H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.) Who Goes First? The Story of Self-Experimentation in Medicine (David Sears, M.D.) Exercise and Health: From Pre-History to the Present (Carlos Valbonna, M.D.) Supernaturalism to Rationalism and the Man Between (Student Essay Contest Winners) (Don Lassus) The Fog of War’s Silver Lining: The Lasting Impact of Military Medicine (Student Essay Contest Winners) (Ajit Vyas) From Drummers to Detail Men: Medicine and the pharmaceutical industry in the United States, 1900-1960 (Howard Brody) Eyewash and Thunderbolts: The Medical Adventures of Lewis and Clark (Herbert M. Swick) Angry Arrows and Satin Dresses: Tales from the Annals of Plague (Herbert M. Swick) The Greatest Books in the History of Neurology (Robert Gordon) Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Paralytic Illness: What was the cause? (Armond S. Goldman)

History of Medicine Schedule and Abstracts 2009-2010

From Genes to Genome: An historical perspective (David Wheeler) Ignaz Semmelweis: Medical Prophet Without Honor (Ronald L. Young) Why Lewis Thomas, MD is Not a Bore: The Life of a Biology Watcher (Steven Greenberg) Doctors from Hell: The Horrific Account of Nazi Experiments on Humans (Vivien Spitz) Illuminating Autism: Passing the Torch from the Twentieth Century (Student Essay Contest Winners) (Lynn Yudofsky) Healing Beyond Hippocrates: The Temples of Asclepius and Public Health Care in Ancient Greece (Andrew Baldwin) Iron Wills and Iron Lungs: The Polio Years in Texas (Heather Green Wooten) William Osler and the Inspirational Uses of History (Michael Bliss) Working Too Hard and Achieving Too Much: The Cost of Being Harvey Cushing (Michael Bliss) Medicine in Ancient Egypt (Gene Boisaubin) The History of Diabetes (Jeff Unger)

Houston History of Medicine Society 2008-2009 Schedule and Abstracts

The National Library of Medicine and the Continuing Legacy of Michael E. DeBakey, M.D. (Stephen B. Greenberg) The Legacy of William Osler: North America’s most famous physician (Robert E. Rakel) A Lady Alone: Elizabeth Blackwell: First American Woman Doctor (Linda Gray Kelley, Charlton) A Mariner with Crippling Arthritis and Bleeding Eyes: The Chronic Arthritis of Christopher Columbus (Frank C. Arnett) Generation C(affeine): A History of Caffeine Consumption and its Medical Implications (Student Essay Contest winners) (Priti Dangayach) Our Artificial Fitness? Relaxed Selection Leads to Medical Dependence (Student Essay Contest winners) Philip Boone Remembering John P. McGovern, M.D. (1921-2007) (Bryant Boutwell) Who Was Albert Schweitzer? (Bryant Boutwell) Disease, Doctors and the Duty to Treat in American History (Thomas R. Cole) Vaccinating Freedom: The African-American Experience of Smallpox Prophylaxis in Old Philadelphia, 1723-1923 (Dayle B. Delancey) The Royal Hemophilia (The Royal Hemophilia)

Timely Tenses: Considering Present Tense Narration

When the jury of the Man Booker Prize 2010 chose three novels for their short-list that were written in present tense they earned some harsh criticism. To some, like Philipp Pullman, present tense narration seemed to be no more than an annoying fad, “a silly affectation,” which he criticises as a limitation to narrative possibility.1 Nevertheless, present tense narration is spreading fast, not only among Booker Prize nominees and winners. Indeed, it has become so common that it hardly seems to draw much attention anymore. But what is the appeal of present tense narration to contemporary authors? What effect does the choice of present tense narration have on the ways stories are told and read? This paper will address and compare the use of present tense narration in recent British novels by authors such as Hilary Mantel (Wolf Hall, Bring up the Bodies), Ali Smith (Hotel World, The Accidental ), Tom McCarthy (C) and others, looking for similarities and differences in their respective narrative rationale. In view of the heterogeneous and complex use of present tense in contemporary fiction, I would like to suggest, merely pointing to the pace of contemporary life and the simultaneity of new communication media does not suffice to adequately address a phenomenon that has become a characteristic feature of 21st century narration. 1 Laura Roberts. “Philip Pullman and Philip Hensher criticise Booker Prize for including present tense novels.” The Telegraph. 11. Sept. 2010.

