821 resultados para Anxiety, Breathwork, Depression, Mindfulness, Psychotherapy, Respiration, Somatic


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Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

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Objetivo: Examinar o padrão de consumo do tabaco e conhecimentos sobre as doenças relacionadas ao tabaco, assim como identificar os tipos mais populares de mídias entre gestantes para aprimorar estratégias para a prevenção e a cessação do tabagismo entre essas mulheres. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 61 gestantes atendidas em um hospital universitário e em unidades básicas de saúde em Botucatu, SP. A Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão foi aplicada a todas as participantes. Para aquelas com história de tabagismo, também foi aplicado o Teste de Fagerström para Dependência de Nicotina, e foi avaliado o grau de motivação para cessação tabágica nas fumantes. Resultados: Das 61 gestantes avaliadas, 25 (40,9%) eram fumantes (média de idade, 26,4 ± 7,4 anos), 24 (39,3%) eram ex-fumantes (média de idade, 26,4 ± 8,3 anos), e 12 (19,8%) nunca fumaram (média de idade, 25,1 ± 7,2 anos). A exposição passiva foi relatada por 39 gestantes (63,9%). Das 49 fumantes/ex-fumantes, 13 (29,6%) conheciam as consequências pulmonares do tabagismo; somente 2 (4,9%) conheciam os riscos cardiovasculares; 23 (46,9%) acreditavam que fumar não causa nenhum problema para o feto ou o recém-nascido; 21 (42,9%) consumiram álcool durante a gestação; 18 (36,7%) relataram aumento no consumo de cigarros quando bebiam; 25 (51,0%) experimentaram cigarros com sabores; e 12 (24,5%) fumaram narguilé. Entre as 61 gestantes avaliadas, a televisão foi o tipo de mídia mais disponível e favorita (85,2%), assim como a mais preferida (49,2%). Conclusões: Entre gestantes, o fumo ativo, o fumo passivo e o uso de formas alternativas de consumo de tabaco parecem ser altamente prevalentes, e tais mulheres parecem possuir poucos conhecimentos sobre as consequências do uso de tabaco. Programas educacionais que incluam informações sobre as consequências de todas as formas de uso de tabaco, utilizando formatos novos e efetivos para esta população específica, devem ser desenvolvidos para promover a prevenção/cessação do tabagismo entre gestantes. Amostras adicionais para explorar diferenças culturais e regionais são necessárias.

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Background Oral lichen planus is a chronic immune-mediated disease with an estimated prevalence of 0.5-2.5% in the general population. Patients with oral lichen planus are often emotionally unstable and anxious and may develop concomitant systemic disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate emotional characteristics of patients with oral lichen planus.Methods Two groups were studied: the first group consisted of 48 patients with a diagnosis of oral lichen planus, and the second group consisted of controls without the disease matched for age and gender at a proportion of 1 : 1. The emotional state of the patients was evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, SF-36 generic quality of life questionnaire, and the Self Reporting Questionnaire-20.Results and conclusions The present investigation demonstrated the presence of anxiety and depression in patients with oral lichen planus and a negative impact of the disorder on the patient's quality of life as indicated by impairment of the physical aspect, vitality, mental health, and social aspect domains. This could indicate that associated psychological treatment may be important in the follow-up of these patients.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Recent evidence has suggested that systemic administration of non-selective NOS inhibitors induces antidepressant-like effects in animal models. However, the precise involvement of the different NOS isoforms (neuronal-nNOS and inducible-iNOS) in these effects has not been clearly defined yet. Considering that mediators of the inflammatory response, that are able to induce iNOS expression, can be increased by exposure to stress, the aim of the present study was to investigate iNOS involvement in stress-induced behavioral consequences in the forced swimming test (FST), an animal model sensitive to antidepressant drugs. Therefore, we investigated the effects induced by systemic injection of aminoguanidine (preferential iNOS inhibitor), 1400W (selective iNOS inhibitor) or n-propyl-L-arginine (NPA, selective nNOS inhibitor) in mice submitted to the FST. We also investigated the behavior of mice with genetic deletion of iNOS (knockout) submitted to the FST. Aminoguanidine significantly decreased the immobility time (IT) in the FST. 1400W but not NPA, when administered at equivalent doses considering the magnitude of their Ki values for iNOS and nNOS, respectively, reduced the IT, thus suggesting that aminoguanidine-induced effects would be due to selective iNOS inhibition. Similarly, iNOS KO presented decreased IT in the FST when compared to wild-type mice. These results are the first to show that selective inhibition of iNOS or its knockdown induces antidepressant-like effects, therefore suggesting that iNOS-mediated NO synthesis is involved in the modulation of stress-induced behavioral consequences. Moreover, they further support NO involvement in the neurobiology of depression. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Anxiety and Depression'. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Background: Currently, there are no studies of well-characterized severe asthmatics in Brazil. We aimed to study a population of severe treated asthmatics still uncontrolled to characterize them and define possible phenotypes. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional outpatient study of severe asthmatics, evaluating functional and inflammatory markers, health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms, clinical control status, and characteristics related to atopy, age of asthma onset, induced sputum eosinophil levels, and airflow limitation. We also grouped the subgroups characteristics to identify phenotypes. The study is registered on ClinicalTrial.gov NCT 01089322. Results: From 128 eligible patients with severe/uncontrolled asthma, 74 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The cohort was comprised of 85% women, frequently with a body mass index higher than 31 kg m(-2), atopy (60%), early-onset disease (50%), sputum eosinophilia (80%), comorbidities, and reduced quality of life. Nonatopics had significant higher asthma onset (19 y.a.) and twice level of induced sputum eosinophil. Late-onset patients had significantly less atopy (57%) and higher levels of induced sputum eosinophils. Non-eosinophilics had lower levels of inflammatory markers. Patients with airflow limitation had more intensive care unit admissions (56%) and 1.5 times more airway resistance. Subgroups characteristics identified a priori four well-characterized phenotypes, with 55% presenting sputum eosinophilia. Conclusion: Our data emphasize the high burden of disease, the persistence of inflammation and the existence of clinical possible phenotypes population sharing common features with published cohorts. Despite the necessity of further investigation into pathogenic mechanisms, this study with clinically difficult patient group may help to improve future asthma care. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.