The VINEYARD Approach: Versatile, Integrated, Accelerator-Based, Heterogeneous Data Centres.

Emerging web applications like cloud computing, Big Data and social networks have created the need for powerful centres hosting hundreds of thousands of servers. Currently, the data centres are based on general purpose processors that provide high flexibility buts lack the energy efficiency of customized accelerators. VINEYARD aims to develop an integrated platform for energy-efficient data centres based on new servers with novel, coarse-grain and fine-grain, programmable hardware accelerators. It will, also, build a high-level programming framework for allowing end-users to seamlessly utilize these accelerators in heterogeneous computing systems by employing typical data-centre programming frameworks (e.g. MapReduce, Storm, Spark, etc.). This programming framework will, further, allow the hardware accelerators to be swapped in and out of the heterogeneous infrastructure so as to offer high flexibility and energy efficiency. VINEYARD will foster the expansion of the soft-IP core industry, currently limited in the embedded systems, to the data-centre market. VINEYARD plans to demonstrate the advantages of its approach in three real use-cases (a) a bio-informatics application for high-accuracy brain modeling, (b) two critical financial applications, and (c) a big-data analysis application.

Development of sialons colloidally processed in aqueous medium

Desenvolveu-se um novo método de processamento coloidal em meio aquoso para consolidar cerâmicos de α-Y-SiAlON, os quais foram sinterizados por prensagem isostática a quente (HIP) e por spark plasma sintering (SPS). Preparou-se com sucesso uma suspensão aquosa de pós precursores de YSiAlON (Si3N4, Al2O3, Y2O3 e AlN), temporariamente estável, usando Dolapix PC21 como dispersante, permitindo a fabricação de pós granulados pela técnica de aspersão-congelamento-liofilização e a consolidação de corpos em verde por enchimento por barbotina. Avaliou-se o efeito do excesso de oxigénio introduzido pelo processamento aquoso no desenvolvimento microestrutural e nas propriedades mecânicas. Os corpos de Y-SiAlON consolidados por enchimento por barbotina e sinterizados por HIP a 1800ºC apresentaram microestruturas e propriedades mecânicas similares a corpos consolidados por prensagem a seco. Estes materiais exibiram densificação completa, dureza Vickers máxima de 2003 e tenacidade à fractura (método SEVNB) máxima de 5.20 MPam1/2. Foi ainda possível estabelecer uma relação estreita entre o aumento do conteúdo em oxigénio das amostras sinterizadas e a diminuição da tenacidade à fractura. Na tentativa de melhorar a tenacidade à fractura dos materiais, procedeu-se à incorporação nas suspensões de sementes de Ca-α-SiAlON de geometria alongada produzidas por síntese por combustão, adicionadas como agentes de reforço. A síntese por combustão realizada em larga escala (cargas até 1 kg) não produziu efeitos negativos óbvios nos produtos da reacção. Investigara-se os efeitos da adição de 5 % em peso de sementes nas propriedades mecânicas e no desenvolvimento microestrutural de amostras densificadas por HIP. Em comparação com os materiais sem sementes, a tenacidade à fractura (método SEVNB) aumentou 13%, mas a dureza Vickers resultou 14,5% inferior. A sinterização por SPS permitiu obter densificação completa a temperaturas tão baixas como 1600ºC a partir dos pós granulados de Y-SiAlON sem a adição extra de Y2O3 para aumentar o teor de fase líquida. Os materiais sinterizados a 1700ºC e 1600ºC mostraram valores máximos de tenacidade à fractura de 4.36 e 4.20 MPam1/2 (método SEVNB), e de dureza Vickers de 2089 e 2084, respectivamente. Esta técnica de sinterização permitiu ainda obter corpos sinterizados translúcidos com uma transmitância máxima de 61% numa amostra de 2mm de espessura. Os corpos translúcidos apresentaram dureza Vickers de 2154 e tenacidade à fractura 3.74 MPam1/2 (método SEVNB).