Würdigung der GMA-Preisträger des "GMA-Preis für junge Lehrende 2013"

Auf der Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung 2013 in Graz wurden zum achten Mal die Preisträger des "GMA-Preis für Junge Lehrende“ für herausragende Leistungen in der Medizinischen Hochschullehre vom Vorstand der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung e.V. (GMA) ausgezeichnet. Dieser Preis wurde durch die Arbeitsgemeinschaft "Junge Lehrende“ der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung e.V. initiiert, die sich zum Ziel gesetzt hat, die Wertschätzung, Unterstützung und die Ausbildungssituation für junge Berufstätige in der Hochschullehre zu verbessern und zu stärken. An der Ausschreibung nahmen insgesamt 6 Bewerbungen von 6 Standorten teil (Zürich/Frankfurt, Bonn, Giessen, Frankfurt, Erlangen, Hamburg). Zum ersten Mal hat sich dabei auch ein Team mit der Hauptantragstellerin einer Wahlschweizerin für diesen Preis beworben.

How to be in a good shape? The influence of clone morphology on cell competition

Cell competition is a conserved mechanism where slow proliferating cells (so called losers) are eliminated by faster proliferating neighbors (so called winners) through apoptosis.(1) It is an important process which prevents developmental malformations and maintains tissue fitness in aging adults.(2) Recently, we have shown that the probability of elimination of loser cells correlates with the surface of contact between losers and winners in Myc-induced competition.(3) Moreover, we have characterized an active mechanism that increases the surface of contact between losers and winners, hence accelerating the elimination of loser cells. This is the first indication that cell shape and mechanics can influence cell competition. Here, we will discuss the consequence of the relationship between shape and competition, as well as the relevance of this model for other modes of competition.

Cell mixing induced by myc is required for competitive tissue invasion and destruction

Cell-cell intercalation is used in several developmental processes to shape the normal body plan. There is no clear evidence that intercalation is involved in pathologies. Here we use the proto-oncogene myc to study a process analogous to early phase of tumour expansion: myc-induced cell competition. Cell competition is a conserved mechanism driving the elimination of slow-proliferating cells (so-called 'losers') by faster-proliferating neighbours (so-called 'winners') through apoptosis and is important in preventing developmental malformations and maintain tissue fitness. Here we show, using long-term live imaging of myc-driven competition in the Drosophila pupal notum and in the wing imaginal disc, that the probability of elimination of loser cells correlates with the surface of contact shared with winners. As such, modifying loser-winner interface morphology can modulate the strength of competition. We further show that elimination of loser clones requires winner-loser cell mixing through cell-cell intercalation. Cell mixing is driven by differential growth and the high tension at winner-winner interfaces relative to winner-loser and loser-loser interfaces, which leads to a preferential stabilization of winner-loser contacts and reduction of clone compactness over time. Differences in tension are generated by a relative difference in F-actin levels between loser and winner junctions, induced by differential levels of the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate. Our results establish the first link between cell-cell intercalation induced by a proto-oncogene and how it promotes invasiveness and destruction of healthy tissues.

All-America Selections® Vegetable Trial

All-America Selections® (AAS) is an independent, non-profit organization established in 1932 by industry leaders to organize and oversee unbiased evaluations of new, soon to be released, flower and vegetable varieties. The goal of the AAS is to identify truly improved home garden varieties through a national network of trial grounds and then promote these proven winners as All-America Selections® .

