Melhoria da Atenção à Saúde dos Hipertensos e Diabéticos na UBS Lagoa do Camelo, Luís Correia-PI

PASCUAL, Yerania Zaldívar. Melhoria da Atenção à Saúde dos Hipertensos e Diabéticos na UBS Lagoa do Camelo, Luís Correia/PI. 2015. 80 folhas. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2015. As doenças crónicas são um problema de saúde global e uma ameaça para a saúde e desenvolvimento humano, se tornou uma prioridade em saúde no Brasil, é a principal fonte da carga de doenças e são cada vez mais importantes na distribuição de as ações programáticas típicas da atenção primária com base nas condições de modificação de pirâmide populacional e de estilo de vida que levam a essas doenças epidêmicas na população brasileira. Este trabalho teve como objetivo melhorar a atenção à saúde dos adultos com 20 anos ou mais portadores de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e Diabetes Mellitus (DM) pertencentes à área de abrangência da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Lagoa do Camelo no município de Luís Correia-PI, cadastradas no programa de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabete Mellitus da unidade. Foi estruturado em um período de 12 semanas, seguindo um cronograma pré-estabelecido. Para o alcance dos objetivos e metas foram elaboradas ações nos quatro eixos pedagógicos (organização e gestão do serviço, qualificação da prática clínica, engajamento público, monitoramento e avaliação). Foram adotados como referencial teórico os cadernos de atenção básica: Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica nº 37 e Diabete Mellitus nº 36, ambos do Ministério da Saúde e para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados os prontuários clínicos e as fichas espelho do Programa de Atenção aos hipertensos e diabéticos. No total, 146 hipertensos e 36 diabéticos participaram da intervenção, alcançando uma cobertura de 59.6% dos hipertensos e 69.4% dos diabéticos. Antes de iniciar da intervenção a população alvo da UBS é de 1536 usuários, com um total de 60 usuários hipertensos, correspondendo a uma cobertura de 12%, e 10 usuários diabéticos, o que corresponde a 7% de cobertura. Já no primeiro mês se havia pesquisado a população de abrangência onde retificamos a população total para 958 usuários. A intervenção proporcionou melhoria da atenção à saúde dos hipertensos e diabéticos na UBS, sem afetar outros serviços, mudança no fluxo, no atendimento, no acesso e na qualidade da assistência à saúde da população, aumentou os niveis dos indicadores que estavam baixos anterioremente. Conseguimos mudar nossa estrategia de trabalho incorporando agora todas essas ações na rotina diaria de nosso trabalho na UBS.

Melhoria da Detecção Precoce do Câncer de Colo do Útero e do Câncer de Mama na UBS/ESF Curral Velho, Em Luís Correia/PI

Este trabalho contempla a intervenção realizada na UBS/ESF Curral Velho, localizada em Luis Correia/PI. Teve como objetivo principal a melhoria da detecção precoce dos cânceres de colo de útero e de mama como parte integrante do programa de saúde da mulher. Ainda como objetivos buscou-se ampliar a cobertura e melhorar a qualidade de detecção precoce de ambas patologias; melhorar a adesão ao programa de detecção precoce de câncer de colo de útero e de mama das mulheres com exames alterados; melhorar o registro das informações e mapear as mulheres de risco para câncer de colo de útero e de mama. Elaborou-se um projeto para ampliação e melhoria da cobertura dessa ação programática. Nossa intervenção teve a duração de doze semanas. Para que fosse possível o desenvolvimento do projeto foi necessário reestruturar o programa, iniciando pela capacitação da equipe da UBS, baseada no protocolo do Ministério da Saúde “Caderno de Atenção Básica – Controle dos cânceres do colo do útero e da mama” (BRASIL, 2013). Foi necessária a implantação de fichas espelho para melhoria do registro e para permitir o monitoramento do programa. Foram ofertadas consultas clínico/ginecológicas para demanda espontânea e agendada, onde foi possível exercer ações de qualidade conforme o preconizado pelo protocolo, realizar avaliação de risco e oferecer ações de promoção à saúde. Sobre o engajamento público, procurou-se envolver a comunidade nas discussões sobre a importância e os motivos de realizar a citologia oncótica e mamografia, através de ações individuais e coletivas, como palestras e grupos de discussão. Concluindo o período de intervenção, pode-se verificar bons resultados para a meta de cobertura em relação a prevenção do câncer de colo uterino (50,5%, correspondendo a um total de 394 mulheres com exames em dia) e para câncer de mama foram 142 mulheres com mamografia em dia (57% das mulheres na faixa estaria dos 50 aos 69 anos). As ações referentes à qualidade das ações, adesão, qualidade do registro, avaliação de risco e promoção à saúde foram muito boas. Dificuldades foram encontradas na logística, com limitadores temporários. As ações desenvolvidas na intervenção permanecem como rotina no trabalho da equipe e acredito que se mantenham inseridas na prática diária. Esperamos, com estes aprendizados, qualificar outras ações programáticas em nosso serviço e, quem sabe, estender para outras UBS da região.

