A clinico-epidemiological study of bites by spiders of the genus Phoneutria

From January, 1984 to December, 1996, 422 patients (ages 9 m-99 y, median 29 y) were admitted after being bitten by spiders which were brought and identified as Phoneutria spp. Most of the bites occurred at March and April months (29.2%), in the houses (54.5%), during the day (76.5%), and in the limbs (feet 40.9%, hands 34.3%). Upon hospital admission, most patients presented only local complaints, mainly pain (92.1%) and edema (33.1%) and were classified as presenting mild (89.8%), moderate (8.5%) and severe (0.5%) envenomation. Few patients (1.2%) did not present signs of envenomation. Severe accidents were only confirmed in two children (9 m, 3 y). Both developed acute pulmonary edema, and the older died 9 h after the accident. Patients more than 70 year-old had a significantly greater (p<0.05) frequency of moderate envenomations compared to the 10-70-year-old individuals. Proceedings to relief local pain were frequently performed (local anesthesia alone 32.0%, local anesthesia plus analgesics 20.6% and oral analgesics alone 25.1%). Only 2.3% of the patients (two cases classified as severe and eight as moderate, eight of them in children) were treated with i.v. antiarachnid antivenom. No antivenom early reaction was observed. In conclusion, accidents involving the genus Phoneutria are common in the region of Campinas, with the highest risk groups being children under 10 years of age and adults over 70 years of age. Cases of serious envenomation are rare (0.5%).

Hipertiroidismo na Gravidez – um Caso Clinico

Thyroid disease is common in pregnant women.We report a 10 weeks gestation pregnancy with hyperemesis gravidarum, hypertension crisis and hyperthyroidism

Transplant Glomerulopathy: Clinico-Pathologic Features

Transplant glomerulopathy is a sign of chronic kidney allograft damage. It has a distinct morphology and is associated with poor allograft survival. We aimed to assess the prevalence and clinic-pathologic features of transplant glomerulopathy, as well as determine the functional and histological implications of its severity. We performed a single-centre retrospective observational study during an eight-year period. Kidney allograft biopsies were diagnosed and scored according to the Banff classification, coupled with immunofluorescence studies. The epidemiology, clinical presentation, outcomes (patient and graft survival) and anti-HLA alloantibodies were evaluated. Transplant glomerulopathy was diagnosed in 60 kidney transplant biopsies performed for clinical reasons in 49 patients with ABO compatible renal transplant and a negative T-cell complement dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch at transplantation. The estimated prevalence of transplant glomerulopathy was 7.4% and its cumulative prevalence increased over time. C4d staining in peritubular capillaries (27.6%) was lower than the frequency of anti-HLA antibodies (72.5%), the majority against both classes I and II. Transplant glomerulopathy was associated with both acute (mainly glomerulitis and peritubular capillaritis) and chronic histologic abnormalities. At diagnosis, 30% had mild, 23.3% moderate and 46.7% severe transplant glomerulopathy. The severity of transplant glomerulopathy was associated with the severity of interstitial fibrosis. Other histological features, as well as clinical manifestations and graft survival, were unrelated to transplant glomerulopathy severity.

Inquérito clinico-nutricional e antropométrico, em áreas endêmicas de esquistossomose mansônica no nordeste do Brasil

