Produtos e serviços de informação nos websites das bibliotecas da Universidade de Lisboa: um contributo para a sua avaliação

A presente investigação visa verificar a oferta de produtos e serviços de informação nos websites das bibliotecas da Universidade de Lisboa (UL) e avaliar o impacto que as plataformas sociais, e as ferramentas disponíveis na Web, têm na sua gestão. Para tal adotouse uma metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica e de estudo de caso, através de um questionário, com perguntas abertas, e da técnica de observação direta dos websites. Assim, para além da revisão da literatura, para o processo de recolha de dados foi enviado um questionário por e-mail aos bibliotecários responsáveis e efetuada a observação dos websites através da adaptação de uma grelha de análise construída a partir do Guia de Boas Práticas de websites da Administração Direta e Indireta do Estado versão 3.0 de fevereiro de 2003. A utilização destes diferentes instrumentos visou obter dados de diferentes tipos, os quais proporcionaram a possibilidade de cruzamento de informação. Através da revisão da literatura e da observação e análise de conteúdos dos websites pretendeu-se: 1) demonstrar que as bibliotecas universitárias da UL podem ampliar as suas fronteiras e visualizar as possibilidades de inovar as suas atividades a partir da utilização e exploração das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, de um modo geral, e da Web 2.0 em particular, através de estratégias inovadores ao nível do marketing, com recurso às redes socias; 2) salientar o papel dos websites como elo de ligação entre a biblioteca e o utilizador; 3) verificar a utilização da Web 2.0 como forma de mudança na maneira como as bibliotecas oferecem e disponibilizam os seus serviços. Para esse efeito, identificamos e observamos as principais práticas e estratégias de marketing aplicadas pelas bibliotecas nomeadamente: weblogs, folksonomias, wikis, canais RSS e serviços Web de criação, edição e partilha e identificamos a cultura organizacional e de participação dos portais. Finalmente, apontamos alguns casos de boas práticas e algumas ferramentas e manuais da Web 2.0, que visam tornar a presença das bibliotecas universitárias na Internet, mais colaborativa antevendo uma oportunidade de desenvolvimento e melhoria de forma a ampliar a sua participação ativa na Sociedade da Informação.

Interacció humana amb Ordinadors : estudi de tècniques d'avaluació de la usabilitat deweblogs

Estudi de les tècniques d'avaluació de la usabilitat dels weblogs, en concret del que desprès de fer la recerca d'informació pertinent, hem triat: Wordpress.

Desenvolupament d’un blog per al Centre Cívic de Vidreres: Una eina útil per a l’acció d’orientació i informació del psicopedagog

Descripció de les pràctiques realitzades a l’Escola d’adults de Vidreres, en què es crea un blog com a eina de recollida i actualització de les activitats i informació del Centre cívic del poble, i també on s’hi recullen les eines que utilitza el psicopedagog per ajudar als alumnes de l’Escola d’adults

Els Blocs com a eina per fomentar la inclusió social de les persones amb discapacitat intel·lectual: l’experiència del bloc “Mogudes de Tresc”

La inclusió social de les persones amb discapacitat és avui encara un tema pendent, ja que les activitats socials i interpersonals en el col·lectiu són escasses. Diversos estudis demostren que, malgrat es potencia la inserció laboral de les persones amb discapacitat en entorns ordinaris, no es donen millores substancials en altres qüestions relatives a la seva inclusió social

Firma digital en WordPress

Este proyecto consiste en el desarrollo de un complemento para el software de creación y gestión de bitácoras («weblogs») WordPress, cuyo objetivo será proporcionar a los usuarios del sitio la firma digital del contenido publicado en él (como por ejemplo comentarios o entradas en el diario) mediante certificados X.509.