Between the Bullet and the Hole

Between the Bullet and the Hole is a film centred on the elusive and complex effects of war on women's role in ballistic research and early computing. The film features new and archival high-speed bullet photography, schlieren and electric spark imagery, bullet sound wave imagery, forensic ballistic photography, slide rulers, punch cards, computer diagrams, and a soundtrack by Scanner. Like a frantic animation storyboard, it explores the flickering space between the frames, testing the perceptual mechanics of visual interpolation, the possibility of reading or deciphering the gap between before and after. Interpolation - the main task of the women studying ballistics in WW2 - is the construction or guessing of missing data using only two known data points. The film tries to unpack this gap, open it up to interrogation. It questions how we read, interpolate or construct the gaps between bullet and hole, perpetrator and victim, presence and absence. The project involves exchanges with specialists in this area such as the Cranfield University Forensics department, London-based Forensic Firearms consultancy, the Imperial War Museum, the ENIAC programmers project, the Smithsonian Institute, and Forensic Scientists at Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office (USA). Exhibitions: Solo exhibition at Dallas Contemporary (Texas, Jan-Mar 2016), including newly commissioned lenticular prints and a dual slide projector installation; Group exhibition the Sydney Biennale (Sydney, Mar-June 2016); UK premiere and solo retrospective screening at Whitechapel Gallery (London); forthcoming solo exhibition at Iliya Fridman Gallery (NY, Oct-Dec 2016); Film festivals and screenings: International Film Festival Rotterdam (Jan 2016); Whitechapel Gallery (London Feb 2016); Cornerhouse/Home (Manchester Nov 2016); Public lectures: Whitechapel Gallery with prof. David Alan Grier and Morgan Quaintance; Carriageworks (Sydney) Prof. Douglas Khan; Monash University (Melbourne); Gertrude Space (Melbourne). Reviews and interviews: Artforum, Studio International, Mousse Magazine.

Receptivity to Self-Service Technology (SST): A Research Overview and the Way Forward

In a digital era characterised by the need for efficiency and value, self-service technology rises as a delivery interface offered by public and private sector service providers. With the assumption of a win-win situation for both the provider and customers who can ‘do it themselves’ online/offsite and offline/onsite, stereotypes arise concerning antecedents for positive receptivity and impediments in adopting SSTs. The present paper offers a literature-based discussion of some of the existing and emerging perspectives in this domain; it delivers a contextual review of studies conducted, highlights controversial viewpoints that need to be reconsidered, and suggests future research themes that can make use of the emergent digital sources in data collection and analysis. The purpose is to spark future research on the extent to which SST is a champion for different service types, and to systematically study the customer profile to be targeted for its optimal use in value co-creation.

Transforming relationship marketing via subversive readings

Where is the consumer represented within the discourses of Relationship Marketing? In our paper we deconstruct and critically (but productively) interrogate current Relationship Marketing discourse; and we argue for reconceptualising RM as a field of study through a transformatory process which involves the subversive reading of its academic texts. We argue that the consumer is silenced within relationship marketing discourse in a way that is fundamentally analogous with the gynopia (absence of women) in early sociological enquiry. Given that the means of transformation can potentially be found within contemporary feminist research, one of the main aims of this paper is to examine the parameters of feminist research and theory by presenting and explaining three representative frameworks (Fonow & Cook 1991, Maynard & Purvis 1994 and Harding 1988). The interrogative questions generated from the reading of feminist texts provide a framework to enable a close reading of RM ‘texts’. Using a form of discourse analysis, we read both ‘with the text’ and ‘against the grain’ (Tonkiss 1998:258) looking for ‘silences and gaps’ and making ‘conjectures about alternative accounts which are excluded by omission’ as well as those deliberately ‘countered by rhetoric’ (Tonkiss 1998:258). By striking together feminist methodology and a selected Relationship Marketing text to see if they spark (Brown 1999) our stance is activist and our purpose is to accelerate a restoration of the consumer’s voice as a central theoretical concern of this branch of Marketing.

Why do females mate with multiple males ? The sexually selected sperm hypothesis

One debated issues in evolutionary biology is, why in many species females mate with multiple males. Several hypotheses have been put forward, yet the benefits of multiple mating (here defined as mating with several males) remain unclear in many cases. The sperm sexual selection (SSS) hypothesis has been developed to account for the widespread occurrence of multiple mating in females. It argues that multiple mating by females may rapidly spread, when initially a small fraction of the females mate multiply, and if there is a heritable difference among males in one or several of the four characteristics: (1) the quantity of sperm they produce; (2) the success of their sperm in reaching and fertilizing an egg; (3) their ability to displace the sperm that females stored during previous mating; and (4) their ability to prevent any other male from subsequently introducing sperm (e.g., differential efficiency of mating plugs).

Endovascular treatment of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.

PRINCIPLES: To assess the efficiency and complication rates of vaso-occlusion of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) in Rendu-Osler-Weber disease (hereditary haemorrhagic telangectasia; HHT). METHODS: Seventy-two patients were investigated in our institution for HHT between March 2000 and November 2011. Sixteen presented PAVMs (22.2%), and 11 (68.8%) were treated with vaso-occlusion for a total of 18 procedures. Procedures included coils, plugs and combined approaches. Immediate success and recurrence rate, complication were recorded, as well as persistent and new PAVMs during clinical and computed tomography (CT) follow-up. RESULTS: Eighteen procedures were performed and a total of 37 PAVMs were treated, 19 with coils, 16 with plugs and 2 with combined treatment. Mean CT follow-up time was 41 months (1‒164). No major complication was observed. One distal translocation was treated during the same intervention. Two PAVMs persisted after treatment (5.7%), both treated by means of plug embolisation. One new PAVM was observed during follow-up CT. PAVMs with an afferent artery of less than 3mm or asymptomatic PAVMs were not treated. CONCLUSION: Recent studies have demonstrated that vaso-occlusion has become the gold standard treatment for PAVM. This study is in accordance with previous results and shows a minimal complication rate and little recurrence, whether by coils, plugs, or combined treatments.

