1000 resultados para Marchinha de carnaval História 1930-1940
Resumo:
In this work, we investigate the symbolic construction of a particular spatiality, starting from the theoretical assumption that spaces are subjective constructions guided by different cultures, feelings and rationales, but mostly spaces are human constructs driven by social relations, as a result of the material investment and symbol that reflects the needs of a particular society at a given time of historical development. Accordingly, we analyze the construction and symbolic imagery of the central region of Portugal, the Alentejo, from the literary production (1916 1930) the English poet Florbela Espanca D'Alma Conception Espanca. Thus, we propose to analyze the florbelian work not only from its internal relations, but also external, emphasizing the link between history, space and literature. Thus, we propose to inquire about the symbolic dimension the meanings of images and representations which prompted one of the most controversial Portuguese poets of the early twentieth to look into the poetic construction of space Alentejo century, questioning not only the senses brokered by speech literary Florbela Espanca to invent your Alentejo, adorned with memories, pain and longing, but investigate how the socio-cultural environment influenced your work, in your life and ways to feel and live the Alentejo. To better understand how the poet means the Alentejo spatiality, throughout this work we question three categories of space in the work of Florbela Espanca: the region, the countryside and the landscape of the Alentejo. Thus, this research falls within the field of cultural history in the medical we will work with the entire literary output Florbela Espanca, letters, diaries, photos and biographical and literary criticism, by establishing the time frame of 1916 beginning of intellectual activity Florbela Spank the 1930 publication of Blossom Heath (posthumous) and the suicide of the poet. Therefore, a constant symbolic exercise of words crossed by more subjective feelings of the subject, all the time our work will be guided by the question of what would be the Alentejo for the poet, who senses and meanings across this spatiality that marked so sovereignly happiest memories and sad life Florbela Espanca.
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This research objective is to analyze the historical aspects of the city Capela de Nossa Senhora da Piedade de Campo Formoso, located in the micro region Pires do Rio, southeast of Gois in the period of the First Republic, 1989-1930. To understand a city is to try to understand the individuals who inhabit it, as they are the ones who are responsible for the structures that forms that space. Therefore this thesis brings to the historiography a study of the city of Capela de Nossa Senhora da Piedade de Campo Formoso through various mechanisms as oral sources, official documents of the municipality collected in public bodies of the city made available in town halls, municipal public and archive file of the prefecture. These sources have helped us to make the knowledge of the place approached. The Republic has brought to different places of Brazil expectations and/or solutions, of innovations that modernized in order to erase the marks the old colonial system. The cities to be created would be part of the molds republicans and this way, should follow models ready coming, basically, from European countries. However, the city of the Capela de Nossa Senhora da Piedade de Campo Formoso is outside of this process moderniser, having been relegated by several years to difficulties of a distant region and without resources. The historiography of Gois summarizes the period of the arrival of the railroad in the southern region of the State, such as a time of progress in all the sectors of the life of this society. Then, to understand the specificity of Campo Formoso, we approached from the documentary sources exist various elements constitutor city history: its political constitution formed by the most affluent of the city, the strength of the colonels, the role of the Church as a political power. These power relations in the region were decisive for the deviation of the railroad. In this way, also we sought to analyze how the process of urbanization has occurred and which represented for the history of the city Capela de Nossa Senhora da Piedade de Campo Formoso the passage of the Railroad Gois not within its limits. In the meantime we situate the special policies of a city in the interior of Gois, which is on the edge of a project set up as amodernizer moved by the First Republic.
