995 resultados para MORAL CRISTIANA


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UANL

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La educación religiosa de los hijos y la transmisión de la fe es una de las principales preocupaciones de las familias. Se ha producido un cambio en la estructura familiar y a ello tiene que adaptarse la educación cristiana de las familias. Según un informe de la Fundación Santa María existen tres tipos de familias: la familia no creyente y no transmiosora de creencias sin valores religiosos; la familia profundamente creyente y consecuente con sus creencias; y la familia de socialización religiosa difícil. Las principales dificultades para transmitir las creencias religiosas a los hijos son el relativismo cultural y moral de los padres; la falta de claridad de sus propios valores; y, sobre todo, el no saber cómo hacerlo.

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Se analiza la encíclica de Pío XI, Divini Illius Magistri, sobre la educación cristiana de la juventud, que defiende el enfoque tradicional conservador. Se busca una definición clara de la palabra educación, quiénes deben ser los agentes educaciones, el papel de la Iglesia como agente educador, la labor de la familia en la educación, las deficiencias que existen en ese momento, la relación entre la Iglesia y el Estado en materia de educación, y se concluye como colofón, con las normas del Código de Derecho Canónigo referentes a la labor educativa.

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Con motivo de este congreso de la federación española de colegios religiosos, cuyo tema fue la enseñanza de la religión y la vida cristiana. No puede concebirse la enseñanza de la vida cristiana prescindiendo de la enseñanza y educación de los jóvenes en la convivencia y sentido social. Esta convivencia no se aprende en los libros. La misión del educador es hacerle descubrir esta convivencia y sus errores para elegir el camino correcto. La enseñanza de la religión no puede ser una simple instrucción, sino que debe convertirse en una introducción en la vida cristiana. El papel de la Iglesia en la enseñanza debe ser valorado en su justa medida porque en España es fundamental y se debe ser consciente de que en otros países la situación es muy diferente. Por otra parte la falta de medios no debe suponer un obstáculo para la verdadera práctica y no debe frenar el afán de enseñar de los profesores. Se debe dotar a los centros de todas clase de instalaciones científicas, pero sin olvidar que es más importante la formación del espíritu en la honradez, la moral, la dignidad de la persona y el sentido cristiano de la sociedad.

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Se esbozan algunas ideas acerca de la instrucción y formación religiosa de la instrucción y formación religiosa de los sordomudos. Se trata de responder a preguntas como: ¿sirve el catecismo normal sin ilustraciones para estos niños cuyos oídos son los ojos? ¿Qué se puede hacer en cine mudo como vehículo de ideas gráficas? ¿Es muy difícil montar unos cursillos para sacerdotes y seminaristas de los últimos cursos de iniciación en la mímica y la psicología de los sordomudos? ¿Por qué en otras naciones, como Francia e Italia, existen sacerdotes sordomudos realizando apostolado entre sus semejantes y en España no? ¿Sería difícil conseguir formar un grupo selecto de sordomudos, sordoparlantes preparados con esmero en Religión para utilizarlos como instructores catequistas de los niños sordomudos?.

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Fil: Fóscolo, Norma. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales

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Sign. : []2, B4

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Tít. orig.: Le Trésor des enfants, Paris, 1810.

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Tít. en antep.: "Curso de agricultura práctica", y en mención de responsabilidad de port. consta: "autor del curso de agricultura práctica"

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Although internet chat is a significant aspect of many internet users’ lives, the manner in which participants in quasi-synchronous chat situations orient to issues of social and moral order remains to be studied in depth. The research presented here is therefore at the forefront of a continually developing area of study. This work contributes new insights into how members construct and make accountable the social and moral orders of an adult-oriented Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channel by addressing three questions: (1) What conversational resources do participants use in addressing matters of social and moral order? (2) How are these conversational resources deployed within IRC interaction? and (3) What interactional work is locally accomplished through use of these resources? A survey of the literature reveals considerable research in the field of computer-mediated communication, exploring both asynchronous and quasi-synchronous discussion forums. The research discussed represents a range of communication interests including group and collaborative interaction, the linguistic construction of social identity, and the linguistic features of online interaction. It is suggested that the present research differs from previous studies in three ways: (1) it focuses on the interaction itself, rather than the ways in which the medium affects the interaction; (2) it offers turn-by-turn analysis of interaction in situ; and (3) it discusses membership categories only insofar as they are shown to be relevant by participants through their talk. Through consideration of the literature, the present study is firmly situated within the broader computer-mediated communication field. Ethnomethodology, conversation analysis and membership categorization analysis were adopted as appropriate methodological approaches to explore the research focus on interaction in situ, and in particular to investigate the ways in which participants negotiate and co-construct social and moral orders in the course of their interaction. IRC logs collected from one chat room were analysed using a two-pass method, based on a modification of the approaches proposed by Pomerantz and Fehr (1997) and ten Have (1999). From this detailed examination of the data corpus three interaction topics are identified by means of which participants clearly orient to issues of social and moral order: challenges to rule violations, ‘trolling’ for cybersex, and experiences regarding the 9/11 attacks. Instances of these interactional topics are subjected to fine-grained analysis, to demonstrate the ways in which participants draw upon various interactional resources in their negotiation and construction of channel social and moral orders. While these analytical topics stand alone in individual focus, together they illustrate different instances in which participants’ talk serves to negotiate social and moral orders or collaboratively construct new orders. Building on the work of Vallis (2001), Chapter 5 illustrates three ways that rule violation is initiated as a channel discussion topic: (1) through a visible violation in open channel, (2) through an official warning or sanction by a channel operator regarding the violation, and (3) through a complaint or announcement of a rule violation by a non-channel operator participant. Once the topic has been initiated, it is shown to become available as a topic for others, including the perceived violator. The fine-grained analysis of challenges to rule violations ultimately demonstrates that channel participants orient to the rules as a resource in developing categorizations of both the rule violation and violator. These categorizations are contextual in that they are locally based and understood within specific contexts and practices. Thus, it is shown that compliance with rules and an orientation to rule violations as inappropriate within the social and moral orders of the channel serves two purposes: (1) to orient the speaker as a group member, and (2) to reinforce the social and moral orders of the group. Chapter 6 explores a particular type of rule violation, solicitations for ‘cybersex’ known in IRC parlance as ‘trolling’. In responding to trolling violations participants are demonstrated to use affiliative and aggressive humour, in particular irony, sarcasm and insults. These conversational resources perform solidarity building within the group, positioning non-Troll respondents as compliant group members. This solidarity work is shown to have three outcomes: (1) consensus building, (2) collaborative construction of group membership, and (3) the continued construction and negotiation of existing social and moral orders. Chapter 7, the final data analysis chapter, offers insight into how participants, in discussing the events of 9/11 on the actual day, collaboratively constructed new social and moral orders, while orienting to issues of appropriate and reasonable emotional responses. This analysis demonstrates how participants go about ‘doing being ordinary’ (Sacks, 1992b) in formulating their ‘first thoughts’ (Jefferson, 2004). Through sharing their initial impressions of the event, participants perform support work within the interaction, in essence working to normalize both the event and their initial misinterpretation of it. Normalising as a support work mechanism is also shown in relation to participants constructing the ‘quiet’ following the event as unusual. Normalising is accomplished by reference to the indexical ‘it’ and location formulations, which participants use both to negotiate who can claim to experience the ‘unnatural quiet’ and to identify the extent of the quiet. Through their talk participants upgrade the quiet from something legitimately experienced by one person in a particular place to something that could be experienced ‘anywhere’, moving the phenomenon from local to global provenance. With its methodological design and detailed analysis and findings, this research contributes to existing knowledge in four ways. First, it shows how rules are used by participants as a resource in negotiating and constructing social and moral orders. Second, it demonstrates that irony, sarcasm and insults are three devices of humour which can be used to perform solidarity work and reinforce existing social and moral orders. Third, it demonstrates how new social and moral orders are collaboratively constructed in relation to extraordinary events, which serve to frame the event and evoke reasonable responses for participants. And last, the detailed analysis and findings further support the use of conversation analysis and membership categorization as valuable methods for approaching quasi-synchronous computer-mediated communication.

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There is much still to learn about how young children’s membership with peers shapes their constructions of moral and social obligations within everyday activities in the school playground. This paper investigates how a small group of girls, aged four to six years, account for their everyday social interactions in the playground. They were video-recorded as they participated in a pretend game of school. Several days later, a video-recorded excerpt of the interaction was shown to them and invited to comment on what was happening in the video. This conversation was audio-recorded. Drawing on a conversation analysis approach, this chapter shows that, despite their discontent and complaining about playing the game of school, the girls’ actions showed their continued orientation to the particular codes of the game, of ‘no going away’ and ‘no telling’. By making relevant these codes, jointly constructed by the girls during the interview, they managed each other’s continued participation within two arenas of action: the pretend, as a player in a pretend game of school; and the real, as a classroom member of a peer group. Through inferences to explicit and implicit codes of conduct, moral obligations were invoked as the girls attempted to socially exclude or build alliances with others, and enforce their own social position. As well, a shared history that the girls re-constructed has moral implications for present and future relationships. The girls oriented to the history as an interactional resource for accounting for their actions in the pretend game. This paper uncovers how children both participate in, and shape, their everyday social worlds through talk and interaction and the consequences a taken-for-granted activity such as playing school has for their moral and social positions in the peer group.