The importance of a Biosphere Reserve of Atlantic Forest for the conservation of stream fauna

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Barriers, rather than refugia, underlie the origin of diversity in toads endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biomass burning fuel consumption rates: a field measurement database

Landscape fires show large variability in the amount of biomass or fuel consumed per unit area burned. Fuel consumption (FC) depends on the biomass available to burn and the fraction of the biomass that is actually combusted, and can be combined with estimates of area burned to assess emissions. While burned area can be detected from space and estimates are becoming more reliable due to improved algorithms and sensors, FC is usually modeled or taken selectively from the literature. We compiled the peerreviewed literature on FC for various biomes and fuel categories to understand FC and its variability better, and to provide a database that can be used to constrain biogeochemical models with fire modules. We compiled in total 77 studies covering 11 biomes including savanna (15 studies, average FC of 4.6 t DM (dry matter) ha 1 with a standard deviation of 2.2), tropical forest (n = 19, FC = 126 +/- 77), temperate forest (n = 12, FC = 58 +/- 72), boreal forest (n = 16, FC = 35 +/- 24), pasture (n = 4, FC = 28 +/- 9.3), shifting cultivation (n = 2, FC = 23, with a range of 4.0-43), crop residue (n = 4, FC = 6.5 +/- 9.0), chaparral (n = 3, FC = 27 +/- 19), tropical peatland (n = 4, FC = 314 +/- 196), boreal peatland (n = 2, FC = 42 [42-43]), and tundra (n = 1, FC = 40). Within biomes the regional variability in the number of measurements was sometimes large, with e. g. only three measurement locations in boreal Russia and 35 sites in North America. Substantial regional differences in FC were found within the defined biomes: for example, FC of temperate pine forests in the USA was 37% lower than Australian forests dominated by eucalypt trees. Besides showing the differences between biomes, FC estimates were also grouped into different fuel classes. Our results highlight the large variability in FC, not only between biomes but also within biomes and fuel classes. This implies that substantial uncertainties are associated with using biome-averaged values to represent FC for whole biomes. Comparing the compiled FC values with co-located Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (GFED3) FC indicates that modeling studies that aim to represent variability in FC also within biomes, still require improvements as they have difficulty in representing the dynamics governing FC.

Análise estrutural em relictos de cerrado no parque estadual do Guartelá, município de Tibagi, estado do Paraná, Brasil

This study was accomplished in existing Cerrado's relicts at State Park Guartelá, Tibagi, PR (24°39'10S and 50°15'25W), which represent one of the last extreme-meridional remanescents of this type of formation. Fifty plots with dimensions of 5x5m were allocated for phyto-sociological analysis, including in the sample individuals with height ≥ 1 m, divided into two samples to evaluate the following strata: a) upper-plants with DAS ≥ 3 cm, and b) intermediate - plants with DAS <3cm. Moreover, in each plot, there were established sub-plots with dimensions of 1x1m for sampling the lower stratum, comprised by individuals with height <1m and >10cm. The complete survey found 1340 individuals distributed in 28 families, 66 genera and 115 species. The diversity index was higher for the mean component (H'=3.30), followed by the superior component (H'=3.09) and the inferior (H'=2.91). The frequent occurrence of bushes is a remarkable characteristic of the physiognomy of the areas inside the park and 82 % of the populations studied are distributed in aggregated standard. Because it is a marginal region of occurrence of cerrado vegetation, now under the influence of a subtropical climate, more humid and cold, compared to the core area of this biome, it is noted that these areas are characterized by a decrease in stature, richness and diversity of its flora. Nevertheless, they preserve typical species of the Brazilian Savannah; but, due to their distribution in relicts and been, in part, devastated, some are included in the red list of endangered plants in Parana state, which evidences the importance of conservation and management of these areas.

