Critique praxéologique d’une exposition sur le « vrai » visage de Jésus : un essai de théologie trash

Ce mémoire s'inscrit dans la méthode de praxéologie pastorale. Il analyse en qua-tre temps la mise en œuvre d'une exposition picturale qui oppose une figure alié-nante (conventionnelle et doucereuse) de Jésus à une vision trash (c'est à dire sub-versive et provocante) qui se veut plus fidèle à l'évangile. Le premier temps (ob-servation), qui présente le premier projet d'exposition ainsi que ses sources d'inspi-ration (personnelle, culturelle et artistique), amène à cerner deux problématique : la question de la vérité et l'orientation subversive (trash) du Jésus des évangiles. Le deuxième temps (interprétation) creuse tout d'abord la question de la vérité avec Hans Georg Gadamer, ce qui pousse à dépasser l'affirmation violente de la vérité du premier projet d'exposition pour le réorienter dans une perspective de questionnement. Par ailleurs, un modèle de dynamique trash permet de fonder la figure subversive et provocante de Jésus dans une relecture des évangiles, d’où un troisième temps (intervention) : l’amendement du premier projet d'exposition. En guise de conclusion, le quatrième temps (prospective) exporte des pointes de ré-flexion au-delà de l'interprétation concrète, à savoir au plan des questions de l'art et du public, du deuil de la vérité, de la dynamique trash et de la foi.

De la poétique à la critique : l’influence péripatéticienne chez Aristarque

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l'Université Paris IV-Sorbonne

Problemas y consecuencias del resurgir del pragmatismo norteamericano: 1952-1976

Revisión crítica de la ‘versión heredada’ sobre el resurgir del pragmatismo norteamericano. Aquí sostengo que ésta es una narrativa sobre la historia de la filosofía que puede ser usada para “reivindicar” la continuidad o para “añorar” la pérdida de esa tradición. Presento tres argumentos a favor de mi tesis sobre la versión heredada: i) es insuficiente para explicar el surgimiento del pragmatismo; ii) es un tipo de narrativa que hace plausible una imagen de la filosofía; iii) impide apreciar que la formación del canon obedece a los propósitos de los seguidores del movimiento.

A comunicação da equipe de enfermagem com o paciente em cuidados paliativos

The article consists of a contextualized reflection on the communication in palliative care with the purpose of explaining strategies used for effective communication among the nursing, terminally ill and his family. In that sense, it was observed that for the nurse to assist the terminally ill is a difficult task, which raises sensation of sadness, frustration, impotence and even failure in the rendered attendance. This way, many professionals use denial, escaping, and the apparent coldness as defense mechanisms to cope with situation. Throughout this discussion are exposed some aspects that enable developing empathic communication skills, perceived as a task that requires nursing staff a shift in focus and attitude. Apart from careful listening, truthfulness, good humor and therapeutic touch, forming strategies for effective communication in the terminally ill life.

'Doctor, Doctor...' entrepreneurial diagnosis and market making

Doctor-patient jokes are universally popular because of the information asymmetries within the diagnostic relationship. We contend that entrepreneurial diagnosis is present in markets where consumers are unable to diagnose their own problems and, instead, may rely on the entrepreneur to diagnose them. Entrepreneurial diagnosis is a cognitive skill possessed by the entrepreneur. It is an identifiable subset of entrepreneurial judgment and can be modeled – which we attempt to do. In order to overcome the information asymmetries and exploit opportunities, we suggest that entrepreneurs must invest in market making innovations (as distinct from product innovations) such as trustworthy reputations. The diagnostic entrepreneur described in this paper represents a creative response to difficult diagnostic problems and helps to explain the success of many firms whose products are not particularly innovative but which are perceived as offering high standards of service. These firms are trusted not only for their truthfulness about the quality of their product, but for their honesty, confidentiality and understanding in helping customers identify the most appropriate product to their needs.

