ERICA: prevalence of common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescents

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescent students, according to geographical macro-regions, school type, sex, and age. METHODS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents who participated in the Cardiovascular Risk Study in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national, school-based study conducted in 2013-2014 in cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A self-administered questionnaire and an electronic data collector were employed. The presence of common mental disorders was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of common mental disorders by sex, age, and school type, in Brazil and in the macro-regions, considering the sample design. RESULTS The prevalence of common mental disorders was of 30.0% (95%CI 29.2-30.8), being higher among girls (38.4%; 95%CI 37.1-39.7) when compared to boys (21.6%; 95%CI 20.5-22.8), and among adolescents who were from 15 to 17 years old (33.6%; 95%CI 32.2-35.0) compared to those aged between 12 and 14 years (26.7%; 95%CI 25.8-27.6). The prevalence of common mental disorders increased with age for both sexes, always higher in girls (ranging from 28.1% at 12 years to 44.1% at 17 years) than in boys (ranging from 18.5% at 12 years to 27.7% at 17 years). We did not observe any significant difference by macro-region or school type. Stratified analyses showed higher prevalence of common mental disorders among girls aged from 15 to 17 years of private schools in the North region (53.1; 95%CI 46.8-59.4). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of common mental disorders among adolescents and the fact that the symptoms are often vague mean these disorders are not so easily identified by school administrators or even by health services. The results of this study can help the proposition of more specific prevention and control measures, focused on highest risk subgroups.

Cultura política e as fontes de mudança no sector público. Os casos da França, Grã-Bretanha, da Alemanha, Portugal e da Suécia

Comunicação apresentada no 2º Congresso Nacional de Administração Pública, em Lisboa, de 3 a 4 de Novembro de 2004.

O iberismo e a França como cultura intermediária em Oliveira Martins

pp. 89-95

A Arte em Portugal no Século XX (1911-1961) José-Augusto França e a perspetiva sociológica

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História da Arte: Variante Contemporânea

Preservar o futuro: a salvaguarda e o restauro de arquivos sonoros em França e em Portugal. Três intervenções de restauro

Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Artes Musicais

Entrevista com José-Augusto França

ENTREVISTA com José-Augusto França conduzida por Raquel Henriques da Silva*

Modernidade e academismo França, Espanha e Portugal: diálogos cruzados

in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.272-287

List of species in the genus Lutzomyia, França, 1924 (Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from the State of Mato Grosso

This work had the objective of listing the sand fly species that occur in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data relating to entomological surveys conducted between 1996 and 2004 were obtained from the National Health Foundation and the State Health Department, and this was supplemented with information from research carried out in the state and from the specialized literature. There were records of 106 sand fly species belonging to the genus Lutzomyia. This is a rich and diversified fauna, with some species restricted to forested areas and others recorded throughout the state, independent of the vegetation type, and in areas modified by human action, with predominance of Lutzomyia whitmani.

Protistas "incerta sedis" de ofídios do Brasil: Toddia França, 1912 e Pirhemocyton Chatton & Blanc, 1914: estudo comparativo

Dentre 683 serpentes procedentes de diferentes pontos do Brasil, 16 (2,4%) apresentaram em seu sangue (em glóbulos vermelhos maturos e imaturos) Toddia ou Pirhemocyton. Denominamos provisoriamente Toddia os parasitos encontrados em Bothrops moojeni, B. pradoi, B. jararaca e Chironius flavolineatus e Pirhemocyton os encontrados em B. alternatus; fornecemos a primeira referência nestes hospedeiros. Estes parasitos foram estudados comparativamente com o objetivo de estabelecermos a extensão de suas afinidades. Com Toddia de B. moojeni realizamos técnica citoquímica para caracterização de ácidos nucleicos e encontramos positividade apenas para DNA. As maiores afinidades entre os parasitos estudados residiam nas características dos corpúsculos cromáticos e alterações celulares que determinam; observarmos quase total identidade nas maneiras como os parasitos da mesma espécie de serpente se apresentaram. Constatamos a coexistência de inclusões globóides, cristalóides e formas intermediárias associada aos parasitos de B. pradoi e B. alternatus; em C. flavolineatus encotnramos além dos cristais, raríssimas formas intermediárias entre estes e globóides. Afinidades entre Toddia e Pirhemocyton abrangendo o tipo de inclusão contrariam as descrições originais, tornando pouco válida esta separação genérica. Discutimos também os fundamentos da criação das espécies e a possível natureza virótica destes parasitos.

