A internacionalização da indústria de software: uma avaliação das atividades desenvolvidas offshoring

A indústria de software se destaca por sua transversalidade em diversas cadeias produtivas. Também é de importante relevância para o desenvolvimento de um parque industrial consolidado, uma vez que, apresenta-se como peça chave no desenvolvimento das atividades ligadas a micro-eletrônica. Todavia, é um produto que possui características diferenciadas dos demais produtos manufaturados. Ou seja, é formado por uma seqüência de conhecimentos lógicos que delimitam quais são as funções que o produto irá desempenhar, tal formação concede um caráter de imaterialidade a este. O caráter imaterial e a dificuldade de mensurar o real valor agregado do software, devido a sua transversalidade, instigam a curiosidade para investigar os reais benefícios que o setor pode gerar para a estrutura produtiva de um determinado país. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar as grandes empresas de software e principalmente analisar os tipos de atividades que são desenvolvidas mundialmente por estas. Procura também analisar as atividades offshoring, isto é, aquelas que são realizadas por empresas multinacionais em outros países levando em conta a sua estratégia global. Busca também dar uma ênfase nas atividades realizadas no Brasil, com isto procura mapear o papel dos países em desenvolvimento nestas atividades. A metodologia será desenvolvida a partir de coleta do material bibliográfico, com dois propósitos distintos: entender os tipos de atividades do setor, dinâmica concorrencial, etapas do processo produtivo, evolução histórica e mercado; e também um estudo do processo de internacionalização, focando o fenômeno de offshoring e as estratégias competitivas das empresas do setor. O acompanhamento dos relatórios anuais das empresas da amostra e de notícias veiculadas em periódicos especializados levará a elaboração de “Dossiês Corporativos”... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

O valor da elaboração de relatórios de sustentabilidade para as empresas de mineração

Sustainability has been moving up on the business agenda in recent decades, and many methods to assess corporate sustainability have already been created. One of the most used and reliable methods is the Sustainability Reporting Guidelines of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Given the importance of sustainability for society and organizations, this study examined sustainability reports published by mining companies – Alcoa, Vale and Samarco – since 2006. The objective was to verify the indicators that contribute most to the minimization of environmental impacts and the improvement of environmental performance. The methodology consisted of collecting and analyzing data from the GRI sustainability reports. It was discovered that the sustainability reports helped the companies to identify improvement opportunities and it is essential companies provide in their reports an economic, environmental and social context of their activities. Furthermore, it was found out that the indicators related to atmospheric emissions, solid waste generation, environmental protection expenditure, and the consumption of raw materials, energy and water are the ones more attached to the production process, which means they are the main contributors for the environmental performance improvement

Recuperação de resíduos plásticos provenientes dos processos de injeção

The competitiveness among global markets, the constant need for reducing manufacturing costs and also the growing environmental commitments are fueling the development of techniques for recovery residual parts generated by industrial processes. Among the various areas of a company, we highlight those that involve the processing of raw materials derived from oil, such as polymers (resins), which may take centuries to decompose in the environment and also present as a economic and environmentally strategic point. Thus, this study would examine the recovery of waste polypropylene, from the injection process of a major multinational in the field of home appliances through the recycling by a process comprising the milling, extrusion and chipping of waste material. Easy to deploy, this proposal aims to reduce levels negligible disposal (scrap) of these residues as well as the reintegration of the production process into pieces no visual and no structural importance, aimed at cutting costs and reducing environmental impacts caused. After the survey data in kilograms of waste material generated in a given period of time, and the study of changes in material properties, it would enable the reuse steadily in the injection process

Sobre as considerações de uma concepção de um projeto de um forno cerâmico

The current competitiveness of the market has generated the need to minimize the cost of production companies in any field of activity, aimed at reducing the cost of production, the cost of purchasing and manufacturing processes interruption of manufacturing processes for possible maintenance. In this sense, companies are seeking methods to improve and streamline their production line. In ceramics industries, cooking the pieces is the portion of the production process that influences the total costs. The oven construction and maintenance represent a large portion embedded in the cost of the final ceramic product. The proposal for a type of oven for baking the parts that takes into account a better burning process, knowledge of the causes of disease and cost analysis of purchasing both of the constituent materials and labor for its construction, can be significant importance to the composition of final product costs or time analysis of ROI. It is proposed a streamlined design of an oven that takes into account the positive characteristics of the furnaces already built and that the experience has endorsed, and also others that are added at the end, lead to a reduction in production cost, the cost income and the number of pathologies arising from wear of the furnace along the lifespan. Therefore, according to the experiences gained over the years in the construction of furnaces and experience of manufacturing of ceramic, it is proposed a project that has an oven improvement over those now being built and that include, among other topics, economy in fuel burning, streamlining the building process

Avaliação do desempenho ambiental da produção canavieira com colheita mecanizada: contribuição à implantação de um sistema simplificado de gestão ambiental da propriedade