Blogit median työvälineenä

Opinnäytetyöni käsittelee blogeja median työvälineenä. Tarkoituksenani oli tutkia, miten media voi hyödyntää blogeja eli verkkopäiväkirjoja työssään. Pohdin myös, miten blogit ja internet haastavat ja muuttavat perinteistä mediaa. Työni on kirjallinen työ. Työni alussa esittelen blogit ja niiden historian lyhyesti. Blogien ja median suhdetta käsittelevä osa jakaantuu kolmeen osioon: media blogien käyttäjänä, media blogien tuottajana sekä blogien vaikutus mediaan. Aihepiiri on laaja, mutta blogikulttuuria ymmärtääkseen on tärkeää ymmärtää kokonaisuus. Työssäni huomasin, että blogeissa piilee valtavasti potentiaalia, myös median näkökulmasta, mutta Suomessa tuota potentiaalia ei tunnuta oikein ymmärtävän. Maailmalla, erityisesti USA:ssa blogeilla on jo pitkään ollut merkittävä asema ja vaikutusvaltaa yhteiskunnallisessa keskustelussa. Blogit ovat loputon tiedonlähde, ja niiden avulla löytää tietoa aiheesta kuin aiheesta. Ne myös mahdollistavat aivan uudenlaisen vuorovaikutuksen sekä yleisön että yhteistyötahojen kanssa. Median itsensä tuottamat blogit taas vapauttavat perinteisestä objektiivisuuden vaatimuksesta ja tarjoavat mahdollisuuden tuoda uusia näkökulmia uutisaiheisiin. Blogit myös haastavat perinteistä mediaa olemalla kaikille avoin julkaisukanava. Resurssiensa, kontaktiensa ja ammattitaitonsa ansiosta median ei tarvitse pelätä olemassaolonsa puolesta, mutta verkkomaailma kyllä vaikuttaa radikaalisti journalismin ja tiedonvälityksen periaatteisiin. Antoisinta on, jos media hyväksyy tilanteen ja ottaa haasteen vastaan.

Blocs a la biblioteca penitenciària: un taller de dinamització cultural

Es descriu el taller de promoció cultural que encoratja un grup d'interns a crear i publicar blocs, i que es va iniciar l'estiu de 2006 al Centre Penitenciari de Joves de Barcelona, com una col·laboració entre el punt Òmnia i la biblioteca del centre i la Facultat de Biblioteconomia i Documentació de la Universitat de Barcelona. Els objectius han estat promoure l¿educació dels reclusos i millorar-ne el nivell d'informació, animar-los a llegir i escriure més, despertar o potenciar les pròpies habilitats tecnològiques, i ampliar el contacte que tenen amb el món exterior. Es presenten les biblioteques de presó com un agent de suport al desenvolupament intel·lectual, social i cultural dels interns, que pot ajudar-los en el camí de la superació personal. Es fa una valoració crítica de la resposta dels reclusos; l'experiència es considera positiva. I es fa una reflexió doble: sobre el fet que Internet dins la presó és un dret exigible que pot afavorir la integració social i laboral dels interns, i sobre certes necessitats de la biblioteca de presó, entesa com un instrument que influeix en aquesta futura integració.

iMente, servicios de información de actualidad en línea

iMente es un servicio de información de prensa digital realizado en España, que da acceso a los contenidos de publicaciones en línea que incluyen medios de comunicación, notas de prensa, weblogs y boletines oficiales. Se sitúa en el contexto de los productos de información periodística; se describen sus orígenes, evolución, tecnología, contenidos y tipos de usuarios; y se analizan sus principales prestaciones documentales, como seguimientos de prensa, alertas, búsquedas y publicación de titulares.

Bitàcoles i sindicació de continguts: dues eines per difondre informació

The article describes blogs and content syndication as tools for disseminating information in libraries and other information centres, as well as in educational and research environments. The authors begin by defining each of these tools, followed by a review of their history and a discussion of how they have been used. Finally, possible applications are suggested for library environments and research spaces, while offering considerations about what activities the library community might carry out in order to convert these tools into an effective means of communication

Bitácoras y sindicación de contenidos: dos herramientas para difundir información

The article describes blogs and content syndication as tools for disseminating information in libraries and other information centres, as well as in educational and research environments. The authors begin by defining each of these tools, followed by a review of their history and a discussion of how they have been used. Finally, possible applications are suggested for library environments and research spaces, while offering considerations about what activities the library community might carry out in order to convert these tools into an effective means of communication

Adolescentes y fotoblogs: la construcción de la identidad mediante el juego

Internet ha supuesto un nuevo paradigma en las relaciones interpersonales, especialmente entre los más jóvenes. En este artículo analizamos la interacción de dos agentes en el fenómeno de la comunicación, los adolescentes y los fotoblogs, con una perspectiva teórico-especulativa. El fotoblog es una herramienta virtual que los jóvenes de trece a dieciséis años, aproximadamente, han adaptado a sus necesidades para expresar sus ideas, sentimientos o fantasías. Creemos que, en este entorno, los sujetos pueden comunicarse en un espacio donde exploran su yo interior a partir de las representaciones, signos y símbolos que se muestran en la interfaz. En la actualidad, el adolescente vive en un contexto eminentemente visual y, así pues, no es de extrañar que sus acciones y formas comunicativas se centren en «lo visual», donde lo lineal y previsible deja paso a la rapidez, la retroalimentación y la continuidad. Las formalizaciones que se muestran en la interfaz son códigos propios que los jóvenes han creado para mostrar características identitarias mediante la imagen. Por tanto, mantenemos que para el adolescente el fotoblog no sólo es un medio, sino también un ambiente en el que puede crear signos de identidad por medio de las conversaciones virtuales que establece con sus pares en un entorno lúdico y desinhibido, donde juega con la imagen en un proceso de socialización.

Vladimir ha dit... Identitat, xarxes socials i ciberperdiodisme en els blocs. Una construcció de la intersubjectivitat dins la nova Internet

DEA (tesina) que analitza quin és el paper que juguen els blocs dintre de la Web 2.0, articulant-se al voltant de tres eixos: la creació de la identitat virtual, les xarxes socials generades a través de la blocosfera i les implicacions econòmiques i socials que se'n deriven. La pregunta central és de quina manera, si ho fan, els blocs contribueixen a modificar fòrmules de lectura i participació tant d'àmbit personal com públic en les agendes informatives. I si aquesta participació genera canvis significatius a nivell econòmic i psicosocial.

Which Legal Standards Should Apply To Web-logs? The present legal position of Internet journals in the European iuris prudence in the light of the European Parliament Committee’s on Culture and Education report and Polish Supreme Court decision

The article discusses the present status of weblogs and examines whether legal standards applicable to traditional press and media should be applied to that specific forum. The analysis is based on two key documents: the Draft Report on the concentration and pluralism in the media in European Union (2007/2253(INI)) of the European Parliament Committee on Culture and Education presented in March 2008 and a landmark decision of the Polish Supreme Court from July 26, 2007 (IV KK 174/07) in the light of present judicial tendency in other European countries. The first of the mentioned documents calls for the “clarification of the legal status of different categories of weblog authors and publishers as well as disclosure of interests and voluntary labelling of weblogs”. It emphasizes that the “undetermined and unindicated status of authors and publishers of weblogs causes uncertainties regarding impartiality, reliability, source protection, applicability of ethical codes and the assignment of liability in the event of lawsuits”. The position of the European Parliament, expressed in the document, raises serious questions on the limits of freedom of thought and speech on the Internet and on the degree of acceptable state control. A recent Polish Supreme Court decision, which caused quite a stir in the Polish Internet community, seems to head in the very direction recommended by the EP Culture Committee. In a case of two editors of a web journal (“czasopismo internetowe”) called “Szyciepoprzemysku”, available on-line, accused of publishing a journal without the proper registration, the Polish Supreme Court stated that “journals and periodicals do not lose the character of a press release due solely to the fact that they appear in the form of an  Internet transmission”, and that ‘’the publishing of press in an electronic form, available on the Internet, requires  registration”. The decision was most surprising, as prior lower courts decisions declined the possibility to register Internet periodicals. The accused were acquitted in the name of the constitutional principle of the rule of law (art. 7 of the Polish Constitution) and the ensuing obligation to protect the trust of a citizen to the state (a conviction in this case would break the collateral estoppel rule), however the decision quickly awoke media frenzy and raised the fear of a need to register all websites that were regularly updated. The spokesman of the Polish Supreme Court later explained that the sentence of the Court was not intended to cause a mass registration of all Internet “periodicals” and that neither weblogs nor Internet sites, that were regularly updated, needed registration. Such an interpretation of the Polish press law did not appear clear based only on the original text of the judgment and the decision as such still raises serious practical questions. The article aims to examine the status of Internet logs as press and seeks the compromise between the concerns expressed by European authorities and the freedom of thought and speech exercised on the Internet.