Análise bayesiana para características de carcaça avaliadas por ultrassonografia de bovinos da raça Nelore Mocho, criados em bioma Cerrado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C: diversidade genética e química de populações

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Oscilação dos níveis freáticos do Sistema Aquífero Bauru (SAB) em região de cerrado no período de 2010-2015

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Percepções sobre o cerrado encontradas em graduandos em engenharias da Universidade Estadual Paulista de Bauru

When we discuss environmental issues, research shows that individuals do not seem to present a genuine perception of the natural environment, which can be justified by the current context of modernity, in which the contact of many people with a natural environment is scarce and in front of this, build a perception of environment through intermediaries, such as classes, books, magazines or television. The Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, located in Bauru - SP, allows its goers a direct contact with the Cerrado, since part of this biome reserve is located in the institution. This paper reports a research on perceptions related to the Cerrado, conducted with students of the first and last year of Graduation in Engineering. The aim was to investigate whether there are differences in perceptions found in beginners and senior students who attended about five years of disciplines on a campus present in the Cerrado area.

Phytogeographic retrospective in ecotonal areas guided by soil attributes

Re-establishing deforested ecosystems to pre-settlement vegetation is difficult, especially in ecotonal areas, due to lack of knowledge about the original physiognomy. Our objective was to use a soils database that included chemical and physical parameters to distinguish soil samples of forest from those of savannah sites in a municipality located in the southeastern Brazil region. Discriminant analysis (DA) was used to determine the original biome vegetation (forest or savannah) in ecotone regions that have been converted to pasture and are degraded. First, soils of pristine forest and savannah sites were tested, resulting in a reference database to compare to the degraded soils. Although the data presented, in general had a high level of similarity among the two biomes, some differences occurred that were sufficient for DA to distinguish the sites and classify the soil samples taken from grassy areas into forest or savannah. The soils from pastured areas presented quality worse than the soils of the pristine areas. Through DA analysis we observed that, from seven soil samples collected from grassy areas, five were most likely originally forest biome and two were savannah, ratified by a complementary cluster analysis carried out with the database of these samples. The model here proposed is pioneer. However, the users should keep in mind that using this technology, i.e., establishing a regional-level database of soil features, using soil samples collected both from pristine and degraded areas is critical for success of the project, especially because of the ecological and regional particularities of each biome.

Variabilidade química infraespecífica e dinâmica de metabólitos secundários fenólicos e diterpênicos em Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Salicaceae): correlação metabolômica e proteômica utilizando cromatografia, espectrometria de massas, ressonância magnética nuclear e quimiometria

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Diversificação de anuros no Chaco Sul-Americano

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudos helmintológicos em quirópteros no bioma Amazônia

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização espectral de espécies de Mata Atlântica de Interior em nível foliar e de copa

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento inicial da amburana (Amburana cearensis) em áreas de Cerrado degradado

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nitrogen (N) and the phosphorus (P) in seedlings of Amburana cearensis planted in areas occupied by Brachiaria decumbens, in an Oxisol, which originally had a Dense Savanna and in a Plinthic surrounding a Gallery Forest. We evaluated the response of A. cearensisgrowth and survival in the absence and doses of -1 10, 20 and 40 kg ha N, as urea and absence and doses of 10, 20 and -1 40 kg ha P, in the form of triple superphosphate in a randomized complete block design. We evaluated the stem diameter at four, eight and twelve months after planting. At the end of the first year were evaluated crown diameter and survival. According to the classification proposed in this study the growth of A. cearensis can be considered very slow in the Oxisol, regardless of fertilization, very slow when fertilized with N in the Plinthic and slow when fertilized with P. Despite the lower growth in Oxisol, the A. cearensis showed higher nutritional requirement there. The A. cearensis seedlings showed moderate nutritional requirement for N and high for P. In Plinthic, their nutritional requirement for P was moderate and total N present in the soil was sufficient to meet growth demand in this stage. This small nutritional requirement for N may be associated with its ability to nodulation.