Estudo de adaptação metodológica para implantação da pesquisa do índice de preços ao consumidor para o município do Rio Grande - RS

O desenvolvimento desta monografia tem como objetivo apresentar um método de adaptação do Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo – IPCA –do IBGE da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre de modo a possibilitar a implantação do Índice de Preços ao Consumidor para o município do Rio Grande. Buscou-se traçar um mecanismo de pesquisa e um método de normatização para o processo. Com a utilização da Teoria do Consumidor e das análises de formas de uso, especificações e o processo de formação dos principais Índices de Consumidores do Brasil, como referencial teórico, foram possíveis o embasamento, a coerência e desfecho da pesquisa. A planilha adaptada, completa, com grupos, subgrupos, itens e subitens que serão utilizados para cálculo do Índice de Preço ao Consumidor – IPC–para o município do Rio Grande, já com as alterações e suas respectivas ponderações está no apêndice II. Como resultado é proposta uma metodologia de cálculo de um índice base para o início da implantação do cálculo do Índice de Preços ao Consumidor periodicamente no município do Rio Grande.

Ética na pesquisa em Administração

Ethics on scientific research is approached and often discussed in several areas of knowledge connected to health. In the Administration area there are very few studies which approach the topic of ethics on research. The present paper tried to fill in this gap in the production of knowledge about the topic, investigating how the ethical principles found in the literature and in the codes of conduct are noticed and taken into account in Administration research activities developed by acting researchers in Administration Post Graduation Programs. Theoretically speaking, the study was based mainly on the approaches by Creswell (2007) and Bell and Bryman (2007), which discuss the research ethical principles. Methodologically speaking it was all about an exploratory kind of study, with qualitative research approach. Upon data collection, personal interviews were made aiming at its depth and focus groups were formed. The first stage had interviews with four experienced researchers who took part on a teaching and researching event and on the second stage we used the focus group technique. The focus groups were done in four college institutions along with the post graduation programs in Administration in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba and Pernambuco, in Brazil. The results suggest the existence of general principles and parameters for the scientific research recommended in the literature and on official resolution. However, in the Administration area, there are only a few recommendations of good practices when it comes to submitting articles for scientific publications but we found no guidance with ethical principles and parameters which cover all the activities in the scientific research and which specifically meet the research particularities in Administration. The main ethical dilemma pointed by the researchers refers to ethical questions which arise at the time of data collection and on disclosing the results. Most researchers do not know the guidelines and the ethical norms on ethics about research that we have in our country neither do they send in their projects to the research ethics committee. When dilemma arises, they decide the ethical question based on their values and common sense. These elements confirm the thesis that the researcher s procedure in the research activities in Administration is predominantly signed by personal values or by common sense and less by ethical principles, whether by not knowing the normative instruments related to ethics or by disagreeing with any disciplining rules on ethical behavior in the research

A importância do microcrédito para os empreendedores: um estudo com os grupos solidários de Fortaleza /CE

This study aims to understand the changes in the improvement of economic and social conditions of small entrepreneurs who participate in solidarity groups linked to the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) "X" in Fortaleza city, Ceará, through the use of productive-guided microcredit. It is come a research in exploratory and descriptive nature, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data were collected from the small entrepreneurs by applying a questionnaire, as well as through structured interviews with group leaders. They were worked on issues relating to income generation, employment generation, housing and health conditions, dietary pattern and leisure activities of small entrepreneurs and their families before and after the union to solidarity groups and use of productive-guided microcredit. The research showed that the use of microcredit has interfered with social and economic life of these small entrepreneurs, generating positive effects

Grupos operativos: uma estratégia para acompanhamento das pessoas com hipertensão arterial

A hipertensão arterial é um dos principais agravos à saúde no Brasil por constituir-se importante fator de risco para a ocorrência de eventos mórbidos por doenças cardiovasculares, cerebrais e renais. Para o alcance do sucesso terapêutico, torna-se imprescindível o desenvolvimento de ações educativas e terapêuticas com ênfase em mudanças do estilo de vida, correção dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares e incentivo ao uso contínuo dos medicamentos. Nesse contexto, os grupos operativos têm sido utilizados como uma estratégia eficiente para a prática de promoção da saúde e para aumentar a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento proposto. O Grupo Operativo, conceituado e sistematizado por Pichon-Rivière, pode ser definido como um conjunto de pessoas com o objetivo comum de realizar uma determinada tarefa, por exemplo: o aprendizado, a cura, o diagnóstico de dificuldades etc. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a importância do trabalho com grupos realizados pelas equipes de saúde da família no acompanhamento de pessoas com hipertensão arterial, constituindo-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza descritiva, baseada na análise de artigos publicados em periódicos eletrônicos no período de 2000 a 2010. Utilizou-se como fontes bibliográficas principais, os seguintes bancos de dados: Biblioteca virtual em Saúde, Scielo e Google Acadêmico. Os descritores utilizados foram: hipertensão arterial e saúde da família para embasar a revisão bibliográfica e grupos operativos conjugado a hipertensão arterial para a descrição dos resultados. A partir da análise dos artigos identificou-se como resultado da prática de grupos: maior controle da pressão arterial, mudanças nas relações interpessoais, melhoria da auto-estima, construção de vínculos entre os pacientes e equipe de saúde, mudanças na concepção do processo saúde - doença e adoção de hábitos saudáveis de vida.