Molecular mechanics calculations on some phosphine oxide metal complexes in aqueous and organic solvents

Molecular mechanics calculations were done on tetrahedral phosphine oxide zinc complexes in simulated water, benzene and hexane phases using the DREIDING II force field in the BIOGRAF molecular modeling program. The SUN workstation computer (SUN_ 4c, with SPARK station 1 processor) was used for the calculations. Experimental structural information used in the parameterization was obtained from the September 1989 version of the Cambridge Structural Database. 2 Steric and solvation energies were calculated for complexes of the type ZnCl2 (RlO)2' The calculations were done with and without inclusion of electrostatic interactions. More reliable simulation results were obtained without inclusion of charges. In the simulated gas phase, the steric energies increase regularly with number of carbons in the alkyl group, whereas they go through a maximum when solvent shells are included in the calculation. Simulated distribution ratios vary with chain length and type of chain branching and the complexes are found to be more favourable for extraction by benzene than by hexane, in accord with experimental data. Also, in line with what would be expected for a favorable extraction, calculations without electrostatics predict that the complexes are better solvated by the organic solvents than by water.

Conscience and Attestation : The Methodological Role of the “Call of Conscience” (Gewissensruf) in Heidegger’s Being and Time

Travail réalisé en cotutelle (Université de Paris IV-La Sorbonne).

The inflammatory role of angiogenic growth factors : a neutrophil perspective

De par sa présence dans tous les vaisseaux sanguins, l'endothélium joue un rôle clef dans le processus d’hémostase, tant par sa libération de facteurs anticoagulants que par ses changements protéiques qui permettent à l’organisme de déclencher la réparation tissulaire. La fonction anticoagulante de l’endothélium peut être mise en défaut en cas d’atteinte de son intégrité, entrainant la formation de thrombus, le rejet précoce de greffes ou encore l’induction de l’athérosclérose. L’intégrité de l’endothélium est donc capitale pour la prévention de nombreuses maladies cardiovasculaires. Chez l’adulte, les cellules endothéliales (CE), normalement quiescentes, sont rapidement activées en cas d’hypoxie ou d’inflammation, leur permettant ainsi d’amorcer le processus angiogénique comme suit: Tout d’abord, l’induction de l’hyperperméabilité vasculaire permet l’extravasation des protéines plasmatiques. Ensuite, la dégradation de la lame basale par des métalloprotéases permet aux CE de se détacher, de proliférer, de migrer et de s’organiser pour former l’ébauche du futur vaisseau. La dernière étape consiste en la maturation du vaisseau, c’est-à-dire son recouvrement par des cellules murales, telles que les cellules musculaires lisses et les péricytes. Ces processus sont régulés par de nombreux facteurs angiogéniques tels que les membres de la famille Notch, du vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), du fibroblast growth factor (FGF), des angiopoïétines, et des matrix metalloproteases (MMP). L’angiogenèse pathologique, soit une insuffisance ou un excès de vascularisation, est impliquée dans les blessures chroniques, les accidents cardiovasculaires, les pathologies coronariennes artérielles, les pathologies tumorales, l’arthrite rhumatoïde, la rétinopathie diabétique, l’athérosclérose, le psoriasis et l’asthme. Ces pathologies sont souvent issues d’une dérégulation de l’activité endothéliale, fréquemment observée conjointement à l’expression continue de molécules d’adhésion leucocytaires, à l’augmentation de la perméabilité vasculaire, et aux anomalies de la vasoréactivité. L’activation non-contrôlée de l’endothélium entraîne ainsi une inflammation chronique et la formation de structures vasculaires anarchiques. Les premiers leucocytes à répondre à l’appel inflammatoire sont les neutrophiles. Equippées d’une panoplie de produits antibactériens puissants mais aussi nocifs pour les tissus qui les entourent, ces cellules polylobées participent à chaque étape du processus inflammatoire, depuis l’induction de l’hyperperméabilité vasculaire jusqu’à la résolution. En effet, grâce à leurs récepteurs, les neutrophiles détectent et interprètent les signaux biochimiques présents dans la circulation et à la surface de l’endothélium, et libèrent aussi leurs propres médiateurs tels le VEGF, les MMP, et l’interleukine-8 (IL-8), dont les effets sont à la fois paracrines et autocrines. Existent-ils d’autres modulateurs typiques de la fonction endothéliale capables d’influencer le comportement des neutrophiles? En effet, notre laboratoire a démontré que chez l’humain, une stimulation directe aux angiopoïétines incitait les neutrophiles à adhérer aux CE, à migrer, à synthétiser et à relâcher l’IL-8, voire même à vivre plus longtemps. La présence du récepteur des angiopoïétines, Tie2, à la surface des neutrophiles laisse présager que la famille possèderait d’autres fonctions leucocytaires encore non-identifiées. Par ailleurs, dans un modèle classique de l’angiogenèse in vivo (matrigel), nous avons observé que sous l’effet du FGF1 et 2, les ébauches des nouveaux vaisseaux étaient parfois accompagnées d’une infiltration de cellules granulocytaires. Ainsi, en partant de ces observations, l’objectif de nos études (présentées ci-après) était d’approfondir nos connaissances sur la relation entre neutrophiles et facteurs angiogéniques, notamment les FGF et les angiopoïétines. Par tests in vitro, nous avons confirmé que les neutrophiles humains exprimaient plusieurs récepteurs du FGF (FGFR1-4) d’une façon hétérogène, et qu’ils migraient vers un gradient des ligands FGF1 et 2. Par ailleurs, nous nous sommes intéressés aux voies de signalisation inflammatoires activées par les ligands FGF1, FGF2, Ang1 et Ang2. Grâce à une stratégie génique ciblant 84 gènes inflammatoires, nous avons identifié plusieurs cibles d’intérêt touchées par Ang1, dont certains membres de la famille de l’IL-1, alors qu’aucun des gènes testés n’avait changé de façon significative sous l’effet des FGF ou d’Ang2. Suite à des cinétiques approfondies, nous avons démontré qu’Ang1 stimulait la transcription de l’ARN messager de l’IL-1β, et augmentait simultanément la quantité de protéine immature (pro-IL-1β; inactive) et clivée (IL-1β « mature »; active). En parallèle, Ang1 augmentait la sécrétion de l’antagoniste naturel de l’IL-1β, l’IL-1RA, sans pour autant stimuler la relâche de l’IL-1β. A l’instar des endotoxines bactériennes dont les effets liés à l’IL-1 dépendaient de la kinase p38, ceux d’Ang1 découlaient presque entièrement des voies de signalisation du p42/44.