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En las primeras dcadas del siglo XX, la preocupacin por la degeneracin de la especie humana, por la debilidad psquica y mental de la poblacin, fue muy extendida en pases europeos y en Latinoamrica, con lo que la eugenesia, o ciencia del mejoramiento racional de la raza, concit enorme inters. Para los fines eugensicos, la cultura fsica -en cooperacin con la medicina, la higiene, la educacin sexual y la puericultura- ocupaba un lugar fundamental. En este trabajo nos interesa, en primer lugar, examinar cmo fue posible que en Argentina la eugenesia lograra constituirse en una construccin social hegemnica, a la que adhirieron vertientes ideolgicas muy dismiles, incluso opuestas en muchos sentidos. Y, en segundo lugar, centrarnos en el papel atribuido a la educacin fsica para una determinada manera de conceptualizar los fines eugensicos, con fuerte carga ideolgica para construir la otredad, en los discursos educativos hegemnicos de la dcada de 1930, en particular en la Reforma Educativa para la Provincia de Buenos Aires propuesta a fin de 1936 por el gobernador Manuel Fresco y su ministro de gobierno Roberto J. Noble
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En las primeras dcadas del siglo XX, la preocupacin por la degeneracin de la especie humana, por la debilidad psquica y mental de la poblacin, fue muy extendida en pases europeos y en Latinoamrica, con lo que la eugenesia, o ciencia del mejoramiento racional de la raza, concit enorme inters. Para los fines eugensicos, la cultura fsica -en cooperacin con la medicina, la higiene, la educacin sexual y la puericultura- ocupaba un lugar fundamental. En este trabajo nos interesa, en primer lugar, examinar cmo fue posible que en Argentina la eugenesia lograra constituirse en una construccin social hegemnica, a la que adhirieron vertientes ideolgicas muy dismiles, incluso opuestas en muchos sentidos. Y, en segundo lugar, centrarnos en el papel atribuido a la educacin fsica para una determinada manera de conceptualizar los fines eugensicos, con fuerte carga ideolgica para construir la otredad, en los discursos educativos hegemnicos de la dcada de 1930, en particular en la Reforma Educativa para la Provincia de Buenos Aires propuesta a fin de 1936 por el gobernador Manuel Fresco y su ministro de gobierno Roberto J. Noble
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Este artculo analiza una dinmica de intervenciones de Estados Unidos en Amrica Latina que no ha atrado suficientemente la atencin de los historiadores. En los aos treinta y cuarenta, cuando Europa se hunda en una nueva confrontacin blica, ciertos sectores del gobierno y del mundo empresarial norteamericano intentaron articular una nueva relacin con los pases del continente basada en una propuesta de multilateralismo que se haba configurado dentro de la Sociedad de Naciones (SN). Estos estadounidenses intentaron establecer una dinmica de relaciones triangulares con los gobiernos latinoamericanos y los organismos tcnicos de la SN. Gracias a ello, como se mostrar en este artculo para el caso del funcionamiento del Comit Fiscal de la Sociedad de Naciones, los latinoamericanos fueron capaces de influir en el tipo de polticas que deban emanar de esta relacin triangular. La importancia de esta historia no es menor. La relacin triangular entre Estados Unidos, Amrica Latina y la SN sirvi de base para la reconstruccin de la gobernanza global liderada por los Estados Unidos tras la guerra.