Os autores apresentam, os resultados de um inquérito clínico-nutricional e antropométrico realizado no período 1965 a 1967, em 11.283 indivíduos residentes nas zonas rural e urbana de três Estados do nordeste brasileiro (Alagcas, Rio Grande do Norte e Pernambuco), com o objetivo de estudar o estado nutricional de populações residentes em áreas endêmicas de Esquistossomose mansônica. Chamam a atenção para a freqüência relativamente baixa de manifestações clínicas de doenças carenciais, apesar de tratar-se de região cujos baixos padrões sociais e econômicos são bastante conhecidos, sugerindo que a maioria dos indivíduos deve apresentar deficiência nutricional apenas a nível bioquímico. Dentre os sinais de doença, carencial pesquisados, foram registrados com maior freqüência: estomatite angular, cicatrizes das comissuras labiais, atrofia das papilas linguais, gengivite, dermatite seborreica naso-labial e dermatite pelagrosa. De um modo geral, as manifestações clínicas de doença carencial pareciam incidir com maior freqüência entre os indivíduos parasitados pelo S. mansoni. embora não tenham sido encontrados resultados estatisticamente significativos. Os níveis de hemoglobina, pesquisados apenas em população rural do Estado de Pernambuco (Município de São Lourenço), foram muito baixos, não havendo, contudo, diferença estatisticamente significante entre crianças exibindo manifestações clínicas de carência duplamente parasitadas, e aquelas apenas portadoras de esquistossomose. Estudo antropométrico sumário, realizado no grupo etárío de 1 a 12 anos. e baseado na tomada de pese e altura, não revelou diferença estatisticamente significativa, entre crianças exibindo ou não doença carencial, e/ou ccm e sem Esquistossomose, contrariando achados de outros autores, e para cuja explicação pode ser invocado o pequeno número de formas graves (hepato-esplênicas) encontradas no campo, nesse grupo de idade. Os resultados do presente trabalho, por tratar-se de estudo preliminar, não permitem inferir conclusões definitivas, perém reforçam a suposição do provável papel desempenhado pela desnutrição na evolução da Esquistossomose mansônica, sugerindo a necessidade de continuação desses estudos, para uma melhor compreensão dos aspectos nutricionais das relações hospedeiro-parasito, nessa helmintose.

Sindroma de Swyer-James MacLeod - Aspectos Clinico-Radiológicos a propósito de um Caso Clínico

Descreve-se um caso de Sindroma de Swyer-James MacLeod, após uma introdução em que se definem as principais características desta entidade, com particular relevo para os aspectos radiográficos, se expõem as teorias etiopatogénicas e o quadro clínico habitual. Na discussão do caso clínico realça-se o papel da infecção pelo vírus do sarampo e expõem-se as razões da metodologia utilizada no diagnóstico.

Ensaio clinico com Teclozan: 500mg no tratamento da colite amebiana não disentérica. (Resultados com esquema terapêutico de 24 horas)

O Autor relata sua experiência com novo esquema terapêutico com Teclozan - dose total de 1.500mg empregada em 24 horas, em 40 pacientes portadores de colite amebiana não disentérica na Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Após um controle de cura realizado no 4º, 8º, 12º e 20º dias após o tratamento, obteve eficácia em 75% dos enfermos (30 casos) e excelente tolerância.

A clinico-pathological study of 163 untreated cases of chronic hepatitis C

We performed a clinico-pathological study of 163 untreated cases of chronic hepatitis C. Eighty five percent of the patients were clinically asymptomatic and their physical examinations sbowed unremarkable or minimal changes at the time of the liver biopsy Liver function tests tended to present slight abnormalities, involving mild elevations of the activity of the aminotransferases and gamma-glutamil transferase levels. In spite of these mild abnormalities advanced chronic liver disease ivas histologically detected in eighty nine percent of the patients, mainly showing chronic active hepatitis. The most characteristic histological finding ivas an interlobular bile duct damage which correlated with the presence of tymphoid aggregates in the portal tracts and with the development of fibrosis.

Facilitative effects of bi-hemispheric tDCS in cognitive deficits of Parkinson Disease patients

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, primarily characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, stiffness, slowness and impaired equilibrium. Although the motor symptoms have been the focus in PD, slight cognitive deficits are commonly found in non-demented and non-depressed PD patients, even in early stages of the disease, which have been linked to the subsequent development of pathological dementia. Thus, strongly reducing the quality of life (QoL). Both levodopa therapy and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have yield controversial results concerning the cognitive symptoms amelioration in PD patients. That does not seems to be the case with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), although better stimulation parameters are needed. Therefore we hypothesize that simultaneously delivering cathodal tDCS (or ctDCS), over the right prefrontal cortex delivered with anodal tDCS (or atDCS) to left prefrontal cortex could be potentially beneficial for PD patients, either by mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity and by increases in the extracellular dopamine levels over the striatum.

Polysomy 8 defines a clinico-cytogenetic entity representing a subset of myeloid hematologic malignancies associated with a poor prognosis: report on a cohort of 12 patients and review of 105 published cases.