Grupos operativos com professores da rede municipal de Conselheiro Lafaiete: uma proposta para fortalecimento do Programa Saúde na Escola

O Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) é uma proposta do Governo Federal para realização do trabalho intersetorial entre o Ministério da Saúde e o Ministério da Educação, com a prática de ações de promoção e prevenção ao agravo das doenças em âmbito de atenção primária navigilância à saúde da família brasileira. Assim, este estudo objetivou criar grupos operativos para sanar as principais dificuldades do corpo docente das Escolas Municipais de Conselheiro Lafaiete/MG, aderidas ao Programa Saúde na Escola adesão 2014/2015. Para fundamentação do plano, fez-se pesquisa bibliográfica na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, no SciELO, com os descritores: Saúde Escolar. Programa Saúde da Família. Educação. O plano de ação se fundamentou nos princípios elencados para sua construção e contidos no Módulo de Planejamento e avaliação de ações em saúde. Busca-se fortalecer a educação combinada com a saúde comportamental dos alunos das escolas pactuadas no PSE, bem como abrangendo os profissionais que nela se encontram. Também serão realizadas oficinas, palestras, atendimentos individualizados, capacitações, adequações às necessidades de cada indivíduo no ambiente escolar se estendendo à vida social. Destaca-se que a operacionalização do plano poderá contribuir para a consolidação do PSE no âmbito local, uma vez que permite aos estudantes, professores e coordenadores comprometidos com a questão da saúde no contexto escolar e oferece informações atualizadas com relação às iniciativas que estão sendo implementadas nas escolas.

O processo organizacional dos grupos de hiperdia e saúde mental em uma UBS - Um modelo de intervenção

É essencial o acompanhamento de pacientes hipertensos, diabéticos e portadores de transtorno de saúde mental, devido ao caráter crônico dessas enfermidades. Na UBS José de Anchieta - Serra (ES), a inexistência de uma agenda para esse fim prejudicava em muito a adesão ao tratamento proposto, maior vínculo com a UBS e a equipe, minimização de crises hipertensivas e hiperglicêmicas e ainda os efeitos adversos devido a utilização indevida medicamentosa. Não havia o agendamento de consultas de retornos para esses pacientes. Dessa maneira, a introdução de uma agenda específica em que o agendamento de consultas e acompanhamento é uma das prioridades, foi essencial. Como metodologia foi utilizada a pesquisa tipo organizacional utilizando como amostragem os pacientes do grupo de hiperdia e saúde mental de acordo com agenda implementada e controle de faltosos para tabulação de dados. É esperado encontrar um crescente nos dados de comparecimento desses pacientes ao longo dos meses e, consequentemente, melhor adesão ao tratamento.

Transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade: proposta de avaliação neuropsicológica para diagnóstico

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. The aim of this research was to contribute more precisely to the diagnosis of ADHD, to propose a battery of neuropsychological assessment and to analyze the contribution of each test. We studied 10 matched pairs of children with ADHD and normal controls (7 to 11 years). Inclusion criteria were: presence of ADHD typical behavior, positive diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-IV, normal IQ, normal neurological examination and parental consent. We used extensive neuropsychological battery. The results showed differential sensitivity for detection of attentional problems in children with ADHD, although most tests did not reach statistical significance. The item, errors, of WCST revealed statistically significant difference between the two groups: ADHD performance was inferior to controls . In conclusion the neuropsychological assessment battery used in this research contributed to the diagnosis of ADHD.

Contribuição à organização da pesquisa em Química e os desafios da interação com outras áreas do conhecimento

This article provides some aspects that allow making a current reading of the situation of the Brazilian Chemistry that permit us considerate it as a strategic area. They are still presented some initial proposals related to the organization of the research as well as to win the challenges of the relationship with the other areas of the knowledge.

Organização de pesquisa no Brasil: lições do passado, propostas para o futuro

Chemical research in Brazil has grown significantly in the past 20 years, largely thanks to the Brazilian S&T Development Program of the federal government (PADCT). However, the newly achieved levels of highly qualified manpower and research infra-structure require new research organization frameworks to make science, technology and innovation really useful and meaningful for the citizens. The current requirements for creating viable networks of academic and industry researchers are presented and discussed as well as some structural and procedural bottlenecks that have to be eliminated, to achieve maximum high-quality science, technology and relevant innovation output.

Análise de aspectos socioeconômicos e tecnológicos da agropecuária na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Mogi Guaçu

Currently, owing to the occurrence of environmental problems, along with the need of environmental preservation, both the territory management of Hydrographic Basin and the conservation of natural resources have proven to have remarkable importance. Thus, the mean goal of the research is to raise and scrutinize social-economic and technologic data from the Mogi Guaçu River Hydrographic Basin (São Paulo, Brazil). The aim is to group municipalities with similar characteristics regarding the collected data, which may direct joint actions in the Hydrographic Basin Management. There were used both the methods of factorial analysis and automatic hierarchical classifications. Additionally, there is going to be applied a Geographical Information System to represent the outcomes of the methods aforementioned, through the evolvement of a geo-referenced database, which will allow the obtainment of information categorically distributed including theme maps of interest. The main characteristics adopted to group the municipalities were: agricultural area, sugar cane production, small farms, animal production, number of agriculture machinery and equipments and agricultural income. The methodology adopted in the Mogi Guaçu River Hydrographic Basin will be analyzed vis-à-vis its appropriateness on basin management, as well as the possibility of assisting the studies on behalf of the São Paulo Hydrographic Basin groups, to regional development.

The relationship between physical aspects of quality of life and extreme levels of regular physical activity in adults

This study aimed to check for any significant differences in perceived quality of life, specifically aspects of a physical nature, among volunteers who are more physically active and those less physically active in a university community. The sample consisted of 1,966 volunteers in a university community in Brazil. To assess physical activity levels, volunteers responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and to analyse the perception of quality of life they responded to WHOQOL-bref, which is classified into three groups according to level of physical activity, taking into account the metabolic equivalent index (MET) over a full week. For comparison, consideration was given to the first and third tertiles, respectively, namely groups of more and less active students. The results indicated that individuals who engaged in more physical activity had a more positive perception of quality of life compared to those who were less active in physical aspects related to the ability to work, energy for day-to-day activities and locomotion.

Análise de custo-efetividade de métodos preventivos para superfície oclusal de acordo com o risco de cárie: resultados de um ensaio clínico controlado

This study presents the results of a cost-effectiveness analysis in a controlled clinical trial on the effectiveness of a modified glass ionomer resin sealant ( Vitremer, 3M ESPE) and the application of fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) on occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars in children 6-8 years of age (N = 268), according to caries risk (high versus low). Children were examined semiannually by the same calibrated dentist for 24 months after allocation in six groups: high and low risk controls (oral health education every three months); high and low risk with varnish (oral health education every three months + varnish biannually); and high and low risk with sealant (oral health education every three months + a single application of sealant). Economic analysis showed that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren showed a C/E ratio of US$ 119.80 per saved occlusal surface and an incremental C/E ratio of US$ 108.36 per additional saved occlusal surface. The study concluded that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren was the most cost-effective intervention.

Flora arbustivo-arbórea do fragmento de floresta estacional semidecidual do Ribeirão Cachoeira, município de Campinas, SP

An inventory of the woody flora (trees and shrubs), was carried out in the Ribeirão Cachoeria forest (233.7ha, 650m high, 46°55'58''W, 22°50'13''S), the second largest and best conserved fragment of semideciduous tropical forest in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo state, Southeastern Brazil. The soil is a red-yellow podsol and the climate is of Köppen's Cwag type. Collections were made from August/1996 to September/1997. Only fertile individuals with a perimeter at breast height of 9cm or greater were included in the survey. One hyndred and seventhy five species were identified, belonging to 119 genera and 49 families. The most important families were Myrtaceae (14 species), Rutaceae and Fabaceae (13), Caesalpiniaceae (11), Solanaceae (9), and Rubiaceae (8). Some species were found for the first time in the region: Tachigali multijuga Benth. and Schoepfia brasiliensis A.DC. The flowering peak for most species was from August to October. Maximum fruit production was from August to November. Most species are zoochoric (58%), but 23% were anemochoric and 19% autochoric. The floristic composition of this forest and another 20 forests from São Paulo state were compared. The results obtained indicate the existence of distinct groups of forests. The most homogeneus group contains forests from the municipality of Campinas with similarity of 40%. This suggests that these forests are possibly fragments of a original continuous forest in the Campinas region.

Aprendizagem autorregulada da leitura: resultados positivos de uma intervenção psicopedagógica

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pedagogical intervention to improve the reading comprehension of fourth grade students of a public primary school. Two classes of 28 students were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The students were assessed during three different moments by means of an informative questionnaire, a Learning Strategies Scale and two cloze tests for reading comprehension. The intervention consisted of seven sessions which included learning strategies instruction, reading strategies instruction, meta-cognition activation, motivational support and study guidance. Results showed improvement in meta-cognition and in reading comprehension in both groups. However, gains were higher and more consistent in the experimental group.

Intercompreensão de texto escrito por falantes nativos de português e de espanhol

The aim of this paper is to verify the level of text comprehension (reading and translation) in Portuguese, by native speakers of Spanish and vice-versa. The subjects are freshmen, from different fields (300 native speakers of Portuguese and 300 of Spanish), who have never studied the other language neither as a second (L2) nor as a foreign language (FL). The results show that, in each group of subjects, there is a high level of comprehension of the foreign language, which varies from 58% to 94%, depending on the context and on the lexical/semantic similarity (or difference) between the key-words in the texts used in this research.