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En las primeras dcadas del siglo XX, la preocupacin por la degeneracin de la especie humana, por la debilidad psquica y mental de la poblacin, fue muy extendida en pases europeos y en Latinoamrica, con lo que la eugenesia, o ciencia del mejoramiento racional de la raza, concit enorme inters. Para los fines eugensicos, la cultura fsica -en cooperacin con la medicina, la higiene, la educacin sexual y la puericultura- ocupaba un lugar fundamental. En este trabajo nos interesa, en primer lugar, examinar cmo fue posible que en Argentina la eugenesia lograra constituirse en una construccin social hegemnica, a la que adhirieron vertientes ideolgicas muy dismiles, incluso opuestas en muchos sentidos. Y, en segundo lugar, centrarnos en el papel atribuido a la educacin fsica para una determinada manera de conceptualizar los fines eugensicos, con fuerte carga ideolgica para construir la otredad, en los discursos educativos hegemnicos de la dcada de 1930, en particular en la Reforma Educativa para la Provincia de Buenos Aires propuesta a fin de 1936 por el gobernador Manuel Fresco y su ministro de gobierno Roberto J. Noble
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This dissertation seeks to discern the impact of social housing on public health in the cities of Glasgow, Scotland and Baltimore, Maryland in the twentieth century. Additionally, this dissertation seeks to compare the impact of social housing policy implementation in both cities, to determine the efficacy of social housing as a tool of public health betterment. This is accomplished through the exposition and evaluation of the housing and health trends of both cities over the course of the latter half of the twentieth century. Both the cities of Glasgow and Baltimore had long struggled with both overcrowded slum districts and relatively unhealthy populations. Early commentators had noticed the connection between insanitary housing and poor health, and sought a solution to both of these problems. Beginning in the 1940s, housing reform advocates (self-dubbed housers') pressed for the development of social housing, or municipally-controlled housing for low-income persons, to alleviate the problems of overcrowded slum dwellings in both cities. The impetus for social housing was twofold: to provide affordable housing to low-income persons and to provide housing that would facilitate healthy lives for tenants. Whether social housing achieved these goals is the crux of this dissertation. In the immediate years following the Second World War, social housing was built en masse in both cities. Social housing provided a reprieve from slum housing for both working-class Glaswegians and Baltimoreans. In Baltimore specifically, social housing provided accommodation for the citys Black residents, who found it difficult to occupy housing in White neighbourhoods. As the years progressed, social housing developments in both cities faced unexpected problems. In Glasgow, stable tenant flight (including both middle class and skilled artisan workers)+ resulted in a concentration of poverty in the citys housing schemes, and in Baltimore, a flight of White tenants of all income levels created a new kind of state subsidized segregated housing stock. The implementation of high-rise tower blocks in both cities, once heralded as a symbol of housing modernity, also faced increased scrutiny in the 1960s and 1970s. During the period of 1940-1980, before policy makers in the United States began to eschew social housing for subsidized private housing vouchers and community based housing associations had truly taken off in Britain, public health professionals conducted academic studies of the impact of social housing tenancy on health. Their findings provide the evidence used to assess the second objective of social housing provision, as outlined above. Put simply, while social housing units were undoubtedly better equipped than slum dwellings in both cities, the public health investigations into the impact of rehousing slum dwellers into social housing revealed that social housing was not a panacea for each citys social and public health problems.
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El objetivo de este artculo es discutir las caractersticas de un conjunto de mensajes sobre la Revolucin de 1930 e Getulio Vargas publicados en la Revista O Cruzeiro para el ms poderoso conglomerado de comunicaciones del pas de la poca, los Diarios Associados. La revista Cruzeiro era el nico peridico de circulacin nacional y uno de los ms importantes vehculos de los medios de comunicacin brasileos. El 8 de noviembre de 1930, cinco das despus de la posesin de Vargas en el gobierno, la revista public un extenso reportaje sobre los acontecimientos revolucionarios desde sus preparativos hasta la victoria final. Hubo tambin la impresin de un conjunto de imgenes de Getulio Vargas en la condicin de organizador de la Revolucin, conductor y lder victorioso tomando posesin de la presidencia. Se considera por lo tanto, esa edicin como significativa, en un esfuerzo para atribuir los significados al conjunto de eventos, que abarca la gestacin del proyecto revolucionario, su desarrollo marcado por la incertidumbre y en ltima instancia la victoria. En la realizacin del reportaje son bastante repetidos trminos adicionales como: Nacin y Regin, Lder y Pueblo, presidente y jefe, que ayudaban a comprobar significados al discurso visual creado por la revista.
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Tese (doutorado)Universidade de Braslia, Instituto de Cincias Humanas, Departamento de História, Programa de Ps-Graduao em História, 2016.
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Tratando-se de uma publicao espanhola, o ttulo e o resumo so apresentados em espanhol mas o artigo est em portugus.