Common agency with informed principals

We analyze a common agency game under asymmetric information on the preferences of the non-cooperating principals in a public good context. Asymmetric information introduces incentive compatibility constraints which rationalize the requirement of truthfulness made in the earlier literature on common agency games under complete information. There exists a large class of differentiable equilibria which are ex post inefficient and exhibit free-riding. We then characterize some interim efficient equilibria. Finally, there exists also a unique equilibrium allocation which is robust to random perturbations. This focal equilibrium is characterized for any distribution of types.

Common agency with informed principals

We analyze a common agency game under asymmetric information on the preferences of the non-cooperating principals. Asymmetric information introduces incentive compatibility constraints which rationalize the requirement of truthfulness made in the earlier literature on common agency games under complete information. There exists a large class of differentiable equilibria which are ex post inefficient and exhibit free-riding. We then characterize some interim efficient equilibria. Finally, there exists also a unique equilibrium allocation which is robust to random perturbations. This focal equilibrium is characterized for any distribution of types.

Do insurance defrauders want to be punished?

We analyze a Principal-Agent model of an insurer who faces an adverse selection problem. He is unable to observe if his client has a high risk or a low risk of having an accident. At the underwriting of the contract, the insurer requests the client to declare his risk. After that, the former can costly audit the truthfulness of this announcement. If the audit confirms a false declaration, the insurer is legally allowed to punish the defrauder. We characterize the efRcient contracts when this punishment is bounded from above by a legal restriction. Then, we do some comparative statics on the efRcient contracts and on the agent's utility. The most important result of this paper concerns the legal limit to a defrauder's punishment. We prove that there exists a uni que value of this legal limit that maximizes the expected utility of a high risk type. Facing this particular value of the legal limit to a defrauder's punishment, the insurer will effectively audit a low risk reporto We also show that this particular value increases with the probability of facing a high risk policyholder. Therefore, when this probability is sufRciently high, the nullity of the contract is not enough. From the point of view of a potential defrauder, the law should allow harder sanctions. This is an striking result because the nullity of the contract is a common sanction for this kind of fraud in the USA and in some European countries.

A dança e o ventre: aparência corporal na contemporaneidade

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento de um sistema bidimensional de monitoração da saída de nadadores

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A credibilidade do testemunho da criança vítima de abuso sexual no contexto judiciário

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Forensische Psychophysiologie

Dieses Experiment untersuchte die Effekte der unterschiedlichen Fragen- bzw. Itemtypen (Stimuli), des Wahrheitsgehalts der Antworten und der elektrodermalen Labilität auf die Hautleitfähigkeitsreaktionen (SCR) und die phasische Herzschlagfrequenz (HR) für zwei relativ neue Befragungstechniken der forensischen Psychophysiologie ('Lügendetektion'): Directed Lie Test (DLT) und Guilty Actions Test (GAT).Achtzig Männer begingen einen simulierten Schmuckdiebstahl. Jeweils die Hälfte entwendete entweder einen Ring oder eine Kette. Während dieser Tat wurden jedoch alle Probanden mit den kritischen Details beider Scheinverbrechen konfrontiert. Anschließend absolvierten sie entweder einen DLT oder einen GAT. Die relevanten Stimuli der Tests bezogen sich auf beide Scheinverbrechen und wurden - intraindividuell variiert - wahrheitswidrig und wahrheitsgemäß verneint. Darüber hinaus umfaßte der DLT inhaltlich parallelisierte Paare von Kontrollfragen. Die Probanden wurden instruiert, die jeweiligen Kontrollfragen eines Paars wahrheitswidrig versus wahrheitsgemäß zu verneinen. Die Testverfahren beinhalteten außerdem nicht tatbezogene, irrelevante Stimuli, die wahrheitsgemäß beantwortet wurden. Für beide Befragungstechniken fand man Reaktionsunterschiede zwischen den Stimulustypen, insbesondere stärkere SCR-Magnituden und eine niedrigere HR auf die wahrheitswidrig verneinten relevanten Stimuli. Bei den Kontrollfragen des DLT zeigten sich jedoch keine signifikanten Effekte des Wahrheitsgehalts. Die elektrodermale Labilität hatte keinen bedeutsamen Einfluß auf die Reaktionsunterschiede. Die Ergebnisse wurden vor allem anhand psychophysiologischer Theorien der Aufmerksamkeit, Konflikte und Informationsverarbeitung interpretiert.

