Automatisierte Hardware-Software Partitionierung am Beispiel eines eingebetteten, echtzeitfähigen Stereobildanalysesystems in Kraftfahrzeugen

Hardware-Software Co-Design, Simulated Annealing, Real-Time Image Processing, Automated Hardware-Software Partitioning

Early functional differentiation in the chick embryonic disc: interaction between mechanical activity and extracellular matrix

The mechanical behaviour of ectodermal cells in the area opaca and the supracellular organization of fibronectin in the adjacent extracellular matrix were studied in whole chick blastoderms developing in vitro. The pattern of spontaneous mechanical activity and its modification by immunoglobulins against fibronectin were determined using a real-time image-analysis system. The pattern of fibronectin was studied using immunocytochemical techniques. It was found that the ectodermal cells in the area opaca actively develop a radially oriented contraction, which leads to a distension of the area pellucida from which the embryo develops. Abnormally increased tension resulted in perturbations of gastrulation and neurulation. An optimized mechanical equilibrium within the blastoderm seems to be necessary for normal development. Anti-fibronectin antibodies applied to the basal side of the blastoderm led rapidly and reversibly to an increase of tension in the contracted cells. This observation indicates that modifications of the extracellular matrix can be transmitted to cytoskeletal elements within adjacent cells. The extracellular matrix of the area opaca contains fibronectin arranged in radially oriented fibrils. This orientation corresponds to the direction of migration of the mesodermal cells. Interestingly, the radial pattern of fibronectin is found in the regions where the ectodermal cells are contracted and develop radially oriented forces. This observation suggests that the supracellular assembly of the extracellular materials could be influenced by the mechanical activity of adjacent cells. Possible modulations of the supracellular organization of extracellular matrix by other factors, e.g. diffusible metabolites, is also discussed. The presence of characteristically organized extracellular matrix components, of spatially differentiated cell activities and of reciprocal interactions between them makes the young chick blastoderm an excellent system for physiological studies of the coordinated cellular activities that lead to changes in form, complexity and function.

Feedback control of unstable cellular solidification fronts

We present a feedback control scheme to stabilize unstable cellular patterns during the directional solidification of a binary alloy. The scheme is based on local heating of cell tips which protrude ahead of the mean position of all tips in the array. The feasibility of this scheme is demonstrated using phase-field simulations and, experimentally, using a real-time image processing algorithm, to track cell tips, coupled with a movable laser spot array device to heat the tips locally. We demonstrate, both numerically and experimentally, that spacings well below the threshold for a period-doubling instability can be stabilized. As predicted by the numerical calculations, cellular arrays become stable with uniform spacing through the feedback control which is maintained with minimal heating.

The ambivalent identity of Wong Kar-wai's cinema

Ayant réalisé neuf longs-métrages entre 1988 et 2007, aussi que plusieurs campagnes publicitaires, vidéo-clips, courts-métrages et projets collectifs, Wong Kar-wai est un des réalisateurs contemporains les plus importants actuellement. Issu de l'industrie cinématographique fortement commerciale de Hong Kong, Wong est parvenu à attirer l'attention du circuit international des festivals de cinéma avec son style visuel unique et son récit fragmenté. Considéré par plusieurs critiques comme le poète de la recherche d’identité de Hong Kong après 1997, Wong Kar-wai défie toutes les tentatives de catégorisation. L’étude qui se poursuivit ici a donc pour objet essentiel de fournir une analyse attentive et complète de son oeuvre, tout en se concentrant sur les traits stylistiques qui donnent à ses films une unité. Ces caractéristiques correspondent à une certaine façon de raconter des histoires, de composer des personnages et des récits, de manipuler le temps et d'utiliser des ressources techniques de sorte que ses films offrent une identité cohérente. L'objectif est d'analyser les différents composants de ses images pour découvrir comment ses films communiquent les uns avec les autres afin de créer une identité unique. Pour atteindre cet objectif, je pose comme hypothèse de travail que le cinéma de Wong est marqué par une structure dualiste qui permet à ses films de présenter des qualités contradictoires simultanément. La plupart de mes arguments se concentrent sur le travail du philosophe français Gilles Deleuze, qui a proposé une théorie du cinéma divisé entre l’image-mouvement et l’image-temps. Je considère que sa théorie fournit un cadre valide sur lequel les films de Wong peuvent être projetés. Tandis que ma recherche se concentre sur l’interprétation textuelle des films, je profiterais également d’une analyse comparative.

