Progress on holographic techniques to study photo-chemical reactions in solid state

In this paper it is presented recent developments in the heterodyne detection holographic techniques for studding photosensitive materials. The actual state of the technique allows simultaneous and independent measurement of the refractive index and of the absorption coefficient changes in photosensitive materials and their use to self-stabilize the fringe pattern. The modeling of the measured signal together with the fringe stabilization allow the long term-fitting of the optical properties and the study the photosensitive materials close to the saturation.

Do Students Progress if They Self-Assess? A Study in Small-Group Work

In this action research study of my classroom of 8th grade mathematics, I investigated the effects of self-assessment on student group work. Data was collected to see how self-assessment affected small-group work, usage of precise mathematical vocabulary, and student attitudes toward mathematics. Self-assessment allowed the students to periodically evaluate their own learning and their involvement in math class. I discovered that the vast majority of students enjoy working in small-groups, and they feel they are good group members. Evidence in regard to use of precise mathematical vocabulary showed an increased awareness in the importance of its usage. Student attitudes toward mathematics remained positive and unchanged throughout the research. As a result of this research, I plan to continue use of small-group work and selfassessment. I will continue emphasis on the inclusion of precise mathematical vocabulary as well as on training on cooperative learning strategies.

Progress in animal experimentation ethics. A case study from a brazilian medical school and from the international medical literature

PURPOSE: This study describes in Brazil and in the global biomedical community the time course of the development of animal research welfare guidelines. METHODS: The database of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto (EC/FMRP-USP), Brazil, was surveyed since its inception in 2002 as the regulations became more stringent to provide better protection of animal research welfare at this institution. Medline database was evaluated to identify the number of publications in the period between 1968 and 2008 that used research animals and were in compliance with established ethics guidelines. RESULTS: The EC/FMRP-USP evaluated 979 projects up until 2009. Most of the applications came from Department of Physiology and the most frequently requested species was the rat. In 2004, national research funding agencies started to request prior approval from institutional review ethics committees prior to application review and this requirement became federal law in Brazil in 2008. The analysis of international publications revealed a relative reduction in studies involving research animals (18% in 1968 to 7.5% in 2008). CONCLUSIONS: The present work showed that in the last four decades major changes occurred in the guidelines dictating use of research animals occurred and they are being adopted by developing countries. Moreover, animal welfare concern in the scientific community preceded the introduction of journal guidelines for this purpose. Furthermore, in Brazil it was anticipated that laws were needed to protect animal research welfare from being not upheld.

Progress in animal experimentation ethics: a case study from a Brazilian medical school and from the international medical literature

PURPOSE: This study describes in Brazil and in the global biomedical community the time course of the development of animal research welfare guidelines. METHODS: The database of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto (EC/FMRP-USP), Brazil, was surveyed since its inception in 2002 as the regulations became more stringent to provide better protection of animal research welfare at this institution. Medline database was evaluated to identify the number of publications in the period between 1968 and 2008 that used research animals and were in compliance with established ethics guidelines. RESULTS: The EC/FMRP-USP evaluated 979 projects up until 2009. Most of the applications came from Department of Physiology and the most frequently requested species was the rat. In 2004, national research funding agencies started to request prior approval from institutional review ethics committees prior to application review and this requirement became federal law in Brazil in 2008. The analysis of international publications revealed a relative reduction in studies involving research animals (18% in 1968 to 7.5% in 2008). CONCLUSIONS: The present work showed that in the last four decades major changes occurred in the guidelines dictating use of research animals occurred and they are being adopted by developing countries. Moreover, animal welfare concern in the scientific community preceded the introduction of journal guidelines for this purpose. Furthermore, in Brazil it was anticipated that laws were needed to protect animal research welfare from being not upheld.

Progress in x-ray spectroscopies for the study of advanced materials

This thesis work is focused on the use of selected core-level x-ray spectroscopies to study semiconductor materials of great technological interest and on the development of a new implementation of appearance potential spectroscopy. Core-level spectroscopies can be exploited to study these materials with a local approach since they are sensitive to the electronic structure localized on a chemical species present in the sample examined. This approach, in fact, provides important micro-structural information that is difficult to obtain with techniques sensitive to the average properties of materials. In this thesis work we present a novel approach to the study of semiconductors with core-level spectroscopies based on an original analysis procedure that leads to an insightful understanding of the correlation between the local micro-structure and the spectral features observed. In particular, we studied the micro-structure of Hydrogen induced defects in nitride semiconductors, since the analysed materials show substantial variations of optical and electronic properties as a consequence of H incorporation. Finally, we present a novel implementation of soft x-ray appearance potential spectroscopy, a core-level spectroscopy that uses electrons as a source of excitation and has the great advantage of being an in-house technique. The original set-up illustrated was designed to reach a high signal-to-noise ratio for the acquisition of good quality spectra that can then be analyzed in the framework of the real space full multiple scattering theory. This technique has never been coupled with this analysis approach and therefore our work unite a novel implementation with an original data analysis method, enlarging the field of application of this technique.

A study of progress of labour using intrapartum translabial ultrasound, assessing head station, direction, and angle of descent

Intrapartum translabial ultrasound (ITU) has the potential to objectively and quantitatively assess the progress of labour. The relationships between the different ITU parameters and their development during normal term labour have not been studied.

Measuring the progress of extension work : a study of 304 farms and farm homes in Vermilion County, Ill., 1928 /

"May 1929."

Progress of the study of investment trusts and investment companies made by the Securities and exchange commission, pursuant to section 30 of the Public utility holding company act of 1935.

Mode of access: Internet.

Twenty-five years of health progress; a study of the mortality experience among the industrial policyholders of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company 1911 to 1935,

Mode of access: Internet.

Availability of information from Federal departments and agencies : (the first five years and progress of study, August 1959-July 1960) : twenty-fourth report /

"July 2, 1960--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed"

Quarterly progress report on study of thermal radiation within solids and study of internally ablating composites.

[1] 1 Oct. 1960 to 31 Dec. 1960.

Quarterly progress report on a study of meteoroid impact phenomena,

"National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Contract no. NAS 3-2121."

Thirteenth progress report on model laws for density currents : an experimental study of the motion of saline water from locks into fresh water channels /

"NBS project 0603-11-3519."

Progress report VI, research study on stilling basins, energy dissipators, and associated appurtenances : section 12, stilling basin chute block pressures (basin II) /

Mode of access: Internet.