Analyse de la transnationalisation de l’action collective : proposition pour une géographie des solidarités transnationales.

Cet article propose une réflexion théorique autour de l’analyse des phénomènes de transnationalisation de l’action collective. L’approche du processus politique, approche dominante dans le champ de la transnationalisation, limite notre compréhension des pratiques de transnationalisation par sa conception du politique, du pouvoir et du changement social (partie I). Ces limites conceptuelles, qui ne sont pas nouvelles, prennent cependant une couleur particulière dans le cas des actions qui transcendent le territoire national et font resurgir la nécessité de penser l’action collective par le biais d’une « géographie » des solidarités transnationales (partie II). Finalement, nous décrivons le cas exemplaire de transnationalisation des solidarités que représente la Marche mondiale des femmes, qui contraste les apports respectifs de l’approche des processus politiques et celle proposée ici (partie III).

Une politique concernant les données issues d’un programme de recherches interventionnelles en santé mondiale

Article

High power N2 laser with a modified gas flow system and discharge geometry

A high power Nz laser of the double-Blumlein type having a modified gas flow system, electrode configuration, and discharge geometry with minimum inductance is described. By incorporating a triggere’d-pressurized spark gap switch, arc-free operation was achieved for a wide E/P range. The device gives a peak power in excess of 700 kW with a FWHM of 3 ns and an efficiency of 0.51%, which is remarkably high for a pulsed nitrogen laser system. The dependence of output power on parameters such as operating pressure, voltage, and repetition rate are discussed.

“Fabrication and characterization of polymer optical fibers for photonic device applications

Although the main application of optical fibers are in the field of telecommunication, optical fiber based sensors of various designs are becoming valuable devices for wide industrial applications. The advantages of optical fiber-based sensors include high sensitivity, insensitivity to electromagnetic radiation; spark free, light weight and minimal intrusiveness due to their relatively small size and deployment in harsh and hostile environments. It has been proved that POI-7 based sensors can be employed to detect a great variety of parameters including temperature, humidity, pressure, refractive index etc. The proposed thesis presented in six chapters deals with the work carried on dye doped and undoped POF for photonic device applications such as amplifier, laser and sensor

Sonnets.

Recopilación de los sonetos del escritor inglés William Shakespeare (siglo XVI). Recoge los textos originales y completos acompañados de una traducción, línea por línea en la página contigua, al inglés moderno, fácil de entender, que permitirá al lector comprender qué está pasando, qué dice cada personaje y porqué. Incluye comentarios y un índice de primeras líneas.