Revitalisation de la résilience urbaine de la Ville de Sherbrooke via une transformation de sa mobilité citoyenne

L’objectif de cet essai est de déterminer comment la mobilité des citoyens de la Ville de Sherbrooke pourrait être transformée pour réduire la dépendance aux combustibles fossiles tout en améliorant le potentiel de résilience urbaine de sa communauté. La résilience urbaine est un concept gagnant en popularité dans le discours qui accompagne le développement durable. Elle permet aux sociétés de mieux s’adapter et se transformer face aux crises qu’elles sont vouées à vivre dans un contexte environnemental, social et économique changeant. La poursuite d’une résilience urbaine plus forte est d’autant plus pertinente face aux enjeux énergétiques et climatiques pressants. La récolte de pistes de solution menant à une plus faible dépendance au pétrole par l’expérimentation d’une approche participative conviant des parties prenantes intéressées par les transports urbains de Sherbrooke est un sous-objectif de l’essai. Les méthodes de planification participative sont d’ailleurs réputées pour favoriser la mise en œuvre de projets au sein des communautés par l’engagement citoyen qu’elles suscitent, en plus d’adopter une approche plus systémique face aux problématiques environnementales. L’analyse des pistes de solutions récoltées démontre que la résilience urbaine de Sherbrooke peut être revitalisée via la mise en œuvre conjointe de celles-ci. Effectivement, l’idée de développer un système de transport collectif basé sur des énergies alternatives au pétrole complète les trois autres pistes de solution. Ces dernières étant de mettre en place des mesures incitatives au sein des organisations sherbrookoises pour la promotion du transport actif chez les employés, de prioriser la marche et le vélo sur l’ensemble des rues de la ville et de densifier l’aménagement urbain au profit des transports actifs et des commerces de proximité. Trois grandes recommandations peuvent donc être faites pour la communauté sherbrookoise afin de faciliter la mise en œuvre de ces solutions et augmenter son potentiel de résilience urbaine. Premièrement, la Ville de Sherbrooke pourrait mettre en place un programme de soutien à la création d’éco-quartiers afin de faciliter la priorisation des transports actifs et la densification urbaine. Deuxièmement, les décideurs sont invités à utiliser davantage des approches de planification participative au sein de leurs processus décisionnels afin d’adopter une approche plus systémique et prendre plus en considération les opinions citoyennes. Finalement, la ville pourrait joindre le mouvement « vélosympathique » de Vélo Québec et récompenser les organisations sherbrookoises qui mettent en place des incitatifs pour encourager le transport actif chez leurs employés.

Quelques traits du développement du basque L2 en contexte de revitalisation de la langue à travers l’immersion scolaire

Cette recherche vise à identifier quelques traits du développement du basque L2 dans un contexte de revitalisation de la langue à travers l’immersion scolaire. L’analyse de la restitution orale des contes en basque par un même groupe d’élèves de cinq à huit ans dont la langue première est l’espagnol, constitue l’élément empirique de la présente recherche. Ces élèves habitent dans un entourage hispanophone mais sont scolarisés en basque par immersion. Les données sont comparées avec celles des élèves de basque L1 provenant d’un entourage bascophone. L’analyse de diverses dimensions des contes suggère que la scolarisation en basque L2 à travers l’immersion favorise le développement du basque dans un contexte de revitalisation. En même temps, l’analyse permet d’identifier quelques traits spécifiques du basque L2 et qui sont distincts du basque L1. (DIPF/Orig.)

Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie à Montréal

Ce mémoire explore les dynamiques propres à la mise en place de politiques de revitalisation dans un quartier urbain montréalais. La revitalisation, accompagnée de nombreux autres « processus » connexes, comme la participation citoyenne et la concertation, participe à une tentative de gouvernement des espaces urbains à travers ce que j’ai appelé ici le dispositif de revitalisation. Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie est le résultat de la mise en place d’une série de pratiques gouvernementales ainsi que de mutations dans la façon de gérer les affaires publiques propres au Québec, et plus particulièrement, à la grande région de Montréal. L’analyse se centre ici sur l’évolution de différentes tendances tant au niveau associatif, communautaire que privé et institutionnel afin de cerner les dynamiques propres au fonctionnement actuel du dispositif dans le quartier de Sainte-Marie, situé dans l’arrondissement Ville-Marie. La formation de ce dispositif est une partie d’un phénomène plus large de transformation des espaces urbains par différentes interventions gouvernementales et privées, à l’ère du néolibéralisme contemporain. Le dispositif est ancré dans tout un florilège d’idées et de pratiques qui doivent être justifiées par le recours à un nouveau vocabulaire et à des concepts qui demeurent volontairement flous et mal définis afin d’en arriver, pour les acteurs concernés, à conserver une liberté d’action nécessaire et d’en restreindre l’accès.

Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie à Montréal

Ce mémoire explore les dynamiques propres à la mise en place de politiques de revitalisation dans un quartier urbain montréalais. La revitalisation, accompagnée de nombreux autres « processus » connexes, comme la participation citoyenne et la concertation, participe à une tentative de gouvernement des espaces urbains à travers ce que j’ai appelé ici le dispositif de revitalisation. Le dispositif de revitalisation du quartier Sainte-Marie est le résultat de la mise en place d’une série de pratiques gouvernementales ainsi que de mutations dans la façon de gérer les affaires publiques propres au Québec, et plus particulièrement, à la grande région de Montréal. L’analyse se centre ici sur l’évolution de différentes tendances tant au niveau associatif, communautaire que privé et institutionnel afin de cerner les dynamiques propres au fonctionnement actuel du dispositif dans le quartier de Sainte-Marie, situé dans l’arrondissement Ville-Marie. La formation de ce dispositif est une partie d’un phénomène plus large de transformation des espaces urbains par différentes interventions gouvernementales et privées, à l’ère du néolibéralisme contemporain. Le dispositif est ancré dans tout un florilège d’idées et de pratiques qui doivent être justifiées par le recours à un nouveau vocabulaire et à des concepts qui demeurent volontairement flous et mal définis afin d’en arriver, pour les acteurs concernés, à conserver une liberté d’action nécessaire et d’en restreindre l’accès.

The judicious utilization of new technologies through authentic learning in higher education : a case study

Though technology holds significant promise for enhanced teaching and learning it is unlikely to meet this promise without a principled approach to course design. There is burgeoning discourse about the use of technological tools and models in higher education, but much of the discussion is fixed upon distance learning or technology based courses. This paper will develop and propose a balanced model for effective teaching and learning for “on campus” higher education, with particular emphasis on the opportunities for revitalisation available through the judicious utilisation of new technologies. It will explore the opportunities available for the creation of more authentic learning environments through the principled design. Finally it will demonstrate with a case study how these have come together enabling the creation of an effective and authentic learning environment for one pre-service teacher education course at the University of Queensland.

Performance Research in Rangeland Communities

In 2003, Bill Dunstone, John McCallum and Paul Makeham began a collaboration with researchers at the Centre for the Management of Arid Environments (CMAE) in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. CMAE researchers are keen to develop 'people-oriented' strategies for implementing agricultural extension initiatives in their region. Traditional hierarchies of knowledge-transfer have impeded the 'connectedness' between community and researchers that gives meaning and relevance to useful practice (Ison and Russell, 2000). Our aim is to establish a partnership between the Live Events Research Network (LERN) and CMAE, investigating ways to link creative, performance-based research and practice with the scientific methodologies associated with natural resources management. This accords with recent work undertaken by Deborah Mills and Paul Brown, showing how community cultural development strategies enhance the implementation of policy concerned with community wellbeing. Mills and Brown 'adopted a concept of wellbeing which builds on a social and environmental view of health', and considered such themes as ecological sustainability, rural economic revitalisation, community strengthening, health and wellbeing (Mills, 2003). We propose that rangeland communities can creatively manage some of the challenges confronting them through performance-based projects which: - activate the stories through which a community enacts its sense of place; - facilitate live events in which the community enacts ownership of its culture and identity; - directly involve the community in the formulation of research issues

Locomotives and stargates : inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto

This article examines the place of large studio complexes in plans for the regeneration of inner-city areas of Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto. Recent developments in each city are placed in the context of international audiovisual production dynamics, and are considered in terms of the ways they intersect with a range of policy thinking. They are at once part of particular urban revitalisation agendas, industry development planning, city branding and image-making strategies, and new thinking about film policy at national and sub-national levels. The article views studio complexes through four frames: as particular kinds of studio complex development; as 'locomotives' driving a variety of related industries; as 'stargates' enabling a variety of transformations, including the remediation of contaminated, derelict or outmoded land controlled by public authorities or their agents close to the centre of each city; and as components of the entrepreneurial, internationally oriented city.

Charting a theoretical framework for examining Indigenous journalism culture

Indigenous media around the globe have expanded considerably in recent years, a process that has also led to an increase in the number of Indigenous news organisations. Yet, research into Indigenous news and journalism is still rare, with mostly individual case studies having been undertaken in different parts of the globe. Drawing on existing research gathered from a variety of global contexts, this paper theorises five main dimensions which can help us think about and empirically examine Indigenous journalism culture. They include: the empowerment role of Indigenous journalism; the ability to offer a counter-narrative to mainstream media reporting; journalism’s role in language revitalisation; reporting through a culturally appropriate framework; and the watchdog function of Indigenous journalism. These dimensions are discussed in some detail, in an attempt to guide future studies into the structures, roles, practices and products of Indigenous journalism across the globe.

Can biophilic urbanism deliver strong economic and social benefits in cities? An economic and policy invetigations into the increased use of natural elements in urban design

Biophilic urbanism, or urban design that reflects humanity’s innate need for nature, stands to make significant contributions to a range of national, state and local government policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation, by investigating ways in which nature can be integrated into, around and on top of buildings. Potential benefits of such design include reducing the heat island effect, reducing energy consumption for thermal control, enhancing urban biodiversity, improving well being and productivity, improving water cycle management, and assisting in the response to growing needs for densification and revitalisation of cities. This report will give an overview of the concept of biophilia and consider enablers and disablers to its application to urban planning and design. The paper will present findings from stakeholder engagement and a series of detailed case studies, related to a consideration of the economics of the use of biophilic elements (direct and indirect).