Melhoria da Prevenção do Câncer de Colo de Útero e Controle do Câncer de Mama, na USF Dr. Luís Escolástico Bezerra, Mossoró, RN

CALZADO, Yadira Vaillant. Melhoria da Prevenção do Câncer de Colo de Útero e Controle do Câncer de Mama, na USF Dr. Luís Escolástico Bezerra, Mossoró, RN. 2015. 61f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Ano. Entre as neoplasias que afetam as mulheres brasileiras e que ocupam os dois primeiros lugares em incidência, encontram-se as de colo do útero e de mama. A prevenção do câncer de colo de útero e de mama é uma das ações de saúde que são feitas nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) e que nossa equipe fortaleceu com esta intervenção. Escolhemos esta ação para juntos começar as mudanças que poderiam oferecer uma maior atenção de nossas mulheres além de nossa cobertura ser um pouco baixa teríamos que trabalhar mais em alguns dos indicadores da qualidade. As atividades que realizamos para modificar os indicadores anteriores tiveram o objetivo principal de melhorar a detecção de câncer de colo do útero e de mama na USF Dr. Luiz Escolástico Bezerra no município de Mossoró/RN. Nesta Unidade, localizada no bairro de Santa Delmira, tem duas equipes de trabalho caracterizadas por serem Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), sendo que contamos com locais e quase todos os profissionais para fazer as consultas e os procedimentos de enfermagem. Com a intervenção desenvolvida durante 16 semanas conseguimos abranger todos os aspectos relevantes, contemplando todas as metas e indicadores propostos para a Atenção à Prevenção de Câncer de Mama e Colo de Útero. Durante a intervenção foram cadastradas 230 mulheres para prevenção de câncer de colo de útero alcançando o aumento de nossa cobertura para 25,3% e 117 mulheres, nos novos padrões, para prevenção de câncer de mama, aumentando em cada mês o número de mulheres atendidas adequadamente até chegarmos a cobertura de 40,2%. Conseguimos alcançar e manter em 100% para a qualidade das amostras coletadas. Realizou-se busca ativa em todas as usuárias com resultados dos exames alterados e que não retornaram à Unidade. Foram pesquisados sinais de alerta em todas as mulheres cadastradas e 100% delas também recebeu orientação sobre Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (DST) e sinais de alerta para câncer de colo de útero e de mama. É importante destacar que a intervenção na minha Unidade de Saúde propiciou o aumento de nossa cobertura na prevenção de câncer de colo de útero e de mama e a melhoria na qualificação da atenção às mulheres da população alvo da comunidade. Em relação ao serviço e equipe notou-se que apoio dos outros profissionais do serviço permitiu a melhoria dos agendamentos, dos registros e dos cadastros na demanda espontânea, com impacto na realização de outras atividades no serviço, como as capacitações com as agentes de saúde e os contatos com líderes da comunidade. A equipe conseguiu capacitar e conhecer tudo promovendo o trabalho integrado nas atividades, além do cumprimento das suas atribuições dentro da unidade, demonstrando que com gestão e organização se alcança os objetivos propostos.

Prevenção da sífilis congênita em uma unidade básica de saúde de São Luís - MA

A sífilis congênita é um problema de saúde pública responsável por desfechos trágicos na gestação, bem como más-formações severas ao concepto. É transmitida verticalmente, com maior probabilidade de infecção no primeiro trimestre da gestação. A prevenção é a alternativa de maior eficácia no enfretamento desta enfermidade e é feita com acesso ao pré-natal de qualidade. Este plano foi elaborado com o objetivo de trabalhar medidas de educação em saúde para prevenção de sífilis congênita na comunidade adstrita ao Centro de Saúde da Família Olímpica I, em São Luís – MA. O plano de ação será desenvolvido no decorrer do ano de 2017. Ocorrerão palestras, oficinas, mesas-redondas entre a comunidade, profissionais de saúde e representantes do poder público para propor novas formas de abordagem do problema. Promover acesso ao pré-natal de qualidade bem como investir em ações de educação em saúde são essenciais para a prevenção da doença.

The Value Of The 2005 International Society Of Urological Pathology (isup) Modified Gleason Grading System As A Predictor Of Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy.

To compare time and risk to biochemical recurrence (BR) after radical prostatectomy of two chronologically different groups of patients using the standard and the modified Gleason system (MGS). Cohort 1 comprised biopsies of 197 patients graded according to the standard Gleason system (SGS) in the period 1997/2004, and cohort 2, 176 biopsies graded according to the modified system in the period 2005/2011. Time to BR was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis and prediction of shorter time to recurrence using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Patients in cohort 2 reflected time-related changes: striking increase in clinical stage T1c, systematic use of extended biopsies, and lower percentage of total length of cancer in millimeter in all cores. The MGS used in cohort 2 showed fewer biopsies with Gleason score ≤ 6 and more biopsies of the intermediate Gleason score 7. Time to BR using the Kaplan-Meier curves showed statistical significance using the MGS in cohort 2, but not the SGS in cohort 1. Only the MGS predicted shorter time to BR on univariate analysis and on multivariate analysis was an independent predictor. The results favor that the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology modified system is a refinement of the Gleason grading and valuable for contemporary clinical practice.

[climacteric Syndrome In A Northeastern Brazilian City: A Household Survey].

To assess the prevalence of Climacteric Syndrome (CS) in women from a municipality of Northeastern Brazil which is less developed socioeconomically. A prospective household survey was performed in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil with 1,210 climacteric women aged 45 to 60 years. Interviews were applied using previously tested standard questionnaires from April to July 2008. The severity of climacteric symptoms was analyzed by circulatory and psychological indexes and the latter were associated with menopausal status. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to assess the relation among climacteric symptoms. Most patients were 55 to 60 years old (35.3%), mulatto (37.9%), with 9-11 years of schooling (39.8%), with a partner (56%), Catholic (73.9%) and belonged to the socioeconomic class C (51.1%). The prevalence of CS was 85.9%, and hot flashes (56.4%) and sweating (50.4%) were the most prevalent symptoms. The most frequent psychological symptoms were nervousness (45%) and emotional liability (44.8%). The severity of vasomotor and psychological symptoms was significantly higher during the peri and postmenopausal period (p<0.05). Vaginal dryness (62.7%) was the most prevalent urogenital complaint. The prevalence of CS was high among women from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.

Albumin Is Synthesized In Epididymis And Aggregates In A High Molecular Mass Glycoprotein Complex Involved In Sperm-egg Fertilization.

The epididymis has an important role in the maturation of sperm for fertilization, but little is known about the epididymal molecules involved in sperm modifications during this process. We have previously described the expression pattern for an antigen in epididymal epithelial cells that reacts with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) TRA 54. Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analyses suggest that the epitope of the epididymal antigen probably involves a sugar moiety that is released into the epididymal lumen in an androgen-dependent manner and subsequently binds to luminal sperm. Using column chromatography, SDS-PAGE with in situ digestion and mass spectrometry, we have identified the protein recognized by mAb TRA 54 in mouse epididymal epithelial cells. The ∼65 kDa protein is part of a high molecular mass complex (∼260 kDa) that is also present in the sperm acrosomal vesicle and is completely released after the acrosomal reaction. The amino acid sequence of the protein corresponded to that of albumin. Immunoprecipitates with anti-albumin antibody contained the antigen recognized by mAb TRA 54, indicating that the epididymal molecule recognized by mAb TRA 54 is albumin. RT-PCR detected albumin mRNA in the epididymis and fertilization assays in vitro showed that the glycoprotein complex containing albumin was involved in the ability of sperm to recognize and penetrate the egg zona pellucida. Together, these results indicate that epididymal-derived albumin participates in the formation of a high molecular mass glycoprotein complex that has an important role in egg fertilization.

Influence Of Fluorescent Dye On Physical-mechanical Properties Of Luting Cements For Confocal Microscopy Analysis.

To evaluate the influence of a fluorescent dye (rhodamine B) on the physical and mechanical properties of three different luting cements: a conventional adhesive luting cement (RelyX ARC, 3M/ESPE), a self-adhesive luting cement (RelyX U-200, 3M/ESPE), and a self-etching and self-adhesive luting cement (SeT PP, SDI). The cements were mixed with 0.03 wt% rhodamine B, formed into bar-shaped specimens (n = 10), and light cured using an LED curing unit (Radii, SDI) with a radiant exposure of 32 J/cm(2) . The Knoop hardness (KHN), flexural strength (FS), and Young's modulus (YM) analyses were evaluated after storage for 24 h. Outcomes were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P = 0.05) for multiple comparisons. No significant differences in FS or YM were observed among the tested groups (P ≥ 0.05); the addition of rhodamine B increased the hardness of the luting cements tested. The addition of a fluorescent agent at 0.03 wt% concentration does not negatively affect the physical-mechanical properties of the luting cement polymerization behavior.

Microtensile Bond Strength Of Methacrylate And Silorane Resins To Enamel And Dentin.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of two substrates (enamel and dentin) considering two study factors: type of composite resin [methacrylate-based (Filtek Supreme) or silorane-based (Filtek LS)] and aging time (24 h or 3 months). Twenty human molars were selected and divided into 2 groups (n=10) considering two dental substrates, enamel or dentin. The enamel and dentin of each tooth was divided into two halves separated by a glass plate. Each tooth was restored using both tested composite resins following the manufacturer's instructions. The samples were sectioned, producing 4 sticks for each composite resin. Half of them were tested after 24 h and half after 3 months. µTBS testing was carried out at 0.05 mm/s. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests at α=0.05. Significant differences between composite resins and substrates were found (p<0.05), but no statistically significant difference was found for aging time and interactions among study factors. The methacrylate-based resin showed higher µTBS than the silorane-based resin. The µTBS for enamel was significantly higher than for dentin, irrespective of the composite resin and storage time. Three months of storage was not sufficient time to cause degradation of the bonding interaction of either of the composite resins to enamel and dentin.

Long-term Results Of Anderson-hynes Pyeloplasty In Children: How Long Follow-up Is Necessary?

Purpose After a successful pyeloplasty at 3 to 6 months, the question remains whether children need a long follow-up. Methods The medical charts of patients with long-term follow-up (> 5 years), who underwent dismembered pyeloplasty for uretero-pelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) from May 1998 to May 2007, excluding those with bilateral UPJO, solitary kidney, associated vesicoureteral reflux or other abnormalities, and inconclusive renogram due to poor renal function, were retrospectively reviewed. Ultrasonography, differential renal function (DRF, DMSA), and renal drainage on diuretic renography (diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate technetium-99 or DTPA-Tc99) were performed at 3 and 6 months every year. Results Complete data were available for 28 consecutive patients (28 renal unities) with 2 months to 12 years (mean age, 2.4 years) at surgery, of whom 21 (75%) were boys, 17 diagnosed prenatally (61%) and 18 unities (64.3%) were left, with median follow-up of 10.7 years. Images were graded according to the Society for Fetal Urology grading system: Grade III in 11 (49%) and grade IV in 17 (61%). All cases presented > 10% DRF (DMSA) and obstructed DTPA-Tc99. The T1/2 (the half-time of drainage) less than 20 minutes at 3 months was found in 21 cases (75%) and less than 25 minutes in 7 cases (25%). Renal function and patency were maintained during follow-up for all units with 8% maximum fluctuation of DRF. One index case (3.6%) of renal function deterioration presented DRF fluctuation > 8% at 3 months (from 23 to 32%) and progressive hydronephrosis and indeterminate DTPA at 6 months. Conclusions Satisfactory diuretic renogram at 3 to 6 months after pyeloplasty with maintained renal function and stable hydronephrosis suggests no need for further follow-up and indicates no functional loss with time. More than 8% DRF fluctuation might be a significant cutoff for further intervention aiming nephron preservation.

Anxiety-like Effects Of Meta-chlorophenylpiperazine In Paradoxically Sleep-deprived Mice.

Chlorophenylpiperazines (CPP) are psychotropic drugs used in nightclub parties and are frequently used in a state of sleep deprivation, a condition which can potentiate the effects of psychoactive drugs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep rebound (RB) on anxiety-like measures in mCPP-treated mice using the open field test. We first optimized our procedure by performing dose-effect curves and examining different pretreatment times in naïve male Swiss mice. Subsequently, a separate cohort of mice underwent paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) for 24 or 48h. In the last experiment, immediately after the 24h-PSD period, mice received an injection of saline or mCPP, but their general activity was quantified in the open field only after the RB period (24 or 48h). The dose of 5mgmL(-1) of mCPP was the most effective at decreasing rearing behavior, with peak effects 15min after injection. PSD decreased locomotion and rearing behaviors, thereby inhibiting a further impairment induced by mCPP. Plasma concentrations of mCPP were significantly higher in PSD 48h animals compared to the non-PSD control group. Twenty-four hours of RB combined with mCPP administration produced a slight reduction in locomotion. Our results show that mCPP was able to significantly change the behavior of naïve, PSD, and RB mice. When combined with sleep deprivation, there was a higher availability of drug in plasma levels. Taken together, our results suggest that sleep loss can enhance the behavioral effects of the potent psychoactive drug, mCPP, even after a period of rebound sleep.

