Consumo de combustíveis de origem fóssil e a certificação na produção de maçãs no Brasil

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Epidemiologia molecular aplicada ao estudo de estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus na produção de queijo tipo Minas Frescal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ocorrência de Yersinia enterocolitica e Salmonella spp. no abate de suínos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sinergismo entre substâncias antimicrobianas e Lactobacillus acidophilus na inibição de Salmonella enteritidis e Salmonella gallinarum

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos perigos microbiológicos em uma indústria de beneficiamento de pescados e sugestão de um sistema de gestão de qualidade

Entre os produtos de origem animal os peixes são um dos mais susceptíveis à deterioração e podem representar risco para a saúde, se estiverem contaminados por micro-organismos patogênicos. Desta forma, as indústrias de pescado precisam ter cuidados especiais durante todas as etapas do processamento. Este estudo avaliou os perigos microbiológicos na linha de beneficiamento e produtos em uma indústria de pescado e propõe a sua adequação aos pré-requisitos necessários para a implantação do sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC). Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas em 144 amostras (filés e postas) de peixes congelados de diferentes espécies coletadas diretamente na indústria; foram também submetidas a análises microbiológicas 12 amostras de gelo, 24 amostras de água e 340 amostras de superfícies (equipamentos, utensílios e luvas de manipuladores). As Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) foram avaliadas por meio de uma lista de verificação aplicada durante cinco vistorias na indústria. Foram realizados treinamentos e avaliadas as temperaturas de matérias-primas e de produtos semi-elaborados. Foi então proposto um plano APPCC para a linha de processamento de filé de peixe congelado. Entre os patógenos avaliados somente Estafilococos coagulase positiva foi detectado em 2,7% das amostras de peixes, resultado que está dentro do limite estabelecido na legislação brasileira. entretanto valores acima do estabelecido na legislação nacional para pl-! e B VT foram detectados em 18,1% e em 3,5% das amostras, respectivamente. Nas amostras de gelo e água não foram detectadas a presença de coliformes a 35°C e a 45°C. Do total de amostras de equipamentos e utensílios analisadas, 50% e 81,82% estavam dentro da recomendação estabelecida pela OPAS, de 1,7 log UFC/cm2 para mesófilos aeróbios e ausência de coliformes a 45°C, no primeiro e segundo período de coleta, respectivamente. As luvas, no primeiro período de coleta apresentaram contagem acima de 4 log UFC/luva de mesófilos aeróbios em 76,67% das amostras e no segundo período em apenas 21,67%. a avaliação das BPF nas duas primeiras vistorias a indústria foi classificada como de Risco Alto, por ter apresentado percentual de conformidades abaixo de 50%, e como de Risco Médio nas vistorias subsequentes, por ter atendido de 51 a 75% dos itens preconizados na lista de verificação. Com os resultados obtidos foi possível constatar que as BPF não estão totalmente implantadas na indústria analisada, detectando-se diversas não conformidades. A elaboração do plano APPCC seguiu as etapas: formação da equipe, descrição do produto, elaboração do fluxograma de produção, análise dos perigos, identificação dos Pontos Críticos de Controle (PCCs), estabelecimento de limites críticos e ações corretivas, e procedimentos de monitoração, registros e de verificação. A implementação do plano APPCC proposto é aplicável e pode contribuir, significativamente, para a elaboração de produtos de pescado com melhor qualidade e segurança alimentar.

Aplicação da técnica de grupo focal em pesquisa da Rede-SANS sobre as ações de alimentação e nutrição na atenção básica em saúde

Focus groups are seen as important tools in qualitative research for evaluating projects aimed at articulating social networks and movements. Six focus groups were held as one of the stages in research as part of the Food Safety and Sustainable Nutrition Project (SANS). This social network articulates the academic world with social movements and government in defense of the human right to suitable nutrition. This report is aimed at discussing the experience of applying focus groups to the investigation of perceptions by health professionals of activities related to food and nutrition in basic health care. These groups made it possible to bring together 52 professionals from 13 municipalities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and they exchanged experiences and debated issues related to food safety in the area of health care. The group discussions identified eating, nutrition vigilance and intersectoriality as emerging topics. The focus group technique proved to be a suitable tool for investigating the topic quickly and in depth, with a large number of professionals working in different contexts. In fact, the discussions went beyond the objectives of the research, since the group work made it possible to strengthen the process of articulation carried out by a network that promoting local measures in food safety and sustainable nutrition.

Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos: limites e potencialidades de políticas de segurança alimentar para a agricultura familiar

The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos was created by the Lula administration (2003) as part of Fome Zero (Zero Hungry). This program aims to ensure access to food for people living in food and/or nutritional insecure situation and strengthen family agriculture, by food that is pushased by the government. Considering the importance of this program as a differentiated policy that we abode in the analysis far of its implementation on national scale, as its operationalization in a specific context, with the spatial cutout of the municipality Dracena, located on São Paulo state western portion. It was found that, either in national and municipal levels, the program presented a growth on the number of approved projects, participating producers, benefited institutions and resource values. However, even with such expansion, the scope of this program is still quite limited and at the same time, too concentrated in spatial terms.