Tetrasomy, pentasomy, and hexasomy 8 (polysomy 8) are relatively rare compared to trisomy 8. Here we report on a series of 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) associated with polysomy 8 as detected by conventional cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In an attempt to better characterize the clinical and hematological profile of this cytogenetic entity, our data were combined with those of 105 published patients. Tetrasomy 8 was the most common presentation of polysomy 8. In 60.7% of patients, polysomy 8 occurred as part of complex changes (16.2% with 11q23 rearrangements). No cryptic MLL rearrangements were found in cases in which polysomy 8 was the only karyotypic change. Our study demonstrates the existence of a polysomy 8 syndrome, which represents a subtype of AML, MDS, and MPD characterized by a high incidence of secondary diseases, myelomonocytic or monocytic involvement in AML and poor overall survival (6 months). Age significantly reduced median survival, but associated cytogenetic abnormalities did not modify it. Cytogenetic results further demonstrate an in vitro preferential growth of the cells with a high level of aneuploidy suggesting a selective advantage for polysomy 8 cells.

Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Evaluation of Anterior Extension of Retinoblastomas : A Clinico-Pathological Study

Purpose: Extension of retinoblastoma cells anterior to the vitreous surface is a criteria used to categorize retinoblastomas in Group E. In some cases, the assessment of anterior chamber invasion is readily visible by slit lamp examination, but in other cases, invasion of the posterior chamber is clinically difficult to determinate. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) allows high-resolution images of the anterior segment and structures normally hidden from clinical visualization such as ciliary body, zonule or posterior chamber. This prompted us to evaluate the value of UBM in the assessment of posterior and anterior chamber involvement in patients with peripheral extending retinoblastomas. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all retinoblastoma cases that underwent enucleation in our institution from 1.1996 till 12.2009 in which UBM ( 35-MHz or 50-MHz) evaluation was available. The UBM results were compared with the histopathological data. Results: From 1.1996 till 12.2009, 146 enucleations were performed in our institution. UBM information was available in 18 cases. There were 8 males and 10 females. The mean age was 4 years old. UBM allowed correct assessement of posterior chamber invasion in 15 cases (13 cases with retinoblastoma in the posterior chamber and 2 cases without retinoblastoma in the posterior chamber). There was a significant correlation between the presence of retinoblastoma cells in the posterior chamber detected by UBM and the histopathological confirmation of posterior chamber involvement (p=0,0008). The sensitivity of UBM in the assessment of posterior chamber invasion by retinoblastoma was 81% and the specificity 100%. UBM allowed correct assessment of anterior chamber invasion in 13 cases. The sensitivity of UBM for this purpose was 50% and the specificity 60 %. Conclusions: In selected cases of advanced retinoblastoma, UBM appears to represent a valuable tool in the evaluation of the precise extension of the disease. Although our series encompasses only a limited number of cases, the sensitivity and specificity of UBM in the assessment of retinoblastoma anterior extension is interesting. Further prospective multi-centered clinical studies would be necessary to better delineate the utility of this method in the precise categorization of retinoblastoma anterior extension

Presentación caso clinico:ptiriasis vesicolor

One presents a clinical case, of a man of approximately 40 years, presenting like clinical stains of variable coloration, of brown aspect and hipocrómicas, that on having been scraped flake off easily. After his diagnosis of ptiriasis vesicolor, it yields to antifúngicos topics. We will analyze this one I marry, and we will see his etiology, clinic dignóstico and treatment.

Enfermeiro Clinico Especialista: um modelo de pratica avancada de enfermagem em oncologia pediatrica no Brasil

O objetivo deste artigo é relatar a experiência de implantação do modelo de prática avançada de enfermagem por meio da incorporação do enfermeiro clínico especialista na composição do quadro de enfermagem. As autoras apresentam o conceito desse modelo e descrevem seu processo de implantação em uma instituição de referência no cuidado à criança e ao adolescente com câncer da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Na avaliação das enfermeiras clínicas especialistas, o principal resultado obtido com a adoção do modelo refere-se ao fortalecimento do papel do enfermeiro como profissional de referência para a articulação das diferentes demandas de cuidado à criança, ao adolescente e ao adulto jovem com câncer e sua família. Também destacam a satisfação dos usuários com o estreitamento da relação paciente, família e enfermeira clínica, em todas as etapas do processo de cuidar.