The consuming of the natural resources in the agricultural sector does not represent only one external factor of the productive process, but also it implies in a bigger cost for the production, justified for this environmental degradation. In view of the necessity of evaluating the sustainment of the agricultural businesses, the use of performance indicators if makes of extreme importance. The measurement of the support through environmentalindicators is one of the most accepted forms of performing the evaluation of one given agricultural activity. In this context, the Base System for Eco-certification of Agricultural Businesses (Eco-cert Rural) developed by the Embrapa Environment at Jaguariúna/SP, has for purpose to present a method of evaluation of the agricultural businesses, not only of the point of view of the ecological performance, as well as considering the social, economic and organizational aspects. Through the analysis of the performance of the activity and the regularization of the disconformities found, it makes possible the eco-certification of the activities in the varied existing protocols, offering technologies designed to the sustainable development of the agricultural businesses. Using Eco-cert.Rural, this work evaluated the contribution of the use of mechanized harvest in sugar cane handling, front to the traditional system of manual harvest, using the fire. In the Sugar Cane Activity General Performance Index, Agrícola Rio Claro scored 2,08 of a maximum of 15. Amongst all the indicators, those wich reached performance worse had been related to the Use of Energy and the Income, by increasing fossil fuel consumptiom, and implying income concentration due to resignations of rural workers. However, the improvements on the environment quality by supressing manual harvest through fire are very significant. Beyond the great reduction in...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avaliação ambiental em empresas do distrito industrial Antônio Crepaldi, Presidente Prudente/SP

The sustainable development is the center of many discussions about the environment, economy and society. Environmental issues bring out problems with the fauna and flora, water resources, land use, population growth, residues, basic sanitation, and others. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to develop an environmental diagnostics and propose measures to mitigate the most significant environmental impacts generated by four enterprises in Antonio Crepaldi Industrial District, located at the city of Presidente Prudente/SP. In the study, it was used the methodology proposed by Moreira (2006), and it was done the following activities: monitoring and analyses of the production process, identification of potential environmental aspects and impacts; assessment of the impacts according to its nature, relevance and significance; proposition of measures to mitigate the critical impacts. As a final result, it was obtained an environmental diagnosis about the situation of each of the four companies studied, and it was possible to know the level of criticality of the impacts in each one, and proposing mitigation measures to control or minimizing them, bringing many benefits to the organization

O grupo cervejeiro nacional petrópolis na evolução do capitalismo brasileiro: concorrência e expansão territorial

The processes resulting from globalization are backdrop for the work. On the other hand the Regulation Theory is theoretical north that drives research directions. Considering these two basis, we studied the formation of economic groups as a consequence of the processes of concentration and centralization of capital, giving more emphasis on their national character. We see how they went through the restructuring process in the transition from Fordist accumulation regime to a flexible system of accumulation. We 'll discuss the brewery industry and how major industry groups are currently creating a sector overview, ranging from the productive process to the forms of competition among large companies. Specifically we will see the Petrópolis Group this framework and how the company relates to the territory, and what answers we have of this relationship in terms of local development in the territories where the group entered, and territorial changes which have occurred there

As teorias administrativas e a gestão escolar

Esta pesquisa busca identificar a corrente administrativa proposta para a gestão escolar e consequentemente o atual papel do diretor nesta instituição. Para tanto o estudo das teorias administrativas empresariais servirá de base para a compreensão dos conceitos que a norteiam à análise dos aspectos negativos de sua influência nas questões escolares e à possibilidade de sua utilização no sistema educativo. A escola, enquanto organização social tem o direito e a necessidade de ser administrada eficientemente, por um processo que considere a peculiaridade do seu processo produtivo. Desta maneira há a necessidade de que o gestor por ela responsável compreenda as particularidades do processo escolar e se utilize de uma(s) concepção(s) administrativa que potencialize seus resultados

Modelo de flexibilidade de manufatura em processos de submontagem

Through observation of production process of a Vale do Paraiba’s automobile industry, one can encounter in need of improvement related to large uncertainties and variations in the production environment, a fact that inspired the search for solutions that can respond quickly to these changes. This way, the paper describes the development of a flexible manufacturing model, which aims to optimize the process in an automotive sub-assembly industry of the Paraíba Valley. The main objective is to propose a method to promote viable alternatives to easing the assembly of parallel sub performed the assembly of cars. For the construction of the model was necessary to explore concepts of flexible manufacturing and making the data presented in literature, which were vital to ensure the development of the method. The concepts discussed are usually presented at an undergraduate degree in Engineering. Data compiled by the model are able to serve as a strategic benchmark for decision making by managers. Featuring alternative response variables and uncertainties of the organizational environment, a fact that facilitates the management of human resources and productive

Gestão ambiental na produção avícola: estudo de caso

The present study addresses the application of the Environmental Management System in chicken production on a farm owned by the Nardo brothers, located in the city of Guapiaçu/SP (Brazil). The objectives were to analyze the process of solid waste generation, destination and forms of treatment in this activity; propose measures to reduce the use of potable water for non-potable ends; determine other measures identified through a questionnaire drafted by Embrapa (Brazilian Agriculture Research Cooperative) and administered to employees who have direct involvement in the productive process; pay visits to chicken production enterprises; and employ the guidelines proposed by the National Fowl-Breeding Sanitation Program that guide the application of the Environmental Management System. Adequate management of waste was put into effect through the construction of a compost shed capable of meeting current production demands, in which all procedures were accompanied – from civil construction to the commercialization process of the organic fertilizer generated. The rain-gathering system for the roofs of the pens proposed to reduce the consumption of potable ground water destined for washing the floors of the pens was completely dimensioned and budgeted, allowing the motivated owners to place the project into effect in a timely fashion. Other simpler but no less important proposals were also made in order to bring the production up to the required quality standards.

