Produção de ligno-hemi-celulases por fermentação em estado sólido e avaliação dos efeitos da aplicação das enzimas na composição química e estrutura do bagaço e da palha de cana

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fermentação, cinética e degradação ruminal em ovinos alimentados com fontes de carboidratos associadas ao óleo

The objective this work was to evaluate the degradation, fermentation and kinetics of passage rumen fluid en sheep fed diets containing different carbohydrate associated with the oil. Four rumen cannulated sheep were allotted in 4 x 4 latin square. The treatments consisted of diets with high neutral detergent soluble fiber and diets with high starch associated or not with 4,2% of oil. Incubation times were 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours and ruminal fluid was collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours after feeding. Diets high neutral detergent fiber soluble resulted in greater degradation of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber soluble and starch, and higher pH values, butyric acid production, dilution rate and ruminal recycling compared with diets high starch content. The inclusion of 4,2% oil the different carbohydrate sources had no influence on the fermentation kinetics and degradation of the fiber. High content of neutral detergent soluble fiber in the diet favors the ruminal fermentation compared to the high starch content.

Extratos de moringa no tratamento do caldo de cana e reflexos sobre a fermentação alcoólica

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Estudo experimental do polietileno poroso de alta densidade (MEDPOR) fixado ao leito cirúrgico corticalizado e decorticalizado: análise histológica em cães

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the bed in High Density Porous Polyethylene (Medpor) implants integration. Two different kind of beds -- corticalized and decorticalized -- were made in six dogs. The animals were killed thirty, sixty and ninety days after implantation. Blocks including implant and adjacent bone were harvested, submitted to histological procedures, stained in hematoxiline-eosine and analyzed in optic microscope. The results demonstrated an absence of infection and foreign body reaction associated with High Density Porous Polyethylene (Medpor) implants. Furthermore, bony and fibrovascular ingrowth could be observed into its pores. The best integration was noted in decorticalized group, in which occurred a greater bony and fibrovascular ingrowth in comparison to the corticalized group

Produção de hidrolisado enzimático de farinha de batata-doce para fermentação etanólica

Recently there is a great quest of producing alcohol from starchy resources, replacing the sugar cane. The most common starchy sources are cassava, maize and sweet potatoes and a lot of research are been realized with excellent results. In this work it was evaluated the influence of the concentration of dry matter on the enzymatic hydrolysis process of starch from sweet potato for ethanol production. Through the sweet potato was produced a flour using a low-cost method and easy operation equipments. The sweet potato flour was characterized physical and chemically and from these results was prepared the treatments for enzymatic hydrolysis. The experimental design considered as independent variable the dry matter concentration of the sweet potato flour in 3 levels; 10, 15 and 20% in the formulation of suspensions. The other variables were keeping constant being: temperature in the 1° hydrolysis step of 90°C and time of 2 hours; temperature in the 2° saccharification step of 60°C and time of 17 hours. The hydrolysates obtained at the three assays were transferred to six liter enlerynmeyer and inoculated with a biologic catalyst, Saccharomyces, dehydrated yeasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT 1, at a rate of 5% in weight. The flasks were placed in a shaker type orbital with controlled temperature of 30°C during a time of 15 hours. The initial reducer sugars concentration and respective ethanol concentrations in wine were: 11.2% glucose and 2.16% ethanol in the suspension with 10% of dry matter; 13.5% glucose and 4.39% ethanol with 15% and 17.5% glucose and 6.03% ethanol in suspension with 20% of dry matter. ix The results showed that the higher percentage of dry matter carried out to higher sugar yield in hydrolyzed. It was possible observed that products quality improved with a higher concentration of dry matter

Análise da viabilidade de motorização elétrica do soprador no ciclo regenerativo da unidade de craqueamento catalítico fluidizado em uma refinaria

