Dispersible crystalline nanobundles of YPO4 and Ln (Eu, Tb)-doped YPO4: rapid synthesis, optical properties and bio-probe applications

Undoped and Ln(3+) (Eu and Tb)-doped crystalline nanobundles of YPO4 were prepared by a facile microwave-assisted route with water as a solvent and without using any surfactant. TEM investigations reveal that the as-prepared powder consists of lenticular-shaped nanobundles (similar to 100 nm in diameter) made of very small nanorods with diameter less than 10 nm and length varying from 20 to 50 nm. Each nanorod in turn is single crystalline, as revealed by HRTEM imaging. The as-prepared nanobundles are easily dispersible in various solvents, especially water, without any surface functionalization, which is critical for various bio-probe applications like cell and tissue imaging. The Eu- and Tb-doped YPO4 nanobundles show good photoluminescence properties and were further evaluated for their use as fluorescent biolabels. Our results show that HeLa cells labelled with Eu- and Tb-doped YPO4 nanobundles show bright red (Eu) and green (Tb) intracellular luminescence under a confocal microscope. Concentration-and time-dependent MTT cell viability assays show that the nanobundles show low toxicity towards cells which makes them promising in bioimaging field.

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Tb-Dy-Fe-Co Thin Films

This paper reports the effect of film thickness (50, 200, 400 and 800 nm) on the structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Tb-Dy-Fe-Co alloy thin films. All the films are found to exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) irrespective of the film thickness. The PMA is found to decrease with increase in film thickness due to the decrease in the magnetic texture and anisotropy energy. While the coercivity deduced from the out-of-plane magnetization curve increases with increasing film thickness, the in-plane coercivity exhibits weak thickness dependence. The irreversibility point in the thermo-magnetic curves obtained from field-cooled and zero-field-cooled measurements along the out-of-plane direction is found to shift towards higher temperature compared to the measurements in in-plane directions, indicating the presence of strong PMA.

Cooperative downconversion in GdAl3(BO3)(4): RE3+,Yb3+ (RE=Pr, Tb, and Tm)

An efficient near-infrared (NIR) quantum cutting (QC) in GdAl3(BO3)(4):RE3+,Yb3+ (RE=Pr, Tb, and Tm) phosphors has been demonstrated, which involves the conversion of the visible photon into the NIR emission with an optimal quantum efficiency approaching 200%, by exploring the cooperative downconversion mechanism from RE3+ (RE=Pr, Tb, and Tm) excitons to the two activator ions, Yb3+. The development of NIR QC phosphors could open up a new approach in achieving high efficiency silicon-based solar cells by means of downconversion in the visible part of the solar spectrum to similar to 1000 nm photons with a twofold increase in the photon number. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.

Multicolor luminescence in oxygen-deficient Tb3+;doped calcium aluminogermanate glasses

In this paper, we report on the multicolor luminescence in oxygen-deficient Tb3+-doped calcium aluminogermanate glasses. A simple method was proposed to control oxygen-deficient defects in glasses by adding metal Al instead of the corresponding oxide (Al2O3), resulting in efficient blue and red emissions from Tb3+-undoped glasses with 300 and 380 nm excitation wavelengths, respectively. Moreover, in Tb3+-doped oxygen-deficient glasses, bright three-color (sky-blue, green or yellow, and red) luminescence was observed with 300, 380, and 395 nm excitation wavelengths, respectively. These glasses are useful for the fabrication of white light-emitting diode (LED) lighting.

Custo-efetividade da prova tuberculínica versus QuantiFERON-TB Gold-In-Tube no diagnóstico e tratamento da infecção latente tuberculosa em profissionais de saúde da Atenção Básica no Brasil.

Os profissionais da área da saúde formam um dos grupos mais vulneráveis à infecção pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Segundo estimativas da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), 8,8 milhões de pessoas estavam infectadas pelo Mtb e ocorreram 1,4 milhão de óbitos por tuberculose (TB) em 2010. A identificação de pessoas com Infecção Latente Tuberculosa (ILTB) é considerada pela OMS como uma prioridade no controle da doença, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento em que a incidência da doença ativa tem apresentado redução. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar, no Brasil, o custo-efetividade dos testes Prova Tuberculínica (PT) e Quantiferon TB Gold-In-Tube (QTF-GIT) no diagnóstico e tratamento da ILTB em profissionais de saúde atuantes na atenção básica, sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), comparando cinco estratégias que incluem o QTF-GIT, distintos pontos de corte para a PT e uso sequencial dos dois testes; e analisar o impacto do tabagismo sobre o risco de ILTB entre os profissionais de saúde, destacando-se a categoria da Enfermagem. Foi realizada uma avaliação econômica completa do tipo custo-efetividade, conduzida considerando uma coorte hipotética de 10.000 profissionais de saúde atuantes na atenção básica, com horizonte temporal restrito a um ano. Um modelo analítico de decisão, caracterizado por uma árvore de probabilidades de eventos, foi desenvolvido utilizando o software TreeAge ProTM 2013 para simular os resultados clínicos e impactos econômicos em saúde da nova tecnologia diagnóstica (QTF-GIT) versus a PT tradicional. Esse modelo simulou cinco estratégias diagnósticas para detecção e tratamento da ILTB: (a) PT, usando ponto de corte de 5mm; (b) PT, usando ponto de corte de 10 mm; (c) teste QTF-GIT; (d) PT, com ponto de corte de 5mm, seguida de teste QTF-GIT quando PT positiva; (e) PT, com ponto de corte de 10mm, seguida de teste QTF-GIT quando PT positiva. Foi realizada análise de sensibilidade determinística univariada. Na determinação dos fatores associados à ILTB, foi elaborado um modelo de regressão logística múltipla com seleção hierarquizada, utilizando o software Stata. A estratégia mais custo-efetiva foi a PT no ponto de corte ≥10mm, considerando como medida de desfecho tanto o número de indivíduos corretamente classificados pelos testes assim como o número de casos de TB evitados. A utilização isolada do QTF-GIT revelou-se a estratégia de menor eficiência, com RCEI= R$ 343,24 por profissional corretamente classificado pelo teste. Encontrou-se risco à ILTB significantemente maior para sexo masculino [OR=1,89; IC 95%:1,11-3,20], idade ≥ 41 anos [OR=1,56; IC 95%: 1.09-2,22], contato próximo com familiar com TB [OR=1,55; IC 95%: 1.02-2,36], status do tabagismo fumante [OR=1,75; IC 95%: 1.03-2,98] e categoria profissional da Enfermagem [OR=1,44; IC 95%: 1.02-2,03]. Concluiu-se que a PT no ponto de corte de 10mm é a estratégia diagnóstica mais custo-efetiva para ILTB entre os profissionais de saúde na atenção básica e que a ILTB está associada ao hábito do tabagismo e à categoria profissional de Enfermagem.

