1000 resultados para Espectrometria gama
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Matematica Aplicada e Computacional - FCT
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Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB
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In chemical industry, petrochemical and oil refinery may be found situations that working pressures and very high temperatures, and alloys that comprise such equipment must have specific characteristics such. As a way to ensure that the materials are as designed, companies have some specific techniques, and one of them is X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, which allows its application in devices small and lightweight, which ensures its portability in field use. This technique however, has some shortcomings such as the impossibility of detecting carbon and other elements of low atomic number which can generate false identifications of elements that are not in the league or non-detection of existing elements. Therefore, this study investigated the reliability of this method using the apparatus Niton XL3t 800 and may conclude that their results are reliable and can be used to assist in ensuring the operational integrity of the production units of these companies
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The SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) systems are part of a medical image acquisition technology which has been outstanding, because the resultant images are functional images complementary to those that give anatomic information, such as X-Ray CT, presenting a high diagnostic value. These equipments acquire, in a non-invasive way, images from the interior of the human body through tomographic mapping of radioactive material administered to the patient. The SPECT systems are based on the Gamma Camera detection system, and one of them being set on a rotational gantry is enough to obtain the necessary data for a tomographic image. The images obtained from the SPECT system consist in a group of flat images that describe the radioactive distribution on the patient. The trans-axial cuts are obtained from the tomographic reconstruction techniques. There are analytic and iterative methods to obtain the tomographic reconstruction. The analytic methods are based on the Fourier Cut Theorem (FCT), while the iterative methods search for numeric solutions to solve the equations from the projections. Within the analytic methods, the filtered backprojection (FBP) method maybe is the simplest of all the tomographic reconstruction techniques. This paper's goal is to present the operation of the SPECT system, the Gamma Camera detection system, some tomographic reconstruction techniques and the requisites for the implementation of this system in a Nuclear Medicine service
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Mass spectrometry is a diagnosis that can aid in the understanding of the kinetics of chemical plasma environment. Through this you can get information about some species present in the environment and make inferences about the behavior of the plasma when parameters such as pressure and applied power changes. When analyzed plasmas generated by the discharge of argon and diglyme (both individually and mixtures of them in various proportions) could be found conditions in which the plasma behavior was different from what is often found in the literature. By the end some peculiar characteristics of plasmas generated by mixing argon / diglyme were raised and it was found that the noble gas is a good mediator of physical and chemical reactions that occur in the environment, and help in the understanding of chemical kinetics. Therefore mass spectrometry was shown highly important tool for the study of plasma environment
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A proposta desse trabalho surgiu da possibilidade de unir metodologias eficientes para estabelecer valores mais precisos de densitometria óssea. A densidade óssea é um parâmetro biofísico de grande importância experimental e clínica, que permite avaliar o processo de mineralização óssea. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a densidade óssea e o coeficiente de atenuação de massa da radiação gama com o radioisótopo 241Am com fotopico de 59,6 keV em rádios de cães SRD (Sem Raça Definida). Conclui-se a que a densidade média das amostras foi de 1,91 g/cm³ com um desvio padrão de 0,0599. Para o coeficiente de atenuação de massa, o valor médio foi de 0,241 cm2/g, com desvio padrão de 0,0151. Para ambos os parâmetros o coeficiente de variação foi pequeno implicando em uma baixa dispersão. Isso também demonstra que os métodos aplicados foram eficientes e de fácil aplicabilidade
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Atualmente, as pesquisas acadêmicas e industriais não estão voltadas apenas para a descoberta de novos fármacos, mas também para novas maneiras de administração de medicamentos pretendendo obter melhores ações farmacológicas alem de reduzir efeitos colaterais. Partindo deste pressuposto, estudos demonstram que inúmeras moléculas podem ser incorporadas a polímeros híbridos orgânico-inorgânico preparados pelo processo sol-gel, assim pretende-se estudar a possibilidade de sua aplicação no desenvolvimento de um dispositivo de liberação controlada de fármacos na forma de implantes subcutâneos. As matrizes hibridas para serem implantadas devem, necessariamente, ser estéreis. Para isto este trabalho analisa a interação entre o processo de esterilização e uma provável alteração estrutural nestes polímeros. A esterilização por calor úmido em autoclave e a esterilização por radiação gama foram escolhidas para analisar a correlação entre alteração estrutural do hibrido e o processo de eliminação de microorganismos. Outro aspecto que levamos em consideração foi a melhora das características mecânicas das matrizes poliméricas confeccionadas com poli óxido etileno de peso molecular 1900 (POE 1900) e poli óxido propileno de peso molecular 400 (POP 400). Para serem implantadas estas matrizes devem estar uniformes, e não podem trincar ou quebrar antes ou após a implantação. Considerando estes fatores foi adicionado as amostras um agente plastificante, o álcool polivinílico (PVA), na tentativa de melhorar estas características
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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique widely used in several areas of academic research. It allows the knowledge of the information about the micro-world of atoms leading to significant advances in science today. The analysis of stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, also known as bio-elements, shows itself as a major area of interest in using the proposed method. The development of techniques and equipment coupled with mass spectrometry promises to deliver even greater progress in this field, in particular, for the biological sciences and related areas. The pyrolytic method in reduction of organic compounds at high temperatures provides simultaneous isotopic analysis of bio-elements H and O, by the gases released, H2 and CO after the pyrolitic process, significantly reducing analysis time and the amount of material to sample. This paper presents a review of mass spectrometry with its basic principles of operation, and pyrolytic method for reducing compounds at temperatures above 1400 ° C for isotopic analysis of bio-elements