One of the biggest environmental problems of today is the climate change. Experts affirm that this global warming is related to the greenhouse effect. Its causes are directly related to human activity, especially the use of fossil fuels. In this context, companies around the world are challenged to improve energy efficiency in order to reduce the environmental impact and work toward the so-called tripod of sustainable development that focuses on the social, economic and environmental aspects of a business strategy. The first step a company can make in this regard is to conduct an inventory of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The reduction of GHG emissions in a refinery can be achieved by replacing steam turbines with electric motors to drive big machines, this reduction is achieved by relieving the steam consumption for electric power available or purchased. An important aspect associated with the reduction of GHG emissions is the best performance of the Energy Intensity Index (ERI). The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of the blower motorization in the regenerative cycle of a fluidized catalytic cracking unit at a specific refinery. For development work, two methods were used, the initial screening and optimization scenarios with the help of software Butyl. The results indicate that after a certain cost of natural gas this substitution becomes favorable. In addition, there is a large reduction of CO2 emissions avoided by burning fuel

Estudo do envolvimento da neurotransmissão colinérgica no núcleo leito da estria terminal nas respostas autônomas e neuroendócrinas desencadeadas pelo estresse por restrição agudo em ratos

Estudos têm demonstrado a ativação de neurônios no núcleo leito da estria terminal (NLET) durante situações aversivas. Além disso, foi demonstrado o envolvimento do NLET no controle das respostas cardiovasculares e neuroendócrinas durante o estresse. Evidências têm apontado que a neurotransmissão colinérgica, através de receptores muscarínicos, é um mecanismo envolvido no controle das respostas fisiológicas durante o estresse emocional em várias estruturas límbicas. No entanto, apesar de estudos indicarem o envolvimento de mecanismos colinérgicos do NLET no controle da função cardiovascular, não existem evidências na literatura acerca da participação da neurotransmissão colinérgica no NLET nas respostas fisiológicas ao estresse. Diante disso, nosso objetivo no presente estudo foi investigar o efeito do pré-tratamento bilateral do NLET com hemicolínio (inibidor do transportador de colina), metilatropina (antagonista de receptores colinérgicos muscarínicos) ou neostigmina (inibidor da enzima acetilcolinesterase) sobre as respostas autonômicas e neuroendócrinas desencadeadas pelo estresse por restrição agudo em ratos. Para tanto, seis dias antes dos experimentos os animais tiveram cânulas guias implantadas bilateralmente no NLET para administração dos fármacos. Vinte quatro horas antes dos experimentos um cateter de polietileno foi implantado na artéria femoral para registro dos parâmetros cardiovasculares. No dia do experimento, os animais foram submetidos a uma sessão aguda de 30 minutos de estresse por restrição 10 minutos após o tratamento farmacológico do NLET. Medidas de pressão arterial média (PAM), frequência cardíaca (FC), temperatura cutânea da cauda e dos níveis plasmáticos de corticosterona foram analisados antes e durante o estresse por restrição em todos os grupos experimentais. O estresse por restrição causou elevação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Corpos humanos: Re-desenho de silo e armazéns às margens do leito férreo da cidade de Presidente Prudente - Centro de Artes Corporais

Não disponível

Revisão taxonômica do gênero Fritziana Mello-Leitão, 1937 (Anura; Hemiphractidae)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Fermentação metanogênica mesofílica de melaço e termofílica de vinhaça em reatores UASB

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Avaliação da influência da agitação no tratamento anaeróbio por leito fixo de manipueira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tratamento da manipueira em sistema anaeróbio de leito fixo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da fermentação aeróbia para produção de etanol a partir da xilose por linhagem de leveduras isoladas da casca de uva (Vitis spp)

Isolate microorganisms that fermenting xylose to ethanol is a challenge to expand production of biofuels from lignocellulosic materials. For this work was tested fermentation of xylose by yeast strains isolated from grape skins (Vitis spp) in order to ethanol produce. The yeasts were grown in submerged fermentation with xylose as a carbohydrate source. Aliquots were taken every 24 hours to measure cell growth, sugar consumption and ethanol production. The yeast had an production ethanol average of 2.5 g / L and yield (Ye / s) 0.12 g / g, showing that they have the ability to produce ethanol from xylose.

Análise global da diversidade de microorganismo importantes para a fermentação nas usinas de álcool: uma abordagem utilizando metagenômica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fermentação divertida: introdução à ciência através de atividade culinária investigativa

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA