La inteligencia y el mundo.

Programa emitido el 17 de enero de 1995

Discurso del Excmo. Sr. Ministro de Educación Nacional, profesor Lora Tamayo, en el acto de apertura de curso en la Universidad de Sevilla : 4 de octubre de 1965.

Transcripción del discurso pronunciado por el Ministro de Educación Nacional, Manuel Lora Tamayo, en la inauguración del curso 1965-1966, en la Universidad de Sevilla sobre el incremento de puestos de profesores adjuntos, la legislación universitaria, la organización estudiantil, el patronato universitario, acompañado de un breve elogio a la universidad hispalense.

Lección sobre San Isidro Labrador.

Elogio al trabajo de labrador y al campo como fuente inagotable de bienes para el cuerpo y para el alma. También, se alaba la figura de San Isidro, piadoso labrador de Madrid, criado de un rico propietario de tierras, Iván de Vargas, y que junto a su esposa Santa María de la Cabeza, fue testigo de sucesos prodigiosos. Su beatificación se dictó en 1619 por el Papa Paulo V y su fiesta se celebra el 15 de mayo.

Discurso del Ministro de Educación y Ciencia en la XIX Conferencia General.

Es continuación de la publicación: Boletín de la Comisión Española de la UNESCO

Maragall enll?? o l'elogi de la traducci??

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Estratégias de resolução de conflitos em adolescentes angolanos e portugueses

Pretendemos estudar situações de conflito interpessoal e sócio-moral e comparar as estratégias de resolução que são escolhidas por adolescentes de contextos culturais diferentes. Participaram no estudo 89 adolescentes, 44 portugueses e 45 angolanos, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 16 anos, distribuídos de forma equivalente pelos dois géneros. Foram construídos quatro dilemas que configuram situações de conflito interpessoal e moral habituais entre adolescentes (humilhação, inveja, rivalidade entre grupos e traição amorosa) e foram utilizadas quatro medidas, atribuição de comportamento e de emoção, perceção de ganhos e antecipação de custos. Os resultados revelaram que a escolha de estratégias de resolução de conflitos interpessoais (agressão física, agressão verbal, indiferença, negociação e outras) é insensível ao género, mas varia inter-medidas nas histórias de inveja e de traição, varia com o conteúdo sócio-moral das situações, sobretudo entre a história de traição amorosa e as outras histórias, e varia inter-culturas também para a história de traição, onde se verificam diferenças estatísticas nas três medidas. Os resultados mostram ainda que os adolescentes têm dificuldade em antecipar os custos associados às estratégias de resolução de conflitos interpessoais, pois optam maioritariamente por não responder a esta questão.

E da fronteira veio um pioneiro : a frontier thesis de Frederick Jackson Turner (1861-1932)

O historiador Frederick Jackson Turner (1862-1931) é considerado o grande pai da historiografia moderna nos Estados Unidos. Sua frontier thesis postulava a centralidade da expansão das fronteiras ocidentais no processo de formação da nacionalidade estadunidense e na consolidação da democracia política naquela nação, abandonando uma história política factual e introduzindo uma interpretação calcada em fatores econômicos e sociais, com claras implicações presentistas. Graças a esta análise revolucionária, Turner tornou-se uma espécie de patrono da profissionalização da disciplina nos Estados Unidos, formando toda uma geração de historiadores a partir de seus seminários na Universidade Estadual do Wisconsin e em Harvard. Não só isso, mas a sua teoria encontrou apelo entre elementos da classe política e empresarial, incluindo dois Presidentes da República, Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) e Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921). A explicação para tal sucesso pode ser encontrada na relação entre a frontier thesis e o Mito da Fronteira, através de uma narrativa que fazia uso dos ícones e imagens do Mito enquadrados em uma retórica extremamente persuasiva. Nas páginas dos escritos de Turner, os norte-americanos marcham triunfalmente em direção a conquista de todo o continente, justificada pelo seu amor à democracia e por sua devoção ao progresso material e mental dos homens. Com isso, o historiador conseguiu unir uma valorização do agrarianismo primitivo com um elogio à evolução histórica dos Estados Unidos.