3000 / futuristische Phantasmen und aktuelle Fantasien der Technokultur

Die Kernthese dieser Arbeit ist eine Leerstelle. Ihre Formulierung beruht auf einer Beobachtung, wie sie von William Gibson stammen könnte: kulturell avantgardistische Gruppen der Gesellschaft internalisieren für ihre technologisch gestützten Praktiken futuristische Phantasmen geschichtlicher Vorläufer, die in Literatur und Mediengeschichte detektivisch aufspürbar sind. Werden diese Verinnerlichungen in aktuelle Fantasien umgewandelt, entsteht eine hybride Mischung vielfältigster Beschäftigungen, Reflexionen und Entwürfe von Technokultur. Bringt man diese Kopplungen auf das Jahr 3000, die nächste epochale zukünftige Zäsur, wird die Absurdität des Projekts, Technokultur überhaupt zu thematisieren deutlich. Technokultur ist im dynamischen Wandel sozio-ikonografisch untersuchbar, wird aber durch Unschärferelation zum object trouvé und Triebmoment für eine in es selbst hinein assimilierbare Analyse. Der daraus folgenden Vermessenheit kann durch instrumentelle Serendipity begegnet werden, die hier nicht Effekt wäre, stattdessen als Methode Verwendung findet: Finden statt Suchen. Das verhältnismäßig neue Schreib/Lese-Medium Hypertext bietet sich dafür als geradezu prädestiniert an. Hypertext ist prinzipiell unabgeschlossen, er folgt hier Arbeitsprinzipien wie sie seit den frühen 1990ern in Online-Tagebüchern und seit den frühen 2000er Jahren in Weblogs (World Wide Web Logbooks) auszumachen sind: Notizen, Found Text (analog zu Found Footage), Zitate, Fragmente, die kurze Form, kurz: wissenschaftliche Alltagstextproduktion wird nach Ordnungskriterien a-systematisiert und verwoben - weniger archiviert denn gesammelt. Eine Art Second Hand Theorie entsteht.

A User-Centric Perspective on Parallel Programming with Focus on OpenMP

The process of developing software that takes advantage of multiple processors is commonly referred to as parallel programming. For various reasons, this process is much harder than the sequential case. For decades, parallel programming has been a problem for a small niche only: engineers working on parallelizing mostly numerical applications in High Performance Computing. This has changed with the advent of multi-core processors in mainstream computer architectures. Parallel programming in our days becomes a problem for a much larger group of developers. The main objective of this thesis was to find ways to make parallel programming easier for them. Different aims were identified in order to reach the objective: research the state of the art of parallel programming today, improve the education of software developers about the topic, and provide programmers with powerful abstractions to make their work easier. To reach these aims, several key steps were taken. To start with, a survey was conducted among parallel programmers to find out about the state of the art. More than 250 people participated, yielding results about the parallel programming systems and languages in use, as well as about common problems with these systems. Furthermore, a study was conducted in university classes on parallel programming. It resulted in a list of frequently made mistakes that were analyzed and used to create a programmers' checklist to avoid them in the future. For programmers' education, an online resource was setup to collect experiences and knowledge in the field of parallel programming - called the Parawiki. Another key step in this direction was the creation of the Thinking Parallel weblog, where more than 50.000 readers to date have read essays on the topic. For the third aim (powerful abstractions), it was decided to concentrate on one parallel programming system: OpenMP. Its ease of use and high level of abstraction were the most important reasons for this decision. Two different research directions were pursued. The first one resulted in a parallel library called AthenaMP. It contains so-called generic components, derived from design patterns for parallel programming. These include functionality to enhance the locks provided by OpenMP, to perform operations on large amounts of data (data-parallel programming), and to enable the implementation of irregular algorithms using task pools. AthenaMP itself serves a triple role: the components are well-documented and can be used directly in programs, it enables developers to study the source code and learn from it, and it is possible for compiler writers to use it as a testing ground for their OpenMP compilers. The second research direction was targeted at changing the OpenMP specification to make the system more powerful. The main contributions here were a proposal to enable thread-cancellation and a proposal to avoid busy waiting. Both were implemented in a research compiler, shown to be useful in example applications, and proposed to the OpenMP Language Committee.