Germanes de Shakespeare. 20 del XX Pilar Godayol Barcelona, Eumo Editorial, 2003

No es esta la primera vez que Pilar Godayol cumple con el mandato solidario de “ donar veu a altri ”. Lo hizo, hace un par de años, a través de su espléndida traducción Veus xicanes. Contes (2001) y un año antes mediante el ensayo, Espais de frontera. Gènere i traducció (2000), un libro ya de referencia en el marco teórico de los estudios de género. Hoy, desde un enmarque nuevo, vuelve al empeño de visibilizar la personalidad y la obra de veinte voces de mujeres creadoras, Germanas de Shakespeare, y testigos de excepción de los cambios que convulsionaron la Europa de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Aunque en la contracubierta del libro podemos leer que se trata de “una selecció de vint apunts biogràfics ”, lo cierto es que la autora va mucho más allá del espacio estrictamente biográfico para adentrarse en el terreno de la crítica literaria, de la traducción y del ensayo creativo. Godayol describe, interpreta y valora, desde una perspectiva feminista, las circunstancias y avatares con los que tuvieron que enfrentarse estas veinte mujeres universales, dibujando su retrato psicológico, un tanto a la manera de Gertrude Stein, aunque con más corazón. Eso, unido a un estilo preciso, límpido y brillante, provoca inmediatamente la adhesión emocional de la lectora o lector virtual y hace que sintamos que esas mujeres son también, en lo esencial, hermanas nuestras

Utilização de álcool absoluto no tratamento das malformações venosas

O tratamento das malformações venosas pode ser realizado por ressecção cirúrgica ou esclerose farmacológica. Este estudo mostra os resultados de 12 pacientes com angiodisplasia submetidos a múltiplas aplicações diretas de etanol na lesão, após exame clínico e angiografia venosa percutânea. Dez pacientes referiram melhora dos sintomas e diminuição do tamanho da lesão. Todos os pacientes queixaram-se de ardência durante a aplicação, que cessou no máximo em 24 horas. As complicações encontradas foram três casos de úlceras pequenas na pele e um caso de hiperemia no membro tratado, associada a linfonodomegalia dolorosa. Concluiu-se que o tratamento escleroterapêutico das malformações venosas com infusão de pequenos volumes de etanol apresenta as vantagens de ser um tratamento seguro, eficaz, simples, fácil e rápido, de baixo custo, bem tolerado e com poucas complicações.

Hepatic circadian clock oscillators and nuclear receptors integrate microbiome-derived signals.

The liver is a key organ of metabolic homeostasis with functions that oscillate in response to food intake. Although liver and gut microbiome crosstalk has been reported, microbiome-mediated effects on peripheral circadian clocks and their output genes are less well known. Here, we report that germ-free (GF) mice display altered daily oscillation of clock gene expression with a concomitant change in the expression of clock output regulators. Mice exposed to microbes typically exhibit characterized activities of nuclear receptors, some of which (PPARα, LXRβ) regulate specific liver gene expression networks, but these activities are profoundly changed in GF mice. These alterations in microbiome-sensitive gene expression patterns are associated with daily alterations in lipid, glucose, and xenobiotic metabolism, protein turnover, and redox balance, as revealed by hepatic metabolome analyses. Moreover, at the systemic level, daily changes in the abundance of biomarkers such as HDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, FGF21, bilirubin, and lactate depend on the microbiome. Altogether, our results indicate that the microbiome is required for integration of liver clock oscillations that tune output activators and their effectors, thereby regulating metabolic gene expression for optimal liver function.

Hepatic circadian clock oscillators and nuclear receptors integrate microbiome-derived signals.

The liver is a key organ of metabolic homeostasis with functions that oscillate in response to food intake. Although liver and gut microbiome crosstalk has been reported, microbiome-mediated effects on peripheral circadian clocks and their output genes are less well known. Here, we report that germ-free (GF) mice display altered daily oscillation of clock gene expression with a concomitant change in the expression of clock output regulators. Mice exposed to microbes typically exhibit characterized activities of nuclear receptors, some of which (PPARα, LXRβ) regulate specific liver gene expression networks, but these activities are profoundly changed in GF mice. These alterations in microbiome-sensitive gene expression patterns are associated with daily alterations in lipid, glucose, and xenobiotic metabolism, protein turnover, and redox balance, as revealed by hepatic metabolome analyses. Moreover, at the systemic level, daily changes in the abundance of biomarkers such as HDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, FGF21, bilirubin, and lactate depend on the microbiome. Altogether, our results indicate that the microbiome is required for integration of liver clock oscillations that tune output activators and their effectors, thereby regulating metabolic gene expression for optimal liver function.

Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants.

One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes. We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence-defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs-in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue. We used data from 751 studies including 4,372,000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4-7.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2-11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9-7.9) to 7.9% (6.4-9.7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28.5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39.7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31.8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target. Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults affected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Wellcome Trust.

Visualização e caracterização de campos ultra-sônicos via óptica de schlieren

Neste trabalho aplicamos um método óptico sensível e de baixo custo denominado ‘Schlieren’ para visualização e caracterização de feixes ultra-sônicos em solução aquosa. Esta caracterização assume papel importante na Medicina para diagnóstico não invasivo via método ultra-sônico.

O papel das vivências no Aufbau

Este artigo faz a análise de alguns aspectos do sistema de constituição do Logische Aufbau der Welt (A construção lógica do mundo) de Rudolf Carnap, tendo em vista duas possíveis interpretações da base autopsicológica escolhida pelo autor, ou seja, das vivências. Alguns autores, como Michael Friedman e Moulines, vêem o Aufbau como sendo um sistema estrutural cujas formas não são determinadas pelas experiências básicas - pelas vivências. Outros, como, por exemplo, Stegmüller, afirmam que as estruturas, as definições do Aufbau, resultam de relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre estas. Acompanhando os argumentos desses intérpretes e a proposta epistemológica do próprio Carnap, sustento a necessidade de pensar a base autopsicológica, as vivências, como determinantes das relações estruturais do Aufbau.

Uskoton ja petollinen Julia

äänitetty 25.10.1928, [New York].

Laivan kannella

äänitetty: [25.10.1928, New York].

Diretrizes para o ensino na atenção primária à saúde na graduação em medicina

O presente documento traz diretrizes construídas conjuntamente pela Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (ABEM) e a Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (SBMFC) com a intenção de apoiar as escolas médicas de forma objetiva e prática, na elaboração de projetos político-pedagógicos no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Um marco reconhecido na política educacional brasileira é a publicação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, as quais flexibilizam as organizações curriculares, possibilitando a construção de projetos político-pedagógicos contemporâneos e consonantes com o Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. A Atenção Primária à Saúde é o ponto de convergência entre estas duas políticas, descentralizando o ensino da Medicina dos hospitais para toda a rede de saúde no Brasil. Destaca-se a imperiosidade de que o ensino na Atenção Primária à Saúde esteja presente longitudinalmente, ao longo de todo o curso, de preferência com inserções significativas (de aprendizado real e a partir do trabalho), mas que, sobretudo, deva fazer parte do núcleo de ensino da prática clínica do futuro médico.

Ultrastructural calli analysis of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn

Subcellular changes are relevant to understand plant organogenesis and embryogenesis in the early stages of cell development. The cytology during cell development in tissue culture is however still poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the ultrastructural differences related to callogenesis of anthers, ovaries, leaf and nodal segments of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. Flower buds, nodal segments and leaves were disinfected and inoculated in test tubes containing MS medium with 3% sucrose and 4.5µM 2.4-D, except for leaf callogenesis, where 9µM of this auxin was used, and for the callogenesis of anthers and ovaries, where the culture medium was enriched with 0.25% activated charcoal and 90µM PVP. After 45 days in culture medium, the anther, ovary, leaf and nodal segment calli were fixed in Karnovisky and prepared for visualization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural differences were observed among the callus cells of anthers, ovaries, segments and leaves. There was no evidence of somatic embryo formation in the anther, leaf and nodal segment calli, in spite of some embryogenic characteristics in the cells. The ovary calli, with indications of embryo formation, seem to be the most responsive explant source for embryogenesis.

Priki Efrosiina : osa 2.

Äänitetty: [25.10.1928, New York].

Jannen hanuripolkka

Kansansävelmä.

Priki Efrosiina : osa 1.

Äänitetty: [25.10.1928, New York].