Better than my pride is your misfortune: the impact of schadenfreude on decision-making

Investigações anteriores relacionadas ao schadenfreude concentraram-se nos fatores que provocam o prazer no infortúnio do outro. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o impacto do schadenfreude na tomada de decisão. Dois estudos (um em laboratório e uma em campo) abordam o impacto do schadenfreude em decisões realizadas no passado e no futuro em eventos desportivos. O primeiro estudo confronta sentimentos de orgulho em uma vitória do time favorito contra os sentimentos de perda schadenfreude de uma equipe rival. Os resultados mostraram que as pessoas preferiam enviar notícias sobre a vitória da equipe favorita (orgulho) ao invés da perda do time rival (schadenfreude) quando as diferenças de pontuação no jogo eram pequenas (por exemplo: time favorito 1 x 0 outro, contra, o time rival 0 x 1 favorito). No entanto, as pessoas eram mais propensas a fazer a escolha schadenfreude (por exemplo, escolher o envio de uma notícia sobre a derrota de um time rival) quando o resultado era alto (por exemplo, time favorito 5 x 0 rival, contra, time rival 0 x 5 favorito). O segundo estudo no campo examina como schadenfreude influencia a vontade de apostar contra um time rival. Para responder a esse problema, a preferência da equipe do participante é avaliada (Participantes que apoiam time alvo contra os que apoiam o rival). Uma manipulação de louvor é adicionada, tal que os consumidores vejam ou não um elogio à equipe alvo enquanto eles estão fazendo uma aposta sobre o resultado da partida. Os resultados mostram que os torcedores do time alvo não foram influenciados pela manipulação de louvor. No entanto, torcedores do time rival aumentaram sua probabilidade de aposta contra o time alvo (ou seja, mostraram um comportamento que envolve o schadenfreude) quando esta foi elogiada antes do jogo.

...Em busca da realidade... : a experiência da etnicidade dos Eleotérios (Catu/RN)

The south region of the Rio Grande do Norte has been historically recognized as a place of old indian villages. Inhabitants of the edges of the Catu River, border between the cities of Canguaretama and Goianinha, the Eleotérios in the threshold of 21st century had passed to be seen and self recognized as "remaining indians" of the RN. Their ethnic mobilizations, when becoming public had placed to the intellectual and political fields an old question to be reflected on: the asseverations concerning the "indian disappearing" in the State. This item brings with it other implications. Accessed by a para-oficial indigenism, the Eleotérios had started to establish political relations with the Potiguara indians of the Baía da Traição/PB and the Indian Movement, feeling stimulated to produce and to reproduce forms of social differentiation. In this context, this research is worried about elucidating the process of construction of the ethnicity among the Eleotérios, percepted from the social relations and politics kept with the amplest society, into a particular historical situation involving sugar cane fields owners, proprietaries, militants, researchers, ambiental agencies. The effects of these political and social relations had been extended, making Eleotérios appear to the society as susceptible social actors to the specific policies for the aboriginal populations

Interação em sala de aula de língua inglesa: o feedback como estratégia do desempenho assistido

This dissertation aims at characterizing the practices as well as the effects of a teacher s feedback in oral conversation interaction with students in an English Language classroom at a Primary School, 6th Grade in Açu/RN, Brazil. Therefore, this study is based on Vygotsky s (1975) and Bruner´s (1976) researches, which state that the learning process is constructed through interaction between a more experienced individual (teacher, parents and friends) and a learner who plays an active role, a re-constructor of knowledge. It is also based on Ur´s (2006) and Brookhart s (2008) studies (among other authors in Applied Linguistic) who defend that the feedback process needs to be evaluative and formative since it sets interfaces with both students autonomy and learning improvement. Our study is based on qualitative, quantitative and interpretive researches, whose natural environment (the classroom) is a direct source of data generated in this research through field observations/note-taking as well as through the transcriptions of five English classes audio taped. This study shows the following results: the teacher still seems to accept the patterns of interaction in the classroom that correspond to the IRE process (Initiation, Response, Evaluation) in behaviorist patterns: (1) he speaks and determines the turns of speech; (2) the teacher asks more questions and directs the activities most of the time; (3) the teacher´s feedback presents the following types: questioning, modeling, repeated response, praise, depreciation, positive/negative and sarcasm feedback, whose functions are to assess students' performance based on the rightness and wrongness of their responses. Thus, this implies to state that the feedback does not seem to help students improvement in terms of acquiring knowledge because of its normative effects/roles. Therefore, it is the teacher´s role to give evaluative and formative feedback to a student so that he/she should advance in the learning of the language and in the construction of knowledge

