Avaliação de funcionamento das bombas hidráulicas do sistema de tratamento de efluentes da Empresa Parker Hannifin

On the field of the projects of hydraulic systems exists a lot of worries when we talk about the calculate of hydraulic pumps. In this case some facts must be considerate: length of tubes, fluid characteristics, height gauge, temperature, pressure, characteristics of tubes, flow required and others. For that mathematic calculates must be developed with the objective to optimize hydraulic pumps and agree to find an ideal machine (that don't requires more energy than necessary or less energy than it requires; that is the more critical case, cause exists the risk that the fluid pumped do not agree to become in your destiny). The wrong calculate of this machine can super-size its, bringing an excessive energy consumption. Actually it's an important subject because we are in the age of lack of energy what turn it more expensive. So the correct sizing of a hydraulic pump is connected with the fact that you have to uses the enough energy resources avoiding waste. The calculate of ideal pump in the pumping system is studied during years and a lot of specialists in this subject develop equations and theories to calculate its. Some researches study about this subject and all of them become to the same conclusion: to find the ideal pump we have to know the characteristics of fluid (cinematic viscosity), the required flow , overall yield (overall of motor x overall of pump) the high gauge or discharge pressure and the loss of repression. The pressure drop can be calculated with different theories: using Hazen-Williams, Darcy e Weisbach or Chézy (1775 - that starts the researches to calculate the pressure drop). Although the most used theory and what is most near to reality is the Darcy's equation. So, in this job the Darcy's equation were choice to calculate the drop pressure that consider what kind of flow we are studying: laminar or turbulent. The determination of the best pump to be used in the ... ( complete abstract click eletronic access below)

Estudo de causas de falhas em selos mecânicos de bombas centrífugas para circulação de óleo térmico

This study is about a heating line that uses thermal oil. It is located in a facility that produces interlayers used in cars windshields. A plastic resin is melted and is sent to a matrix called DIE where the interlayers are produced. The DIE needs to receive heat from the circulation of thermal oil in four different regions of its interior, to ensure the correct thickness of the interlayer. The thermal energy is provided by electric heaters and the flow of thermal oil is impelled by four mechanically sealed centrifugal pumps (one per region). The key point of this study is the fact that these four pumps of the system have reported successive failures in the mechanical seals. Apparently, a poorly designed project has burdened the system intermittently. The pumps operation condition is located in a region of low efficiency, according to the characteristic curves. This fact is the source of the noticeable reduced time between failures. Changes in the configuration of the facility and in the number of pumps will be proposed, aiming to achieve higher operational efficiency. The proposals will be mathematically analyzed according to the Hydraulic Institute criteria. At the same time, we will also keep focus on an in-depth study of a heating system structure, starting with a detailed approach for each component and discussion about its real need and economic viability. At the end of this paper it is shown that the gain in efficiency achieved with the new proposed configuration reflects not only in the reduction of maintenance costs, but also a potential improvement in energy efficiency. It is shown that these two aspects are closely related and together form the basis for the design of a reliable and efficient pumping system

Análise da viabilidade econômica na implantação de inversores frequência em sistemas de bombeamento

The present work aims to conduct a study of the economic feasibility of the implementation of variable frequency inverters in pump systems with variable flow rates. The concern with the reduction of energy expenditure in industries raised in 2001 due to the energy crisis that hit Brazil at that time, forcing industries to reduce their electric costs under penalty of fines if this were not done (MOREIRA, 2008). Frequency inverter is an electronic device that allow greater control in the operation of pumping systems and also a reduction in electrical consumption, being a viable solution to achieve a reduction in energy consumption. For the development of this work, approaching important topics in pumping systems was necessary in order to make a correct choice of hydraulic pumping and also other components responsible for the operation of the system , such as electric motors and frequency inverters. In the case study, a theoretical analysis of the behavior of electrical consumption in systems with variable flow rates was performed, comparing when the system is operated via frequency inverters and when the system is operated without such a device. As expected, the result of the implantation of the device was quite satisfactory, and the primary goal of reducing energy expenditure was achieved. Also important to highlight the environmental issue of this work, as all forms of energy production affects nature in some way, achieving a reduction in consumption also contributes indirectly in environmental conservation

Detecção de marcadores de resistência a múltiplas drogas na pele de cães com infecção natural por Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi (Cunha e Chagas, 1937) Shaw, 2002, submetidos a diferentes protocolos de tratamento

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Phyllosticta citricarpa: diversidade genética temporal em pomares de citrus sinensis e sensibilidade a fungicidas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Physicothermal properties of aqueous sodium chloride solutions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In vitro effect of calcium-containing prescription-strength fluoride toothpastes on bovine enamel erosion under hyposalivation-simulating conditions