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A la fin du XIXe sicle, les technologies modernes lies l'lectricit et ses applications ont t introduites au Portugal sans rel dcalage par rapport aux autres pays. Toutefois, jusquaux annes 1910, malgr plusieurs rformes des instituts industriels et des coles polytechniques, la formation en lectrotechnique tait reste insuffisante pour que les ingnieurs portugais puissent acqurir les comptences indispensables l'installation et l'exploitation des technologies lectriques. Mme si, depuis la fin du sicle prcdent, eu gard limportance croissante de llectricit et de ses applications, on tentait de mettre en place des cours spcifiques. Aussi, pour pallier leurs manques, quelques ingnieurs portugais partaient-ils complter leur formation dans les principales institutions europeennes comme l'Institut Montefiore, annex l'Universit de Lige, lUniversit de Grenoble ou lUniversit de Nancy. Cest seulement en 1911 avec la cration de lInstitut Suprieur Technique de Lisbonne et lanne suivante de la Facult technique de Porto, que les cours de gnie lectrotechnique ont t introduits au Portugal. Lorganisation de lInstitut Suprieur Technique fut confie Alfredo Bensade qui avait fait ses tudes suprieures en Allemagne. Lenseignement de lingnierie dans ce pays fut alors marqu par le principe : less theory and more pratice . On cherchait former des lves pour les orienter vers lindustrie Aprs la premire Guerre mondiale, on a pu prendre la mesure de la place des ingnieurs lectriciens dans lconomie et la socit portugaise avec lorganisation de 4 congrs dlectricit entre 1923 et 1931. Au 1er congrs portugais dingnierie en 1931, les ingnieurs lectriciens ont jou un rle dterminant, manifestant ainsi limportance de cette branche du gnie dans la socit au XIXe sicle.
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Este trabalho tem o objetivo de construir a idia de lugar do espetculo a partir de sua verificao no caso da Lapa, na rea central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Pretendemos transformar esta noo em um conceito tributrio do processo gerado pela Sociedade do Espetculo, que utiliza os fatores subjetivos que transformam o local em lugar para gerar uma ampliao de lucros. Alguns projetos de revitalizao de reas urbanas tradicionais, como a Lapa, transformam-se, predominantemente, em uma montagem de cenrios tpicos para atrair o turismo. A idia do espetculo aquela produzida pelos Situacionistas nos anos 1950. Os objetivos especficos so: fazer uma anlise comparativa da Lapa do perodo (1910 - 1940) ureo da boemia e da Lapa atual (a partir de 1990) e provarmos que o bairro, atualmente, predominantemente um lugar do espetculo, alm de demonstrar a importncia do lugar para a compreenso da organizao das cidades.O levantamento bibliogrfico ter continuidade. Realizaremos entrevistas com frequentadores e moradores, alm de observaes participativas. No estabeleceremos uma delimitao da rea da Lapa baseada em critrios administrativos. Seguiremos os textos pretritos e as impresses do que acontece hoje. Os limites vividos e as foras de representao sero predominantes nesta pesquisa.
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The first days of radioactivity, the discoveries of X-rays, radioactivity, of alpha- and beta- particles and gamma- radiation, of new radioactive elements, of artificial radioactivity, the neutron and positron and nuclear fission are reviewed as well as several adverse historical marks, such as the Manhattan project and some nuclear and radiological accidents. Nuclear energy generation in Brazil and the world, as an alternative to minimize environmental problems, is discussed, as are the medicinal, industrial and food applications of ionizing radiation. The text leads the reader to reflect on the subject and to consider its various aspects with scientific and technological maturity.
História, filosofia e sociologia da educao matemtica na formao do professor: um programa de pesquisa
Resumo:
We present and discuss in this article some features of a research program whose central object of investigation is the way in which the recent fields of history, philosophy, and sociology of mathematical education could take part in a critical and qualified manner in the initial and continuing training of teachers in this area. For that, we endorse the viewpoint that the courses for mathematics teacher education should be based on a conception of specificity through which a new pedagogical project could be established. In such project those new fields of investigation would participate, in an organic and clarifying way, in the constitution of multidimensional problematizations of school practices, in which mathematics would be involved, and that would be guided by academic investigations about the issues that currently challenge teachers in the critical work of incorporation, resignification, production, and transmission of mathematical culture in the context of the school institution.
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educao Fsica