La construcción político-social del βάρβαρος en el mundo helénico : los símbolos y/o signos identitarios que condujeron a la construcción del “nosotros” helénico

Resumen: El tema de este trabajo nos pone en el camino, estudio y reflexión sobre la construcción del concepto de “bárbaro” como oponente, contrario o antagonista de “heleno”. Esta construcción requirió de los autores de la época la necesidad de darle forma sustantiva al concepto de “heleno”, que no solo fue una figura retórica, sino un “signo identitario” importante. La afirmación de la identidad de los triunfadores de las Guerras Médicas los puso en la necesidad ideológica y política de reforzar el concepto de “heleno” desde el discurso, tal como lo habían hecho en su momento por las armas. Heródoto mismo nos indica que helenos y bárbaros son, en principio, diferentes, incluso representan regiones o espacios diferentes dentro de la ecúmene. La diferencia de lenguaje en el siglo V a. C, evolucionó hacia una forma de espacio. Aquellos que no hablaban griego fueron considerados atrasados, rudos, rebeldes e intelectualmente inferiores.

El neoperonismo en Mendoza (1961-1966) : notas sobre su origen y apogeo

El Neoperonismo o peronismo sin Perón fue uno de los resultantes de la política proscriptiva ideada por los vencedores de la llamada Revolución Libertadora. Representó el intento de algunos dirigentes peronistas locales de evitar la dispersión de los votos peronistas y, al mismo tiempo, apoderarse de una cuota del poder vacante debido al exilio del jefe del Movimiento Gral. Juan Domingo Perón. El neoperonismo tuvo gran auge en las provincias del interior, y Mendoza fue uno de los principales centros donde se gestó y alcanzó un inusitado desarrollo, a través de los partidos Tres Banderas y posteriormente del Movimiento Popular Mendocino. De allí que el propósito de este trabajo es dilucidar las razones por las cuales el neoperonismo surgió y alcanzó tanto éxito en nuestra provincia, así como también el entramado político que hizo posible su estrepitosa caída.

Influencia de la capacidad de la vasija sobre el número y distribución de las levaduras

La capacidad de la vasija de fermentación cuando en ella se hacen los trabajos necesarios para uniformar el mosto durante la misma, no es factor que influye sobre el número y la distribución de las levaduras. Los medios encontrados no difieren mayormente de la citada por los autores europeos, habiendo oxilado los valores entre 70,500 y 128,000, con una media de alrededor de 90,000 levadura por mm.

Escribir la voz del otro : La lengua de la traducción en Maldición eterna a quien lea estas páginas de Manuel Puig

Puig ensayó un modo de escritura políglota poco frecuente. Escribió Maldición eterna a quien lea estas páginas / Eternal Curse on the Reader of these Pages de manera simultánea. Su novela siguiente sería Sangre de amor correspondido/ Sangue de amor correspondido, en español y en portugués. A diferencia de otros escritores que "cambian de lengua" y se la "apropian", en el caso de Puig se trata de escribir en el borde entre dos lenguas, con marcas de esa permeabilidad que señalan que esa lengua no es la propia. La ponencia tomará algunos manuscritos en inglés y en español para ver la interacción de la escritura en ambas lenguas

Uma cegueira profunda : A ATH em Ésquilo

Entre las definiciones que el concepto de ATH presenta en la tragedia griega clásica, en las obras de Esquilo hay elementos que lo aproximan a la definición dada por E. R. Dodds en The greeks and the irrational, en referencia a la presencia del término en la Ilíada como un "state of mind". Este "estado de ánimo", sin embargo, se perfila como una ceguera profunda del héroe, que sólo entiende las consecuencias de sus acciones después de un intenso sufrimiento. En las siete tragedias conservadas de Esquilo, se puede encontrar el concepto íntimamente vinculado a las muertes heroicas, en el destino de Jerjes en Los persas, o en la maldición de los hermanos Etéocles y Polinices, herederos de las aflicciones de Edipo, en Los siete contra Tebas. Por lo tanto, esta ponencia examina algunos aspectos del concepto en Esquilo y cómo esta "ceguera profunda" es el elemento desencadenante de los acontecimientos trágicos