Structure and magnetic properties of ScFe6Ga6-type RCo5Ga7 (R = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er)

The structure and magnetic properties of the RCo5Ga7 (R = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) compounds with the ScFe6Ga6-type structure have been studied. The stability of RCo5Ga7 is closely related with the ratio of the metal radii R-RE/R-(Co,R-Ga). With R-RE/R-(Co,R-Ga) less than or equal to 1.36, the compounds can be stabilized in the ScFe6Ga6-type structure. The lattice of RCo5Ga7 shrinks as the atomic order of R increases, and it is consistent with the lanthanide contraction. The structure analysis based on X-ray diffraction patterns reveals that in the orthorhombic RCo5Ga7 (Immm), R occupies the 2a site, and Co enters into the 8k and the 4h sites, and Ga is at the 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h and 8k sites. The interatomic distances and the coordination numbers of RCo5Ga7 are provided from the refinement results. The short interatomic distance (less than 2.480 Angstrom) between the Co ions results in the negative magnetic interaction, which does not favor ferromagnetic ordering. The magnetic moment of YCo5Ga7 is absent, and RCo5Ga7 (R = Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) may have long-range magnetic ordering with the paramagnetic Curie temperature lower than 5 K. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mossbauer spectroscopic study of R3Fe29-xCrx and R3Fe29-xCrxH,(y)(R = Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy)

Fe-57 Mossbauer spectra for the series of R3Fe29-xCrx (R = Y,Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy) compounds and their hydrides have been measured at 4.2 K. The weighted average hyperfine field at the Fe sites was separated into a 3d-electron contribution, proportional to the average Fe moment, and a transferred contribution due to rare earth moments. The latter was found to increase with the rare earth effective spin (g(J) - 1) J. Hyperfine fields in the hydrides were only slightly larger than in the corresponding alloys.

Photoluminescence of ZnO : Tb nanoparticles

Terbium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by hydrolyzing zinc acetate and terbium acetate. Nanoparticle-matrix-facilitated photoluminescence which is related to Tb3+ ions has been observed for ZnO:Tb nanoparticles. The dependence of emission intensity on doping concentration of Tb3+ ions has been investigated. An energy transfer from excited states of ZnO hosts to dopants is disclosed by the fact that the emission intensity of Tb3+ centers increases with increasing Tb content at the expense of emission from defect states in ZnO matrix.

Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopic and magnetic studies of R3Fe29-xVx (R = Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy)

Mossbauer spectra for Fe atoms in the series of R3Fe29-xVx (R = Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, and Dy) compounds were collected at 4.2 K. The ratio of 14.5 T/mu(B) between the average hyperfine field B-hf and the average Fe magnetic moment mu(Fe)(MS), obtained from our data, in Y3Fe29-xVx is in agreement with that deduced from the RxTy alloys by Gubbens et al. The average Fe magnetic moments mu(Fe)(MS) in these compounds at 4.2 K, deduced from our Mossbauer spectroscopic studies, are in accord with the results of magnetization measurement. The average hyperfine field of the Fe sites for R3Fe29-xVx at 4.2 K increases with increasing values of the rare earth effective spin (g(J) - 1) J, which indicates that there exists a transferred spin polarization induced by the neighboring rare earth atom.

Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe-57 in R3Fe29-xTx (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy; T=V and Cr)

Fe-57 Mossbauer spectra for the Fe atoms in the R3Fe29-xTx (R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy; T=V, Cr) compounds were collected at 4.2 K. The analysis of Mossbauer spectra was based on the results of magnetization and neutron powder diffraction measurements. The average Fe magnetic moments at 4.2 K, deduced from our data, are in accord with magnetization measurements. The average hyperfine field of Tb3Fe29-xCrx (x=1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0) decreases with increasing Cr concentration, which is also in accordance with the variation of the average Fe magnetic moment in the Tb3Fe29-xCrx compounds.