Aumento na precisão de indicadores de produção: um estudo de caso na indústria têxtil

TThis work deals with present how to increase the accuracy of productivity indicators, aiming to increase the information accuracy of performance indicators and propose improvements to the process in question, more specifically to improve the visualization of information from these indicators for all hierarchical levels of the company, and then make possible use them to assist in the processes of decision making and planning of the production process. We start with an analysis of the current process to be studied seeking sources of information losses during the production process. Afterwards, a specific analysis of the points considered critical, so alternatives are raised for improvements to these points. This project has some specific tools and methodologies that guide the development of work which are required of any project carried out in the company

Redução do tempo de ciclo baseado na produção enxuta em uma rémontagem de tubos de freios e combustível

In today's competitive environment of automakers, it is essential to obtain the highest efficiency of the production process. This paper presents a study in a pre-assembly of brake pipes and fuel of a vehicle where the value stream maps and information (VSM – Value Stream Mapping) were designed in order to improve the process by reducing the Lead Time Production of a product, reducing waste and decrease time between processes. This work can be divided into three stages, the first building the VSM of the initial state, the second VSM of the proposed state and finally the VSM than was actually performed and to present the gains were achieved effectively. The proposed VSM would lead to a gain of 54% in lead time and 61% in processing time, since the VSM implemented had gains of 47% in lead time and 48% in processing time even without major investments as originally proposed. Concluding that even without big investment, using the techniques of lean manufacturing is possible to achieve high levels of process efficiency

Análise do desempenho físico-mecânico de painéis compensados de Pinus sp. produzidos com adesivos aquosos a base de poliacetato de vinila e de homopolímero vinílico

This study aimed to evaluate the physico-mechanical performance of three PVA adhesive formulations according to the Brazilian standards for plywood testing and to evaluate the results with those presented in the technical literature and specified in normative documents. The study presents the production process of the panels, the obtaining of samples and, finally, the implementation of physico-mechanical characterization tests based on plywood Brazilian standards. For the panels production it was used a gramature of 120 g / m² and applied a pressure of 15 bars and two temperature combinations and pressing time for each adhesive. The commercial adhesives used were PVA 1810, PVA 1060 and Vinyltec 239. The physical tests conducted were thickness swelling, density, moisture content and water absorption. The mechanical tests were static flexion, for the determination of elasticity modulus (MOE) and rupture modulus (MOR), and shear in the glue line. Among the three formulations studied none showed good performance in the presence of water. However, other trials in the adhesive showed better results and closer to the commercially equivalent used, in the case the urea-formaldehyde, was the PVA 1810, that can be applied in non-structural uses and in environments without the presence of moisture

Análise da recepção de um programa de transformação de cultura organizacional em uma empresa de tecnologia

The Organizational Culture has been in the spotlight in the last 25 years, studies show the influence of the culture in the production processes and in the strategy decisions of the companies. Changes in the organizational culture is necessary in key-moments of the corporation and this transformation moment influences directly the personal life and the professional life of the employees. The objective of this monograph is to verify the application of the “Transformation Program”, which is the changing program of a technology enterprise, and to attest the acceptation degree and the knowledge of the employees about the program, as well the main difficulties found by the company while implementing the project. Using a quantitative pool, the acceptation degree, the knowledge of the employees and their engagement with the Transformation Program were analyzed by checking the favorability of the answers and comparing the percentage of the whole company and its locations, besides with the results an understanding change curve was created, it identifies the stage that he employees are during the changing process. An interview with the actual and the previous program officers and two project managers was done, in order to identify their alignment with the theory and their perception about the difficulties found while applying the program. It was noted that the employees have heard about the Transformation Program and the majority is in the exploration phase of the understanding change curve, although it is necessary an special attention with the leaders, because the researches showed that the leaders are acting like a bottleneck in the communications by keeping the information that should be shared

Valoração do tratamento de efluentes de um curtume

During the production process of leather a lot of water is used. In addition, companies such as tanneries have high pollution potential. The effluent that is not properly treated , and it is irregularly released in water bodies can cause negative impacts to the environment and generate fines. The aim of this paper is to present the importance of environmental valuation in the effluent treatment system of a tannery, in order to add social and economic development with preservation of environmental quality. A valuation of inputs and outputs of the effluent treatment process from Tannery Bull in Presidente Prudente was made, as well as a proposal to improve the treatment and its valuation. Many of these industries do not account the costs from the effluent treatment and end up spending what could have been avoided. The management of environmental costs promotes sustainable development. Thus, we can conclude that, if there were better control and also an improved management of the tannery, the proposed treatment would bring economic improvement to the company and specially it would not cause much impact on the environment, including improving the quality of life in the region