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of calcium-containing prescription-strength fluoride (F) toothpastes in preventing enamel erosion under low salivary flow simulating conditions. Methods: Enamel and dentin bovine specimens were assigned to the following groups: A - placebo; B - 1,100 ppm F/NaF (Aquafresh Advanced); C - 5,000 ppm F/NaF (Prevident 5000 Booster); D - 5000 ppm F/NaF+calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Topex Renew); and E - 5,000 ppm F/NaF+tri-calcium phosphate (Clinpro 5000). Specimens were positioned in custom-made devices, creating a sealed chamber on the surface, connected to peristaltic pumps. Citric acid was injected into the chamber for 2 minutes, followed by artificial saliva (0.05 ml/minute), for 60 minutes, 4x/day, for 3 days. Aquafresh was also tested under normal salivary flow (0.5 ml/minute), as reference (Group F). Specimens were exposed to the toothpastes for 2 minutes, 2x/day. After cycling, surface loss (SL) and concentration of loosely- and firmly-bound F were determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results: Group A (placebo) presented highest surface loss (SL), while Group F had the lowest, for both substrates. For enamel, none of the dentifrices differed from Group B or among each other. For dentin, none of the dentifrices differed from Group B, but Group E showed greater protection than Group C. Group E presented the highest F concentrations for both substrates, only matched by Group D for firmly-bound fluoride on enamel. All fluoridated dentifrices tested reduced SL, with no additional benefit from higher F concentrations. Some formulations, especially Clinpro 5000, increased F availability on the dental substrates, but no further erosion protection was observed.

Estudo dos mecanismos de resistência e virulência de isolados de Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii e quantificação de genes de bomba de efluxo pós tratamento com Galatos de Alquila

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização dos compostos derivados de furoxano como inibidores da atividade de bombas de efluxo em Mycobacterium tuberculosis e estudo da influência do efluxo e da halotolerância nos perfis de resistência do bacilo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O papel da ciclooxigenase-2 da pressão arterial na lesão renal de ratos submetidos à infusão contínua de angiotensina II

Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação dos riscos assistenciais relacionados ao uso de equipamentos hospitalares na unidade de terapia intensiva de adultos de um hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Desenvolvimento de uma planilha eletrônica em VBA para o dimensionamento didático de instalações de recalque de água

This study aims to develop a computer program based on VBA programming language, using Microsoft Excel, for designing pumping systems of water. The program allows the user to determine the economical diameter, using the equation of Bresse, for a given installation, since the geometric elevation, the material of the tube, the accessories along the line and the volumetric flow are known. In addition, the program estimates the total annual cost of the installation for three different diameters, in order to compare which diameter is more advantageous from an economical perspective. The program interface is designed to be simple and intuitive with the intention of being didactic and offering to engineering students an advantageous tool to analyze this type of project. Microsoft Excel was chosen for this work because is present in virtually all personal computer, and is an indispensable tool for educational purposes

Aproveitamento da água de chuva para fins não potáveis para um condomínio sustentável: um estudo de caso

The End of Course Work this aims, the hydrological cycle of water on our planet, and explain about its importance in the lives of living beings, finally, carry out a detailed analysis regarding the financial feasibility of implementing a system Shauer sustainable in the condominium, the first being the pickup of river water, which will use a reservoir for capitation and filtering, a reservoir for water storage filtered and pumps that will redirects it to outside faucets and toilets use in residences

APR e FMEA em trocador de calor de bomba

The modernization of the world made the speed, accuracy and reliability of all existing processes become increasingly necessary. For this evolution to occur every day, the evolution of the equipment was strategic, but not as much as needed. It is necessary for such equipment to ensure its function and, in case of failure, an early diagnosis to prevent loss. Therefore the evolution of maintainability and reliability in equipment is also paramount. Thus, the growth of forms of maintenance was driven by this scenario, forming maintenance philosophies. Among many, there is the RCM, which have its focus on the identification, parameters development and performance preview. One of those methodologies from this idea is the FMEA, process that has been studied and implemented this work, aiming the anticipation of failure modes and guidance for the use of a heat exchanger and a pump. This implementation has the aid of another process of RCM, the PHA, which was also shown and implemented, these results being used to start the FMEA process. The results show the activities with the highest chance of failure, presenting also the measures to be taken to avoid or minimize them. It is shown, in this paper, concern with the valves because they maintain control and system security, and its flaws related to accidents with possible danger to people and the whole system, emphasizing the priority of action

Desenvolvimento de conjunto membrana-eletrodos para célula a combustível de metanol direto passiva

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) without external pumps or other ancillary devices for fuel and oxidant supply are known as passive DMFCs and are potential candidates to replace lithium-ion batteries in powering portable electronic devices. This paper presents the results obtained from a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) specifically designed for passive DMFCs. Appropriated electrocatalysts were prepared and the effect of their loadings was investigated. Two types of gas diffusion layers (GDL) were also tested. The influence of the methanol concentration was analyzed in each case. The best MEA performance presented a maximum power density of 11.94 mW cm^-2.