The viral nature of Toddia França, 1912

Toddia França, 1912 under the light microscope occurs as inclusion corpuscles in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes of cold-blooded vertebrates sometimes accompanied by crystalloid bodies. Its position among the protozoans or the viruses has been discussed by some authors, but remained unclear. To elucidate this problem we studied Toddia from a Brazilian frog (Leptodactylus ocellatus) by electron microscopy. In the cytoplasm of the infected cells we found no protozoan, but rather virus-like particles often hexagonal in outline, averaging 195 nm excluding their two involving membranes, and presenting a central area of variable electron density. Particles at different stages of development were generally found around or on area lighter density than the cytoplasm. which resembled a virus synthesis site. At high magnification, the nuclear or cytoplasmic crystals allied to Toddia resembled the crystalline lattice of the inclusion bodies associated with the polyhedrosis viruses and poxviruses from insects, of the capsules of granulosis viruses and of other protein crystals in ultrathin sections. Cytochemical tests in Toddia corpuscles displayed exclusively the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid. These findings indicate that Toddia is not a protozoan and demonstrate that it is in all probability a viral inclusion corpuscle. Taking into account the nucleic acid type found in its structure (DNA) and the hexagonal shape usually shown in ultrathin sections by its component particles, which have a cytoplasmic site of synthesis and assembly, we tentatively relate Toddia with the so-called "Icosahedral Cytoplasmic Deoxyriboviruses". We believe that the present paper gives the first report of virus-like particles in L. ocellatus.

The microps group of Lutzomyia França with descriptions of two new species from South America (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

Six species of phlebotomine sand flies in the genus Lutzomyia França from South America are included in the newly-created species group microps. References and illustrations of the species are given, including descriptions of two new forms - L. nematoducta n.sp., male and female from northern Brazil, and l. preclara n.sp. male from Colombia and Peru. The males in the species group microps are keyed.

Polítiques del càstig? Anàlisi comparada del discurs de la política penitenciària a Dinamarca, França, Anglaterra i Gal·les, i el Canadà

L'objectiu principal de l'estudi ha estat conèixer els marcs cognitius i institucionals que tenen les polítiques penitenciàries de Dinamarca, França, Regne Unit i Gal·les i Canadà. Es comparen els discursos presents de fonts directes i indirectes que donen fonamentació semàntica a cada una de les accions polítiques reals d'aquests països. En aquest sentit, es parteix del paradigma que la acció és una comunicació, un discurs que produeix el sistema, que s'orienta significativament al voltant dels marcs cognitius de construcció autoreferencial. Aquests marcs s'agrupen per a la seva presentació en 4 nivells de categories conceptuals: a) fonaments político-filosòfics de la organització social del país en qüestió b) fonaments político-semàntics en la seva forma d'Estat; c) fonaments político-filosòfics en la forma del seu dret penal i el seu sistema penitenciari d) fonaments político-filosòfics de la seva execució penitenciària. Es tracta, doncs, d'analitzar el sentit mateix del càstig i de les formes que adopta. Amb tot això, es presenten arguments suficients que estableixen el valor diferencial de cada política penitenciària, malgrat els esforços d'homogeneïtzació que s'han volgut fer en el procés anomenat d'europeïtzació. En segon lloc es presenta una comparació dels quatre casos, en funció de les categories establertes i una reflexió crítica respecte les maneres que s’està duent a terme el debat sobre la europeïtzació de les polítiques penitenciàries. Amb tot això, es mostra com el anomenat vocable "reinserció social", es desdibuixa i es posa en dubte en funció de la singularitat de cada política, i ressaltat per la tendència de la europeïtzació de les polítiques penitenciàries.