Omentum For Mammary Disorders: A 30-year Systematic Review.

Although the safety of applying omentum to the female breast for total breast reconstruction is controversial, it has recently been used to treat certain mammary disorders as well. A systematic review was therefore conducted to analyze and establish the suitability and safety of applying omentum to the breast. Covereing the interval from January 1984 to December 2013, we performed searches in MEDLINE, Embase, SciELO, and Google-Scholar for original articles describing the applicability of greater omentum to the breast and its clinical complications. Sixty observational articles with 985 women were chosen. The main clinical indications were total breast reconstruction after mastectomy due to breast cancer (45 studies), radiation damage (23 studies), and congenital Poland syndrome (4 studies). Altogether, 273 complications were identified among the 985 women treated. The most frequent was flap necrosis (26.74 %). The most serious was injury to the digestive system (1.10 %). There was a 35.48 % incidence of local breast cancer recurrence in eight observational studies on oncological risk. Seven of the eight included only women with advanced cancer. One of these studies reported the incidence and relapse time predominantly according to the primary tumor size. Although the oncological risk remains unclear, there was a high volume of complications that affected the digestive system. These findings suggest that omentum has well established applicability, but only for total breast reconstruction of huge defects, where muscular/myocutaneous or perforator flaps may be unsuitable.

The Value Of Audiovisual Archives.

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Characterization Of Cumulative Joint Damage Patterns In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Clinical, Serological, And Gene Polymorphism Perspective.

To characterize cumulative joint damage (CJD) patterns in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine their associations with demographic/clinical features and HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism. Hand and foot radiographs were obtained from 404 patients with RA. CJD patterns were determined by 3 derivations from Sharp/van der Heijde scores, obtained by the mathematical division of scores for hands/feet (Sharp-h/f score), fingers/wrists (Sharp-f/w score), and erosion/space narrowing (Sharp-e/sn score), respectively. DNA and serum were obtained for determination of HLA-DRB1 polymorphism, rheumatoid factor (RF), and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). Patients with wrist-dominant CJD pattern were more likely to have severe RA than those with finger-dominant pattern (68.4% vs 46.0%; p = 0.036) as were those with foot-dominant vs hand-dominant CJD pattern (76.5% vs 56.4%; p = 0.044). HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) alleles were associated with erosion-dominant CJD pattern (p = 0.021). Patients with erosion-dominant CJD pattern had higher levels of RF and ACPA than those with space-narrowing-dominant CJD pattern (median RF 71.35 U/ml vs 22.05 U/ml, respectively; p = 0.003; median ACPA 187.9 U/ml vs 143.2 U/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). The majority of triple-positive patients (SE+, RF+, ACPA+) had erosion-dominant CJD pattern (62.3%) while the majority of triple-negative patients (SE-, FR-, ACPA-) had space narrowing-dominant CJD pattern (75%; p = 0.017). ACPA was associated with HLA-DRB1 SE alleles (p < 0.05). Patients with foot-dominant CJD pattern were taller than those with hand-dominant CJD pattern (p = 0.002); those with erosion-dominant CJD pattern had higher weight and body mass index than those with space narrowing-dominant CJD pattern (p = 0.014, p = 0.001). CJD patterns were associated with disease severity, HLA-DRB1 SE status, presence and titer of ACPA and RF, and morphometric features.

Alilação e crotilação catalítica e enantiosseletiva de aldeídos

The field of chiral catalysis has experienced explosive growth over the last two decades. By now, many of the classical reactions in organic synthesis can be carried out efficiently in asymmetric manner. As one of the fundamental and powerful C-C bond-forming reactions, enantioselective catalytic allylation (ECA) and crotylation (ECC) of aldehydes has attracted considerable attention. In this article, we present an overview about the importance of chiral Lewis acids and bases in catalytic enantioselective addition of allyl- and crotyl metals to aldehydes and the application of this methodology in the total synthesis of natural and non-natural products.