De l'espace narratif au dehors : deux histoires théoriques du hors-champ

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Fabrication and Characterization of Dye Sensitized Polymer Films for Holographic Applications

Holographic technology is at the dawn of quick evolution in various new areas including holographic data storage, holographic optical elements, artificial intelligence, optical interconnects, optical correlators, commerce, medical practice, holographic weapon sight, night vision goggles and games etc. One of the major obstacles for the success of holographic technology to a large extent is the lack of suitable recording medium. Compared with other holographic materials such as dichromated gelatin and silver halide emulsions, photopolymers have the great advantage of recording and reading holograms in real time and the spectral sensitivity could be easily shifted to the type of recording laser used by simply changing the sensitizing dye. Also these materials possess characteristics such as good light sensitivity, real time image development, large dynamic range, good optical properties, format flexibility, and low cost. This thesis describes the attempts made to fabricate highly economic photopolymer films for various holographic applications. In the present work, Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) are selected as the host polymer matrices and methylene blue (MB) is used as the photosensitizing dye. The films were fabricated using gravity settling method. No chemical treatment or pre/post exposures were applied to the films. As the outcome of the work, photopolymer films with more than 70% efficiency, a permanent recording material which required no fixing process, a reusable recording material etc. were fabricated.

Improved two-pass hexagonal algorithm with parallel implementation for video coding - art. no. 60630J

This paper presents an improved parallel Two-Pass Hexagonal (TPA) algorithm constituted by Linear Hashtable Motion Estimation Algorithm (LHMEA) and Hexagonal Search (HEXBS) for motion estimation. Motion Vectors (MV) are generated from the first-pass LHMEA and used as predictors for second-pass HEXBS motion estimation, which only searches a small number of Macroblocks (MBs). We used bashtable into video processing and completed parallel implementation. The hashtable structure of LHMEA is improved compared to the original TPA and LHMEA. We propose and evaluate parallel implementations of the LHMEA of TPA on clusters of workstations for real time video compression. The implementation contains spatial and temporal approaches. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by using standard video sequences and the results are compared to current algorithms.

Design of associative memories using cellular neural networks

Cellular neural networks (CNNs) have locally connected neurons. This characteristic makes CNNs adequate for hardware implementation and, consequently, for their employment on a variety of applications as real-time image processing and construction of efficient associative memories. Adjustments of CNN parameters is a complex problem involved in the configuration of CNN for associative memories. This paper reviews methods of associative memory design based on CNNs, and provides comparative performance analysis of these approaches.

Automatic camera control in virtual environments augmented using multiple sparse videos

Automated virtual camera control has been widely used in animation and interactive virtual environments. We have developed a multiple sparse camera based free view video system prototype that allows users to control the position and orientation of a virtual camera, enabling the observation of a real scene in three dimensions (3D) from any desired viewpoint. Automatic camera control can be activated to follow selected objects by the user. Our method combines a simple geometric model of the scene composed of planes (virtual environment), augmented with visual information from the cameras and pre-computed tracking information of moving targets to generate novel perspective corrected 3D views of the virtual camera and moving objects. To achieve real-time rendering performance, view-dependent textured mapped billboards are used to render the moving objects at their correct locations and foreground masks are used to remove the moving objects from the projected video streams. The current prototype runs on a PC with a common graphics card and can generate virtual 2D views from three cameras of resolution 768 x 576 with several moving objects at about 11 fps. (C)2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A construção da imagem em O Espelho in Primeira estórias de João Guimarães Rosa e em Las meninas de Pablo Picasso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Silenciosas narrativas em imagem-tempo: João Gilberto Noll, esvaziamento discursivo e cinema moderno

Este trabalho consiste num exercício de leitura da narrativa literária do escritor brasileiro João Gilberto Noll, promovendo uma aproximação de sua obra ao conceito de imagem-tempo, do filósofo Gilles Deleuze, no tocante a aspectos narrativos e à tendência ao esvaziamento discursivo, ao silêncio, enquanto elemento significativo na produção artística e tendência na arte moderna. O conceito imagem-tempo foi engendrado pelo filósofo francês para pensar o cinema moderno, que se perfaz num regime de imagens que rompe com a narratividade clássica, com a percepção baseada no esquema sensório-motor. Neste trabalho, no entanto, o conceito é pensado em relação à obra literária de João Gilberto Noll, que guarda forte relação com o cinema moderno e se nos apresenta em fragmentada tessitura imagética, tendendo ao esvaziamento discursivo. Assim, tendo como ponto de reflexão a obra de Noll, buscamos discutir como a imagem-tempo e o silêncio compõem a obra do escritor. Após apresentação e discussão do conceito de imagem-tempo e de silêncio, procedemos a uma leitura de pontos significativos da obra ficcional de Noll, ensaiando uma relação entre cinema, literatura e outras artes no que concerne basicamente à produção de imagens numa determinada forma narrativa, bem como às implicações dessas formas para o pensamento. Por uma questão de economia estratégica, para a formação de um recorte de expressão significativa da produção do escritor, suas obras diretamente consideradas neste trabalho são Hotel Atlântico (1989) e O quieto animal da esquina (1991). Pretende-se com essa relação (1) propor alguns caminhos interpretativos para a obra de Noll e (2) investigar como a produção narrativa moderna, sobretudo a que se aproxima do conceito de imagem-tempo, constituída de forte apelo visual, que se perfaz na produção de imagens ambíguas, de narrativas descontínuas, de protagonistas errantes, tende a esse esvaziamento discursivo, ao silêncio.