Epidemiologia molecular aplicada ao monitoramento de estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus na produção de queijo Minas frescal

We studied the molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus strains potentially toxigenic, isolated from the production process of Minas frescal cheese in a small dairy plant in the state of São Paulo. For this, samples were taken during the period from June 2008 to July 2009. Samples were collected from the surface of the receiving and storage tanks of raw milk, the surface of the balance tank of pasteurized milk, the water supply system, the pipes and equipments, the hands of the handler and from the packaged cheese, totaling 140 samples. The colonies isolated on Baird-Parker Agar confirmed as Gram positive and positive for catalase, coagulase and acetoin production, were submitted to extraction of bacterial DNA using the Invitek - Uniscience® kit. Confirmation of the isolated species and enterotoxins SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and TSST-1 toxin was carried out through the amplification of specific fragments of chromosomal DNA. Among the 74 strains of isolated coagulase-positive staphylococci, only 41 (55.4%) strains were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus, of which 25 (61.0%) were positive to the presence of staphylococcal toxins. The most frequently identified enterotoxin was SEA. The toxigenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus were more frequently isolated from hands of the handler (16.0%), raw milk receiving tank (12.0%), pasteurized milk for cheese making (12.0%) and fresh white cheese ready for consumption (12.0%).

Inspeção pós-morte de bovinos: ocorrência de alterações sanitárias no abate e respectivo impacto em relação ao mercado globalizado

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Qualidade higiênico-sanitária de sorvetes e sobremesas, na cidade de Botucatu, SP, Brasil, e verificação da produção de enterotoxinas por Staphylococcus aureus

Food poisoning can cause infection on its consumers by the presence of pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, it is important to check its quality, which can be affected by many factors. The sanitary quality of foods can be assessed by thermotolerant coliform. Since food safety is a matter of great concern, this study aimed to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of samples of ice cream and desserts marketed in the city of Botucatu, by determining the most probable number (MPN) of thermotolerant coliform, identification and enumeration of coagulase positive staphylococci and verification of classical enterotoxin production by strains of S. aureus and also for detecting the presence of Salmonella sp. Among the ice cream analyzed, 56.3% were unfit for consumption and between the creamy desserts, the percentage of unfit samples was 33.3%. Coagulase positive Staphylococcus and Salmonella were not found in the samples. It is then an inadequacy in handling and / or storage conditions in a considerable number of samples, indicating need for improvement in the conditions of preparation

Monitoramento da Qualidade do leite: Procedimentos Diagnósticos

Means for milk, not otherwise specified, the product from complete and uninterrupted milking , in a hygienic, healthy cows, well fed and rested. The milk of other animals must be called according to origin of species. One of the main characteristics that defined the milk is the set of their sensory characteristics, and the main flavor. The control of milk quality in Brazil has been an important factor for the consolidation of the entire production chain, passing necessarily by the dairy industry. The production of milk with good quality guarantees, of course, food safety for consumers. The measures to obtain milk begin on the property, in carrying out correct procedures for milking, storage and transportation of the product also in the dairy. Later, in the laboratory evaluation of physicochemical properties, research fraud, and microbiological examinations. Finally, measures of health education are need for producers to become aware of the economic benefits by obtaining a better quality milk. The objective of this review is to emphasize the importance of using diagnostic procedures methods for the control of mastitis and consequently obtain better Milk quality

Phytotherapy in the control of helminthiasis in production animals

Parasitic diseases constitute one of the main problems affecting livestock; however the use of chemical medicaments provides drug resistance residues in animal and environmental contamination. Changes in production concepts require that food must be produced in hygienic conditions, per healthy animals and that are not eliminating antibiotic residues, pesticides or other drugs. This scenario has favored organic production and the use of medicinal plants. For the control of endoparasites, several studies have published the benefits of Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Punica granatum Linn., Musa sp., Operculina hamiltonii G. DON., propolis, among others. However, despite the existence in- vitro studies that demonstrate the pharmacological properties of phytotherapics, there is still need for clinical trials to determine dosage and its effects in- vivo. Investigations of new bioactive natural substances can be of great value for the control of animal health and food safety, which is particularly important for organic production systems in which the use of chemical drugs is a limiting factor for certification.

Percepção de risco sanitário na bovinocultura de corte no estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Segurança alimentar e gestão municipal: uma investigação a partir de comunidade rural assentada em Araraquara

This paper sought to deepen, investigate and analyze the institutional and organizational obstacles of public policies for food security programs, in a period of change in municipal management. Our aim is besides de obstacles, to identify the efficacy and effectiveness of SAN social network, highlighting the National Program of School Food – PNAE. The analysis focuses the city of Araraquara and its food security program network in its relationship with the settlements, highlighting its cultural and productive particularities.

Avaliação da gentamicina aplicada em ovos de aves reprodutoras pesadas e seu efeito residual nos tecidos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV