Chemical inhibition of the contaminant Lactobacillus fermentum from distilleries producing fuel bioethanol

The purpose of this study was to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of pure or mixed chemicals for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus fermentum in the samples isolated from distilleries with serious bacterial contamination problems. The biocides, which showed the best results were: 3,4,4' trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), tested at pH 4.0 (MIC = 3.12 mg/l), TCC with benzethonium chloride (CBe) at pH 6.0 (MIC = 3.12 mg/l) and TCC mixed with benzalkonium chloride (CBa) at pH 6.0 (MIC = 1.53 mg /l). If CBa was used in sugar cane milling in 1:1 ratio with TCC, a 8 times reduction of CBa was possible. This formulation also should be tested in fermentation steps since it was more difficult for the bacterium to develop resistance to biocide. There was no inhibition of S. cerevisiae and there were only antibiotics as an option to bacterial control of fuel ethanol fermentation by S. cerevisiae.

Produção de L (+)-ácido lático por Lactobacillus casei Ke11 utilizando insumos agroindustriais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Produção e purificação de L (+) ácido lático por Lactobacillus rhammosus utilizando processo de batelada alimentada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Immune response of broiler chickens immunized orally with the recombinant proteins flagellin and the subunit B of cholera toxin associated with Lactobacillus spp.

Processo FAPESP: 09/53570-3

A comparison of microbiological and molecular detection of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. between mares and women

A possible explanation for endometritis in mares is ascendant contamination from the vagina. The presence of Lactobacillus spp. is considered to be important in women for a healthy vaginal environment; however, there are few studies in mares related to the presence of Lactobacillus in the vaginal flora of healthy mares. The present work aims to determine the occurrence of Lactobacillus spp. in the vaginal micro-environment of mares. A total of 35 crossbred multiparous mares, aged between 4 and 12 years, with no history of reproductive problems and with healthy reproductive tracts, were used. Two vaginal swabs were obtained from the mares during estrus for Lactobacillus isolation and PCR evaluation. Ten human female volunteers, aged between 24 and 35 years, sexually active, with no history of gynecological diseases and treatments in the past two years were used. Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from 5.7% of the mares' vaginal samples and from 90% of the women's vaginal samples. Lactobacillus DNA was detected by PCR in 22.9% of the mares' vaginal samples and in all of the vaginal samples from the healthy women. The primers used here were demonstrated to have in silico specificity for the detection of L. equi (AB425924.1), L. pantheris (DQ471798.1) and L. mucosae (DQ471799.1), but they did not anneal on Enterococcus faecalis (EU887827.1) or E. faecium (EU887814.1). In conclusion, this study showed a low occurrence of Lactobacillus spp. in mares, suggesting that this bacterium may not play a fundamental role in the equilibrium of the vaginal micro- environment of normal mares.

Effects of Lactobacillus Probiotic, P22 Bacteriophage and Salmonella Typhimurium on the Heterophilic Burst Activity of Broiler Chickens

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Identification and adhesion profile of Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from poultry

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Produção de L(+)-ácido lático por lactobacillus rhamnosus através de batelada alimentada

O Ácido Lático é um ácido orgânico que possui uma ampla gama de aplicações nas indústrias farmacêuticas, químicas e de alimentos. Ultimamente ele tem sido considerado promissor como bloco na construção de polímeros biodegradáveis (PLA), os quais podem ser usados na produção de plásticos biodegradáveis como embalagens de alimentos e utensílios plásticos e assim substituir os produtos derivados do petróleo. O Ácido Lático pode ser produzido tanto por síntese química como através da fermentação por micro-organismos. As bactérias que produzem ácido lático são chamadas de bactérias láticas e podem produzir D-(-)-ácido lático puro, L-(+)-ácido lático puro ou uma mistura racêmica dos dois isômeros. A produção de somente um dos isômeros puro é uma grande vantagem de se produzir Ácido Lático por fermentação, uma vez que uma mistura racêmica é produzida via síntese química, além disso, a produção a partir da fermentação é mais econômica. Assim, vários estudos estão sendo feitos com o objetivo de se baratear o processo de fermentação lática e de se aperfeiçoar este processo. Este estudo visa à avaliação da produção de L-(+)-ácido lático por Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103 em reator pela utilização de batelada alimentada, uma vez que este processo tem se mostrado o mais eficiente em diversos estudos. Existem vários tipos de alimentação: batelada alimentada por pulso, batelada alimentada por fluxo constante, batelada alimentada com controle por pH stat. Neste presente estudo foram avaliados além do processo de batelada, vários processos de batelada alimentada, como a batelada alimentada com controle por pH stat, batelada alimentada por pulso e batelada alimentada por fluxo constante. O processo de batelada alimentada por fluxo constante foi no qual se obteve a maior concentração final de ácido lático (149,8 g L-1), mas, a melhor... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Efeito da adição de inulina no crescimento, resistência gastrintestinal e capacidade de remoção de colesterol de Lactobacillus helveticus 416 e Enterococcus faecium CRL 183

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito da adição de um prebiótico nas características de crescimento, resistência às condições do trato gastrintestinal e remoção de colesterol in vitro, das cepas de Enterococcus faecium CRL183 e Lactobacillus helveticus 416. A fonte de prebiótico foi composta por Inulina GR – Orafti, sendo testadas as seguintes concentrações: 1,0%, 2,0%, 3,0%; 4,0%; 5,0% e 6,0% p/v). Para a avaliação da resistência às condições do trato gastrintestinal, os microrganismos foram colocados em contato com um fluido gástrico simulado por 2 horas (9g/L de NaCl, 3g/L de pepsina, pH 1,8) e com um fluido intestinal simulado por 3 horas (0,9g/L de pancreatina, 12,5g/L de bicarbonato de sódio e 6,0 g/L de Oxgall). Após o período de contato com os fluidos, foram realizadas diluições seriais e plaqueamento em meios específicos. No estudo de redução de colesterol, meios de cultura contendo inulina e colesterol (1%) foram inoculados com as cepas probióticas e incubados em anaerobiose a 37°C/24h. A capacidade de redução do colesterol foi determinada pela diferença entre a concentração de colesterol adicionada ao meio de cultura e a de colesterol residual. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de médias de Tukey (p≤0,05). A adição de inulina não resultou em alteração no ciclo logarítmico de crescimento dos microrganismos. Porém, quando os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística, constatou-se que a adição de 1% a 4% de inulina inibiu o crescimento de Lactobacillus helveticus 416, sendo que para as concentrações de 5% a 6% estas alterações não foram perceptíveis. A cepa de Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 apresentou crescimento superior na presença de 2% e 4% de inulina. Após o contato com o fluido gástrico simulado, observou-se redução de 1 ciclo logarítmico no crescimento da cepa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan and m-hydroxybenzylhydrazine associated to Lactobacillus spp. on the humoral response of broilers challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis

This study investigates the effects of different doses of serotonin, its precursor 5-hydroxytry-ptophan (5HTP), and m-hydroxybenzylhydrazine inhibitor (NSD1015), administered via intraperitoneal for 5 consecutive days, on behavior and average body weight of broilers. We also measured the humoral immune response and quantification of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers chickens that received the drugs evaluated and a Lactobacillus pool. The study was divided into 3 experiments: Experiment 1--administration of pharmaceuticals with choice of dosage; Experiment 2--administration of pharmaceuticals and a Lactobacillus pool in birds that were not challenged with S. Enteritidis, and Experiment 3--administration of pharmaceuticals and a Lactobacillus pool in birds challenged with S. Enteritidis. The ELISA was used to scan dosages of intestinal IgA and serum IgY. We used colony-forming units to quantify S. Enteritidis. The concentrations of IgA and IgY did not show significant differences (P>0.05) in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, NSD1015 associated with Lactobacillus determined higher IgA concentrations, promoting greater stimulus to the immune system than 5HTP. Regarding quantification of S. Enteritidis in the cecal content of birds, 5HTP associated to Lactobacillus determined the smallest number of bacteria, showing possible interaction of 5-hydroxytryptophan and Lactobacillus spp. with the immune system of broiler chickens.

Effects of probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri strains of breast-fed infant in a murine model

The ingestion of probiotic lactic acid bacteria has been evaluated and noted that it has an effect on the balance of desirable microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacillus gasseri demonstrates good survival in the gastrointestinal tract, and it has been associated with a variety of probiotic activities and roles, including the reduction of fecal mutagenic enzymes, the production of bacteriocins and the stimulation of macrophages immunomodulation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a pool of L. gasseri strains isolated from the feces of breastfed infants added in the human milk of healthy women. The milk was both pasteurized and unpasteurized, to verify the cell cytotoxicity of macrophages and to quantify the production of immunologic mediators such as IL-4, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, NO and oxygen intermediary compounds (H2O2). The administration of raw human milk and pasteurized human milk to infants is a regular, encouraged practice in units of intensive therapy (UITs) and our present investigation verified the beneficial effect of addition of a pool of L. gasseri to pasteurized human milk (PHML). Our results show that probiotic supplementation helped to maintain cell viability, reduced IL-6 and IFN-γ production and stimulated TNF-α, NO, H2O2, IL-4 production. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the addition of lactobacillus to human milk was not a determinant in the production of TNF-α. L. gasseri added to breast milk did not present a cytotoxic risk, and the addition of L. gasseri to pasteurized milk of human milk bank would benefit newborns that depend on milk banks for the colonization of more desirable microbiota.

Metodologia da criação de Galleria mellonella para uso como modelo de infecção e efeitos de Lactobacillus rhamnosus inativado pelo calor in vivo e in vitro, desafiados por Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

Influência de Lactobacillus rhamnosus na patogenicidade e na expressão de genes de virulência de Candida albicans: estudo in vitro e in vivo

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

The effect of a Lactobacillus-based probiotic for the control of necrotic enteritis in broilers

Necrotic Enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP) in poultry is probably the most important bacterial disease in terms of economic implications. The disease is multi-factorial and is invariably associated with predisposing factors. The present study investigated the effect of a commercially available Lactobacillus-based probiotic (FM-B11) for the control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. In experiment 1, one-day-of-hatch broiler chicks were randomly allocated to the following treatment groups: 1) Non-challenged (NC); 2) Challenged (C); 3) Challenged + probiotic (C+ FM-B11). Prior to placement, chicks in groups 2 and 3 received 0.25 mL of Salmonella typhimurium (ST) containing 105 cfu of viable cells by oral gavage. At 14, 15 and 16 days of age, all chicks in group 3 were treated with FM-B11 in the drinking water at a concentration of 106 cfu/ml. At 21d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 5 × 104 sporulated oocysts of E. maxima by oral gavage. At 26d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 108 cfu CP; body weight (BW) was recorded prior to challenge. The experiment was terminated at 29 days of age and the following parameters were evaluated: NE-associated mortality, CP lesion scores, CP concentrations in ileum, BW, and body weight gain (BWG). Chicks treated with FM-B11 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain after challenge when compared to control challenge chickens. Total mortality was higher in the C group (48.8%) when compared to the C + FM-B11 (12.7%). Even though there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in lesion score between C and C + FM-B11, group C + FM-B11 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower total number of cfu of CP recovered from the ileal mucosa and content samples when compared to group C. Experiment 2 was a unique and remarkable case report of a field outbreak of NE in a commercial broiler farm in Argentina. A reduction and control of the mortality associated with NE following 3 days of administration of FM-B11 was observed as compared with the control non treated house. These results imply that the commercially available Lactobacillus-based probiotic FM-B11 was able to reduce the severities of NE, as a secondary bacterial infection, in an experimental NE challenge model; as well as, in a commercial field outbreak of NE.

Efeito prebiótico de xilo-oligossacarídeos produzidos a partir da hemicelulose de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar utilizando extração alcalina e hidrólise de xilanases fúngicas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)