Considering the application of biophilic urbanism: A Sustainable Built Environment National Research Centre discussion paper

Biophilic urbanism, or urban design which refl ects human’s innate need for nature in and around and on top of our buildings, stands to make signifi cant contributions to a range of national, state and local government policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Potential benefi ts include reducing the heat island effect, reducing energy consumption for thermal control, enhancing urban biodiversity, improving well being and productivity, improving water cycle management, and assisting in the response to growing needs for densifi cation and revitalisation of cities. This discussion paper will give an overview of the concept of biophilia and consider enablers and disablers to its application to urban planning and design. The paper will present findings from stakeholder engagement related to a consideration of the economics of the use of biophilic elements (direct and indirect). The paper outlines eight strategic areas being considered in the project, including how a ‘daily minimum dose’ of nature can be received through biophilic elements, and how planning and policy can underpin effective biophilic urbanism.

Urban Revitalization: Remaking Cities in a Changing World

Following decades of neglect and decline, many US cities have undergone a dramatic renaissance. From New York to Nashville and Pittsburgh to Portland governments have implemented innovative redevelopment strategies to adapt to a globally integrated, post-industrial economy and cope with declining industries, tax bases, and populations - but the urban comeback has been highly uneven. Urban Revitalization integrates academic and policy research with professional knowledge and techniques. Written in an accessible style and with a thoughtful structure, it will provide graduate and upper-level undergraduate students with a comprehensive resource while also serving as a reference for professionals.

From the guest editors: Urban acupuncture

The term urban acupuncture refers to a concept where a localised intervention or treatment is used for the revitalisation and (re)creation of cities by targeting strategic points, poking or activating networks into action. These actions impart stimuli for further responses and opportunity through small projects rather than large developments. Urban Acupuncture activates dynamic transformative forces of the place and focuses on the maintenance of a healthy situation rather than on the cure of problems, and thus metaphorically resonates with the principles of the practice of acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine...

Socio-cultural protection of endemic trees in humanised landscape

Culturally protected forest patches or sacred groves have been the integral part of many traditional societies. This age old tradition is a classic instance of community driven nature conservation sheltering native biodiversity and supporting various ecosystem functions particularly hydrology. The current work in Central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, highlights that even small sacred groves amidst humanised landscapes serve as tiny islands of biodiversity, especially of rare and endemic species. Temporal analysis of landuse dynamics reveals the changing pattern of the studied landscape. There is fast reduction of forest cover (15.14-11.02 %) in last 20 years to meet up the demand of agricultural land and plantation programs. A thorough survey and assessment of woody endemic species distribution in the 25 km(2) study area documented presence of 19 endemic species. The distribution of these species is highly skewed towards the culturally protected patches in comparison to other land use elements. It is found that, among the 19 woody endemic species, those with greater ecological amplitude are widely distributed in the studied landscape in groves as well as other land use forms whereas, natural population of the sensitive endemics are very much restricted in the sacred grove fragments. The recent degradation in the sacred grove system is perhaps, due to weakening of traditional belief systems and associated laxity in grove protection leading to biotic disturbances. Revitalisation of traditional practices related to conservation of sacred groves can go a long way in strengthening natural ecological systems of fragile humid tropical landscape.

Denver - A City Profile

Denver has emerged from the 1990s as a city region experiencing rapid growth. This has been fuelled by a vibrant local economy, which has adjusted itself from dependency on an earlier oil boom to greater reliance on the information and communications technology sector. The current planning and development challenges are dominated by the need to deal with urban sprawl and pressured transportation infrastructure. The contemporary restructuring of the physical fabric of Denver is marked by a progressive downtown revitalisation effort and a number of space extensive brownfield development projects. The interplay of state and local governments with commercial interests and citizens is a powerful dynamic in shaping these negative and positive outcomes.

Laïcité is what Laïcité does: Rethinking the French cult controversy

France’s distinctive reaction towards “cults” is generally described as a result of laïcité’s consubstantial problems with religious diversity. The aim of this article is to present an alternative way of thinking about the French cult controversy and, ultimately, about the concept of “laïcité” as an explanatory framework for France’s response to religious diversity. It draws on empirical data to look at how notions such as “laïcité” and “cults” are used in official discourses and translated into administrative practice. This approach will underline that laïcité is not a driving force that predetermines a unilateral response to “cults”, but that laïcité is as laïcité does, in other words a highly claimed and contested value, reflecting divergent political and administrative approaches of the cult phenomenon. The framework “laïcité versus religious diversity” is also undermined by another crucial observation. While it sees the cult controversy as primarily a religious issue, it seems that the recent revitalisation of the combat against “cults” was made possible by its partial dissociation from the religious sphere and its extension to a wide range of practices and new areas.