Forró eletrônico: uma análise sobre a representação da figura feminina

Understanding music as a social manifestation, able to represent the time and culture along with their uses and mores, we look at the female figure in the electronic forró genre. Through a reading of the two genres musical and feminine we seek to identify the discourses present in the compositions, which refer to the feminine with thematic and/or terms referring to women. The study focuses on the compositions between 2009 to 2010 which became hits, ie.: those which have attained the highest number of listeners to 96 FM in a program named Paradão 96, broadcasted daily in the city of Natal/RN. Grounded in such concepts as cultural industry, mass culture, folkcommunication and gender, we analyze the processes of meaning production as a result of using the female figure and more accurately, about the representation of women through the discourse of this specific genre. We have chose the descriptive research with a qualitative approach and Discourse Analysis as a technique to identify the terms that refer to women, reflecting on what would be the possible meanings found in these speeches. We point out that in our investigation the female figure turned into a sexual object, erotic and submissive, in their turn, attributes usually given to women, was not a predominant result in the speech of electronic forró gender. With a variant thematic some playful and others about the betrayal of women we have identified that, to the surprise of many, including ourselves, romantic love was the one who led the audience requests during our time frame and that the female figure has several facets within the studied genre

O Macrogênero drama Norte-Riograndense: uma análise de gênero e de discurso sob a perspectiva da linguística sistêmico-funcional

The focus of this qualiquantitative research is the phenomenon we are denominating Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte, which contemplates short verse texts from the oral tradition, sung and presented on stage by women in communities on the south coast of the northeastern Brazilian State, Rio Grande do Norte. This tradition harkens to the medieval romance of the Iberian Peninsula (CASCUDO, 2001; GURGEL, 1999; GALVÃO, 1993; MAGALHÃES, 1973; ROMERO,1977). The objective of this research is to: identify what characterizes the genre Drama of Rio Grande do Norte; situate this genre within a systemization of genres from the oral tradition in Rio Grande do Norte; investigate the interpersonal relationships of power and solidarity through the role of the women in the discourse, how they see themselves and others, pointing out which elements of the world they evaluate and to identify representations of the feminine in the discourse. The theory of Genre and Register of Martin and Rose (2008) and Generic Structure Potential of Hasan (1989, 1996), which has as a base the Systemic Functional Linguistics of Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), Eggins (1994) among others, offers a theoretical framework for the characterization of the genre through the identification of stages and phases configuring its typology the individual schematic structure and its topology its relation to other phenomena in the oral tradition. Other groupings were mapped of the ‗Macrogenre , from the model of Martin and Rose (2008) as a continuum on two axis: between the poles of how the genre circulates orally x in writing, and recited/individually x staged/collectively; as well as mapping the samples with relation to power using the same model, but with the poles of individual voice x collective voice on an axis between increased power and diminished power. Eleven texts described as Narratives and one Anecdote were selected for the analysis of Attitudes, and Negotiations of power. Through the quantification of semantic discursive resources in the discourse systems of Appraisal (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005) and of Negotiation (MARTIN; ROSE, 2007), as well as reflections about humor (EGGINS; SLADE, 1997) we identified the Attitudes and the Negotiations of interpersonal roles. The quantification is based on the theories of Corpus Linguistics (BERBER SARDINHA, 2010), using WordSmith Tools 5.0 (SCOTT, 2010). Our results show that the Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte is characterized as a Macrogenre in the Community of Oral Stories, in the Family of Street Theatre/Games, composed of five genre types: Narratives, Praise, Complaints, Anecdotes, and Exemplum. The Macrogenre is characterized by its being circulated orally, staged collectively and the texts analyzed configure in differing degrees of power between men and woman. In synthesis we observe that through humor, the Drama-of-Rio-Grande-do-Norte functions to offer a space for women to voice, comment, judge and orient about social conditions in their communities, such as alcoholism, domestic violence, inequalities before the law etc., as well as circulating positive appreciations of rural/coastal culture and judgments about the behavior of members of the speech community, the role of women being to establish and reinforce norms. We anticipate possible benefits of the addition of the genre analyzed in literacy projects in the schools of Rio Grande do Norte

Forró eletrônico: uma análise sobre a representação da figura feminina

Entendiendo la música como una manifestación social, capaz de representar el tiempo y la cultura, junto con sus usos y costumbres, dirigimos nuestra mirada en la figura femenina presente en el género forró electrónico. A través de la lectura de los dos géneros musical y femenino buscamos identificar los discursos, presentes en las composiciones, que se refieren a lo femenino con temática y/o términos que se refieren a las mujeres. El estudio se centra en las composiciones en el período 2009 a 2010 y que se convirtieron en éxitos, es decir, aquellos que han alcanzado el mayor número de oyentes de Radio 96 FM a través del programa Paradão 96, transmitido diariamente en la ciudad de Natal/RN. Basado en conceptos tales como industria cultural, cultura de masas, folkcomunicación y género, se analizan los procesos de producción de sentido como resultado del uso de la figura femenina y con mayor precisión, sobre la representación de las mujeres a través de discursos del forró electrónico. Elegimos el enfoque descriptivo cualitativo y análisis del discurso como una técnica para identificarlos términos que se refieren a las mujeres, reflexionando sobre los posibles significados que se encuentran en estos discursos. Se señala que en nuestra investigación no predominó una figura femenina convertida en un objeto sexual, erótico y sumisa, atributos dados para las mujeres, en los discursos de forró electrónico. Con variaciones en las temáticas algunas juguetones y otras acerca de la traición de la mujer identificamos que, para sorpresa de muchos, incluidos nosotros, el amor romántico fue el que llevó las solicitudes de audiencia durante nuestro período de tiempo y que la figura femenina tiene varias facetas dentro del forró electrónico

Não há você sem mim: histórias de mulheres sobreviventes de uma tentativa de homicídio

The murder-suicide (H / S) has been defined as a shocking crime in which a person takes the life of another and then kills himself within 24 hours. Set up as a gender violence, because men are in majority, the killers and the women victims. This study aims to understand the meanings of the experience of a H / S, from women who have survived this act. This study sets up as a hermeneutic phenomenological research, based on Heidegger`s ontology. We interviewed three survivors of H / S, whose narratives allowed to approach the senses present in their lives. The interviews were transcribed and interpreted in accordance with the hermeneutic circle, as proposed by Martin Heidegger. From the interviews of research participants perceive that these women have built their senses in stocks, represented the family foundation and the presence of a husband and children. This project that moved their lives toward the construction of modes-of-being. We noticed the presence of historicity constructing meanings for the existence of these women. We found reports of an experience of loving relationships characterized by strong jealousy, with the presence of fantasies of betrayal, and marked by a careful affective relationship that put them in the position of object possession of his companions. Reflect that such caring restricted their existence being-for-husband. So the senses that moved their stocks, which aimed his ways existential, was the creation of a family, a reference to their lives, to live a love, and care for the children. Therefore, beyond the already known aspects in studies on violence against women, which made these women continue to choose this relationship was the sense that they had for their existence. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the construction of a new look on violence against women, taking as a basis the Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology

O Banco Mundial e modelos de gestão educativa para a América Latina

Este artigo empreende a análise do discurso dos capítulos cinco e sete do documento do Banco Mundial: Para além do consenso de Washington: a importância das instituições, identificando e questionando a proposição de modelos teóricos para as reformas da administração pública e educacional na América Latina, com fundamento em autores preocupados em examinar o conceito de modelo teórico. A intenção é discutir as categorias envolvidas, suas ambigüidades e seu caráter inovador/conservador e definir se as propostas contidas no texto referido são nacional e regionalmente adequadas, se detêm o poder de transformar a realidade ou constituem apenas algo mais sobre a mesma coisa ou, pior, traduzem o resgate/elogio de modelos remodelados, inspirados na teoria empresarial, que alimentam a crítica dos acadêmicos regionais há décadas.