Comportamento de forrageamento do pernilongo-de-costas-brancas, Himantopus melanurus (Vieillot, 1817) (Aves: Recurvirostridae) em Santa Gertrudes, SP, Brasil

The foraging behavior of two White-backed stilts (Himantopus melanurus) was studied in a lake at the municipality of Santa Gertrudes, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The foraging strategies observed were classified in two categories: pluging (65.8% of total maneuvers) and pecking (34.3%). Only in 26.8% of the foraging maneuvers the individuals captured preys (72.9% by plunging and 27.1% by pecking). When comparing both strategies, plunging was successful 29.7% of the times, but pecking only 21.2%. At the study site, individuals foraged only up to 20 m away from the lake margin. The foraging area exploited by the White-backed stilts was estimated in about 720 m 2. Foraging activities lasted since before sunrise until after sunset. © 2006 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - UFMG.

Daños causados por cancro cítrico en la producción de naranja dulce 'Valencia'

The citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, is one of the main citrus diseases and has threatened the world's citriculture. In this study, the damage caused by citrus canker was quantified in a sweet orange culture, cv. Valencia [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.], grafted over 15 year-old Rangpur lime (C. limonia Osb.), in the municipality of Guatambu, SC, Brazil, in the crop of 2004/05. Evaluations of the number of fruits per plant (NF), fruit yield per plant (P), citrus canker incidence on the fruit (IFR), and incidence (IL) and severity (SV) of citrus canker on 80 leaves per orange tree were performed in the harvest period, applying diagrammatical scales. Plants had large variation in SV (0.16%-1.09%), IL (12.50%-56.25%) and IFR (12.30%-56.09%). Linear regressions were significant between IL x SV, NF x SV, P x IFR, and NF x IFR. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the mean estimated values of IL in different quadrants of the crowns of the orange trees (N, S, L and O). Each 1% increase in IFR reduced 2.16 kg and 21.3 fruits per tree.

Osteologia craniana de Micrastur semitorquatus Vieillot, 1817 (Falconiformes: Falconidae)

Micrastur semitorquatus, popularly known as Collared Forest-Falcon is an inhabitant of the rainforests of the Neotropical Region. Studies on the cranial osteology are scarce in the literature. To increase the knowledge about the anatomy of this species its cranial osteology was described and compared with other species of birds of prey. Three specimens of M. semitorquatus were examined at the Bird Division of the osteological collection at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, DC (USNM: 245788, USNM 013493 and USNM 289773). Although the relationship between the form of a structure and its function is not fully established, many of the adaptations of the skull of M. semitorquatus may be related to this lifestyle and behavior, such as narrowing of the interorbital width, the robustness of pila supranasalis coupled with the prokinesis of the skull, a process developed post-orbital, and palatine expansion. In addition, the cranial osteology of M. semitorquatus can provide useful characters for cladistic analysis, sustaining the hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships with other species of the same genus or the same family.

Histochemical study of the hepatopancreas in adult females of the pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis Latreille, 1817

This study provides histochemical data of the hepatopancreatic cells of adult female pink-shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis) at two different developmental stages (those with developed gonads and those with exhausted gonads). The F. brasiliensis females were collected in seawater off the Guarapari coast, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Five cell types were identified in this digestive gland: B (vesicular), E (embryonic), F (fibrillar), M (basal) and R (resorptive). The digestive gland was stained with the following techniques: PAS/Alcian blue (for polysaccharides), bromophenol blue (for protein), von Kossa (for bound calcium) and Baker (for lipids). Acid glycoconjugates were found inside vacuoles in the R cells, while neutral polysaccharides were present in the B cells and near to the microvilli. In females with exhausted gonads polysaccharides were also seen in the intertubular spaces and inside the lumina of the tubules. The F and M cells were the most marked by the presence of large amounts of proteins observed in R cells and also inside the vacuoles of B cells. The bound calcium was mainly found in the F and M cells. The F cells showed strong positive staining for lipid while the R cell only stained weakly. The E cells did not react to any of the applied staining techniques. The similarities in the histochemical composition of these hepatopancreatic cells in females with developed gonads, compared to exhausted ones, is justified by the fact that transfer of these elements to the oocytes occurs, in significant quantity, only during the initial stages of gonadal development in F. brasiliensis. Also, they may be more related to the molt stage, as in the case of calcium salts. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Distribuição larval planctônica de Bachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) na região de Ubatuba, com novas descrições larvais para o gênero Persephona Leach, 1817

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Distribuição e dinâmica populacional dos camarões-rosa, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) e F. paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) e do camarão-branco Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936) (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Penaeidae) no complexo baía-estuário de Santos-São Vicente, São Paulo, Brasil: subsídios científicos para a averiguação do período ideal de defeso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Boosted objects and jet substructure at the LHC. Report of BOOST2012, held at IFIC Valencia, 23rd-27th of July 2012

This report of the BOOST2012 workshop presents the results of four working groups that studied key aspects of jet substructure. We discuss the potential of first-principle QCD calculations to yield a precise description of the substructure of jets and study the accuracy of state-of-the-art Monte Carlo tools. Limitations of the experiments' ability to resolve substructure are evaluated, with a focus on the impact of additional (pile-up) proton proton collisions on jet substructure performance in future LHC operating scenarios. A final section summarizes the lessons learnt from jet substructure analyses in searches for new physics in the production of boosted top quarks.

Environmental factors influencing the distribution of three species within the genus Persephona Leach, 1817 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Leucosiidae) in two regions on the northern coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Patterns of spatio-temporal distribution of Brachyura are determined by the interaction among life history traits, inter and intraspecific relationships, as well as by the variation of abiotic factors. This study aimed to characterize patterns of spatio-temporal distribution of Persephona lichtensteinii, Persephona mediterranea and Persephona punctata in two regions of the northern coast of Sao Paulo State, southeastern region of Brazil. Collections were done monthly from July 2001 to June 2003 in Caraguatatuba and Ubatuba, using a shrimp fishery boat equipped with double-rig nets. The patterns of species distribution were tested by means of redundancy analysis (RDA) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) in relation to the recorded environmental factors (BT: bottom temperature, BS: bottom salinity, OM: organic matter and granulometry (Phi)). The most influent environmental factor over the species distribution was the Phi, and the ascendant order of influence was P. lichtensteinii, P. punctata and P. mediterranea. The greater abundance of P. mediterranea showed a conservative pattern of distribution for the genus in the sampled region. The greater occurrence of P. punctata and P. lichtensteinii, in distinct transects than those occupied by P. mediterranea, seems to be a strategy to avoid competition among congeneric species, which is related to the substratum specificity.

Taxonomia das espécies brasileiras de Lauraceae coletadas por Carl Friedrich Philipp Von Martius de 1817 a 1820

CARL FRIEDRICH PHILIPP VON MARTIUS foi um naturalista alemão que visitou diversas regiões brasileiras, sobretudo a região da Amazônia. Este veio ao Brasil junto com a comitiva da Arquiduquesa Leopoldina da Áustria, que aqui vinha se casar com o Príncipe Herdeiro D. Pedro de Alcântara, futuro Imperador do Brasil. A sua viagem pelo Brasil teve início em 1817, no Rio de Janeiro, e término em 1820, na região amazônica. Estima-se que coletou amostras de cerca de 7.200 espécies de plantas, que foram base para a produção da Flora Brasiliensis, editada inicialmente por ele, com a colaboração e edição póstuma de AUGUST WILHELM EICHLER e IGNATZ URBAN. Esta obra monumental foi publicada entre 1840 e 1906, com a participação dos mais eminentes botânicos europeus da época, que realizaram os tratamentos taxonômicos de 22.767 espécies brasileiras, na maioria angiosperma. O tratamento das Lauraceae ficou a cargo do botânico suíço CARL DANIEL FRIEDRICH MEISSNER. Dentre as espécies de Lauraceae constam 64 táxons com indicação de coletas realizadas por MARTIUS. Tomando-se por referência o tratamento de MEISSNER, bem como as demais opera principes, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a atualização taxonômica das espécies de Lauraceae coletadas por MARTIUS no Brasil. Para tanto, foram verificadas as coleções dos principais herbários europeus e norte americanos, com base na literatura especializada e nos bancos de dados disponíveis. Através de imagens em alta resolução dos espécimes, esses foram confrontados com os protólogos e revisões dos gêneros. Desta forma, os tratamentos das espécies envolvidas foram conduzidos com a verificação do status taxonômico das mesmas, suas sinonímias, nomes atualmente aceitos como corretos, bem como sobre as tipificações relacionadas. Sempre que pertinente, foram feitos comentários sobre as coleções e sobre problemas taxonômicos e nomenclaturais detectados. Com este trabalho...

Estimation of transpiration of the 'Valencia' orange young plant using thermal dissipation probe method

Most studies on measures of transpiration of plants, especially woody fruit, relies on methods of heat supply in the trunk. This study aimed to calibrate the Thermal Dissipation Probe Method (TDP) to estimate the transpiration, study the effects of natural thermal gradients and determine the relation between outside diameter and area of xylem in 'Valencia' orange young plants. TDP were installed in 40 orange plants of 15 months old, planted in boxes of 500 L, in a greenhouse. It was tested the correction of the natural thermal differences (DTN) for the estimation based on two unheated probes. The area of the conductive section was related to the outside diameter of the stem by means of polynomial regression. The equation for estimation of sap flow was calibrated having as standard lysimeter measures of a representative plant. The angular coefficient of the equation for estimating sap flow was adjusted by minimizing the absolute deviation between the sap flow and daily transpiration measured by lysimeter. Based on these results, it was concluded that the method of TDP, adjusting the original calibration and correction of the DTN, was effective in transpiration assessment.