Modelamento e correção de descentralização das imagens de tempo de trânsito

As imagens da parede do poço obtidas através da ferramenta UBI (Ultrasonic Borehole Imager) são amplamente utilizadas por geólogos e engenheiros de petróleo para identificar eventos geológicos nas paredes de poços abertos e na inspeção dos tubos de revestimento, uma vez que este perfil praticamente fornece uma fotografia da parede do poço. As ferramentas de imageamento acústico produzem imagens do tempo de trânsito e da amplitude do pulso acústico gerado pela ferramenta e refletido na parede do poço. Entretanto, estas imagens podem ter uma interpretação não realista, uma vez que elas podem ter seu aspecto alterado em razão do movimento da ferramenta no interior do poço. Este trabalho apresenta o modelamento das imagens de tempo de trânsito a partir da aplicação do critério de Coulomb para a ruptura da parede do poço submetida a um estado plano de tensões, a qual fornecerá a seção do poço, que é a forma geométrica que será traçada pela ferramenta de imageamento acústico do poço. O deslocamento ascensional da ferramenta e as imperfeições da parede do poço, normalmente, são os responsáveis pelo deslocamento da posição do transdutor em relação ao eixo do poço. Este efeito pode ter grande responsabilidade nas imperfeições das imagens de tempo de trânsito. Assim, a correção dessas imagens, chamada de correção da descentralização, busca o reposicionamento do transdutor para a posição do eixo do poço. Apresenta-se, também, um método de correção do efeito da descentralização da ferramenta baseado neste modelamento. O método é proposto com base na geometria analítica plana e no método do raio para a definição do tempo de trânsito do pulso acústico, com o objetivo de reconstruir as imagens de tempo de trânsito obtidas com a ferramenta descentralizada, ou seja, corrigir estas imagens tornando-as como se fossem obtidas com a ferramenta centralizada em relação ao eixo do poço.

Do binucleate cardiomyocytes have a role in myocardial repair? Insights using isolated rodent myocytes and cell culture.

Neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes were isolated from rat hearts. Some of the adult myocytes were cultured to allow for cell dedifferentiation, a phenomenon thought to mimic cell changes that occur in stressed myocardium, with myocytes regressing to a fetal pattern of metabolism and stellate neonatal shape.Using fluorescence deconvolution microscopy, cells were probed with fluorescent markers and scanned for a number of proteins associated with ion control, calcium movements and cardiac function. Image analysis of deconvoluted image stacks and sequential real-time image recordings of calcium transients of cells were made.All three myocyte groups were predominantly comprised of binucleate cells. Clustering of proteins to a single nucleus was a common observation, suggesting that one nucleus is active in protein synthesis pathways, while the other nucleus assumes a 'dormant' or different role and that cardiomyocytes might be mitotically active even in late development, or specific protein syntheses could be targeted and regulated for reintroduction into the cell cycle.Such possibilities would extend cardiac disease associated stem cell research and therapy options, while producing valuable insights into developmental and death pathways of binucleate cardiomyocytes (word count 183).

Scalable software architecture for on-line multi-camera video processing

In this paper we present a scalable software architecture for on-line multi-camera video processing, that guarantees a good trade off between computational power, scalability and flexibility. The software system is modular and its main blocks are the Processing Units (PUs), and the Central Unit. The Central Unit works as a supervisor of the running PUs and each PU manages the acquisition phase and the processing phase. Furthermore, an approach to easily parallelize the desired processing application has been presented. In this paper, as case study, we apply the proposed software architecture to a multi-camera system in order to efficiently manage multiple 2D object detection modules in a real-time scenario. System performance has been evaluated under different load conditions such as number of cameras and image sizes. The results show that the software architecture scales well with the number of camera and can easily works with different image formats respecting the real time constraints. Moreover, the parallelization approach can be used in order to speed up the processing tasks with a low level of overhead