Plantas útiles en el municipio El Castillo a partir de categorías de uso popular

Investigaciones etnobotánicas en la Reserva de la Biosfera Indio Maiz (RBIM) pretenden promover una ética conservacionista a través del reconocimiento, documentación, y uso de la flora local por parte de la población rural. El propósito de este estudio fue conocer los patrones que detenninan el uso de especies. El uso concerniente a las especies vegetales se ha documentado por medio de la aplicación de una Metodologia Etnobotánica basada en un modelo de inventario/entrevista con 133 infonnantes. Se establecieron 11 categorias de uso y 68 usos, lo que pennitió detenninar el número y tipo de usos de cada especie; asi como calcular indicas de importancia relativa basada en la percepción local. Todas las especies de plantas mencionadas en entrevistas; cuyo número fue de 398, fueron reportadas como útiles para uno o más propósitos; siendo el41.5% especies introducidas. Las comunidades más alejadas del área núcleo de la reserva reportaron más especies que las comunidades cercanas y hacen un uso más diverso. Los indicas de importancia relativa sugieren mayor diversidad de uso de especies maderables. que especies medicinales o plantas cultivadas. El uso de las plantas depende de factores como la abundancia relativa en la flora local, la tradicionalidad de uso de pocas especies; la calidad y demanda de mercado de muchas especies, asi como de la experimentación o contacto práctico con los ecosistemas habitados.

¿Por qué son tan útiles los metales?

Duración (en horas): De 11 a 20 horas. Nivel educativo: Grado

Award Winner in the Young Investigator Category, 2014 Society for Biomaterials Annual Meeting and Exposition, Denver, Colorado, April 16-19, 2014: Periodically perforated core-shell collagen biomaterials balance cell infiltration, bioactivity, and mechanical properties.

Orthopedic tissue engineering requires biomaterials with robust mechanics as well as adequate porosity and permeability to support cell motility, proliferation, and new extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. While collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) scaffolds have been developed for a range of tissue engineering applications, they exhibit poor mechanical properties. Building on previous work in our lab that described composite CG biomaterials containing a porous scaffold core and nonporous CG membrane shell inspired by mechanically efficient core-shell composites in nature, this study explores an approach to improve cellular infiltration and metabolic health within these core-shell composites. We use indentation analyses to demonstrate that CG membranes, while less permeable than porous CG scaffolds, show similar permeability to dense materials such as small intestine submucosa (SIS). We also describe a simple method to fabricate CG membranes with organized arrays of microscale perforations. We demonstrate that perforated membranes support improved tenocyte migration into CG scaffolds, and that migration is enhanced by platelet-derived growth factor BB-mediated chemotaxis. CG core-shell composites fabricated with perforated membranes display scaffold-membrane integration with significantly improved tensile properties compared to scaffolds without membrane shells. Finally, we show that perforated membrane-scaffold composites support sustained tenocyte metabolic activity as well as improved cell infiltration and reduced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α compared to composites with nonperforated membranes. These results will guide the design of improved biomaterials for tendon repair that are mechanically competent while also supporting infiltration of exogenous cells and other extrinsic mediators of wound healing.

Description of a procedure to identify strategies: The case of the tiles problem

In this paper we present a procedure to describe strategies in problems which can be solved using inductive reasoning. This procedure is based on some aspects of the analysis of the specific subject matter, concretely on the elements, the representation systems and the transformations involved. We show an example of how we used this procedure for the tiles problem. Finally we present some results and conclusions.

A two-dimensional numerical investigation of the oscillatory flow behaviour in rectangular fire compartments with a single horizontal ceiling vent

This paper presents a comparison of fire field model predictions with experiment for the case of a fire within a compartment which is vented (buoyancydriven) to the outside by a single horizontal ceiling vent. Unlike previous work, the mathematical model does not employ a mixing ratio to represent vent temperatures but allows the model to predict vent temperatures a priori. The experiment suggests that the flow through the vent produces oscillatory behaviour in vent temperatures with puffs of smoke emerging from the fire compartment. This type of flow is also predicted by the fire field model. While the numerical predictions are in good qualitative agreement with observations, they overpredict the amplitudes of the temperature oscillations within the vent and also the compartment temperatures. The discrepancies are thought to be due to three-dimensional effects not accounted for in this model as well as using standard ‘practices’ normally used by the community with regards to discretization and turbulence models. Furthermore, it is important to note that the use of the k–ε turbulence model in a transient mode, as is used here, may have a significant effect on the results. The numerical results also suggest that a linear relationship exists between the frequency of vent temperature oscillation (n) and the heat release rate (Q0) of the type n∝Q0.290, similar to that observed for compartments with two horizontal vents. This relationship is predicted to occur only for heat release rates below a critical value. Furthermore, the vent discharge coefficient is found to vary in an oscillatory fashion with a mean value of 0.58. Below the critical heat release rate the mean discharge coefficient is found to be insensitive to fire size.