Weak Senses as a Type of Semantic Information

'Weak senses' are a specific type of semantic information as opposed to assertions and presuppositions. The universal trait of weak senses is that they assume 'if' modality in negative contexts. In addition they exhibit several other diagnostic properties, e.g. they fill at least one of their valency places with a semantic element sensitive to negation (i.e. with an assertion or other weak sense), they normally do not fall within the scope of functors, do not play any role in causal relations, and resist intensification. As weak senses are widespread in lexical, grammatical and referential semantics, this notion holds the clue to phenomena as diverse as the oppositions little - a little, few - a few, edva ('hardly') - cut' ('slightly), where a little, a few, cut, convey 'weakly' approximately what little, few, and edva do in an assertive way, the semantics of the Russian perfect aspect, and the formation rules for conjunction strings. Zeldovich outlines a typology of weak senses, the main distinction being between weak senses unilaterally dependent upon the truthfulness of what they saturate their valency with, and weak senses exerting their own influence on the main situation. The latter, called, non-trivial, are instantiated by existential quantifiers involved in the semantics of indefinite pronouns, iterative verbs, etc.

Clio may be seen and listened. Movies as source and resource on history

El cine como fuente historiográfica es utilizado a partir de la "batalla" que dio Marc Ferro hacia el interior de Annales. Cuando era difícil que se aceptaran otras fuentes que no fueran las gráficas, este historiador logró abrirse camino hasta llegar a ser el director de Annales en los años '70. El discurso de la imagen o el discurso audiovisual representa con mayor verosimilitud lo que el discurso gráfico no alcanza a expresar. Sin embargo, la sinécdoque y la generalización se encuentran a mitad de camino en un juego representativo para complementarse a la hora de comprender y reconstruir el pasado. El aporte del cine puede tomarse como reflejo o representación social y también como una alternativa discursiva. En este sentido, Rosenstone con el apoyo de Hayden White y su análisis de la "historiofotía" son los que incursionan en esta nueva dimensión, esto es la narración audiovisual de la historia

The influence of transparency on self-evaluation as part of the university accreditation process in Peru.

In order to show the choice of transparency as the guiding principle of the accreditation process, the article evaluates its influence on the fundamental subprocess of self-evaluation, thereby confirming that transparency is an essential tool for continuous improvement of academic processes and those of educational quality management. It fosters educational innovation and permits the sustainability of the continuous accreditation process over time, resulting in greater probabilities of university self-regulation through systemization of the process, with the objective of continuous improvement of university degree programs. The article analyzes the influence of transparency on each activity of the self-evaluation process according to the Peruvian accreditation model prepared under the total quality approach, as a reference for other accreditation models, proposing concrete transparency actions and evaluating its influence on the stakeholder groups in the self-evaluation process, as well as on the efficiency and effectiveness of the process. It is concluded that transparency has a positive influence on the training of human capital and the formation of the university?s organizational culture, facilitating dissemination, understanding and involvement of the stakeholder groups in the continuous improvement of accreditation activities and increasing their acceptance of change and commitment to the process. It is confirmed that transparency contributes toward increasing the efficiency index of the self-evaluation process by reducing operating costs through adequate, accessible, timely contribution of information by the stakeholders and through the optimization of the time spent gathering relevant information. In addition, it is concluded that transparency contributes toward increasing the effectiveness index of self-evaluation by facilitating the achievement of its objectives through synthetic, useful, reliable interpretation of the education situation and the formulation of feasible improvement plans based on the adequacy, relevance, visibility, pertinence and truthfulness of the information analyzed.