La politique des nationalités : vecteur d’expansion internationale du Second Empire français (1859-1868)

Mémoire de maîtrise utilisant les archives trouvées aux Archives Nationales de France ( AN section Paris), aux archives du Ministère des Affaires étrangères de France (AMAE) et celles du fond d'archives Colonna Walewski (ACW).

‘The Apostolate of the Pen’: Mgr De Ségur and the mobilization of Catholic opinion in Second Empire France

This article contends that the papacy and ultramontane Catholicism played a pivotal role in the democratization of culture in Second Empire France. Drawing upon recent scholarship, which argues that religion played an important role in the constitution of mass democracies in modern Europe, this article revisits the pamphlet campaign led by Mgr Gaston de Ségur at the height of the Italian question in February 1860. Ségur made the most of the freedom of expression enjoyed by the Catholic Church in France in an attempt to direct Catholic opinion, and place pressure on the French government over its diplomatic relations with the pope. New archive material, notably Ségur’s correspondence with the leading Catholic journalist of the time, Louis Veuillot, sheds further light on Rome’s interventions in French culture and politics and its consequences. The article demonstrates that one of the most important, if unintended, results of the ultramontane campaign was to trigger reforms to the cultural sphere, and the granting of freedoms to their political enemies: the Republicans and freethinkers.

Les bals travestis et les tableaux vivants sous le second empire /

Mode of access: Internet.

Conversations with distinguished persons during the second empire, from 1860 to 1863 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Histoire du Second Empire.

Includes various editions.

La société du Second Empire

t. 1. 1851-1858. t. 2. 1858-1863. t. 3. 1863-1867. t. 4. 1867-1870.

Frère d'empereur. Le duc de Morny et la société du second empire;

Mode of access: Internet.

Histoire du Bas-Empire, comprenant l'histoire des empires d'occident, d'orient, grec, latin, et du second empire grec, depuis Constantin jusqu'a la prise de Constantinople.

Mode of access: Internet.

Souvenirs du second empire,

Mode of access: Internet.

French opinion on war and diplomacy during the Second Empire.

Mode of access: Internet.