A comparison of labor and delivery management activities in two settings

Similarities and differences in management activities and patient health outcomes between a traditional physician staffed labor and delivery setting and a certified nurse-midwife staffed Birth Center within the same hospital were described. The 950 study subjects, low income, minority women, were classified as low obstetrical risk by a POPRAS score of 25 points or less at time of admission for labor and delivery. The study subjects were similar in demographic, antepartum and intrapartum characteristics; the labor course was problem free for the majority in both settings. There were no remarkable differences in health outcomes between the groups. Management activities varied between settings; these variations were policy related rather than health related. The POPRAS rating system was an accurate predictor for 93% of BC subjects and 85% of LDU subjects. Charge for service was approximately $600 less for BC women; length of stay did not contribute to the difference in charge. Overall, BC respondents to the attitude survey were more satisfied with their labor and delivery experience than L\&DU women. ^

Gender inequalities in occupational health related to the unequal distribution of working and employment conditions: a systematic review

Introduction: Gender inequalities exist in work life, but little is known about their presence in relation to factors examined in occupation health settings. The aim of this study was to identify and summarize the working and employment conditions described as determinants of gender inequalities in occupational health in studies related to occupational health published between 1999 and 2010. Methods: A systematic literature review was undertaken of studies available in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Sociological Abstracts, LILACS, EconLit and CINAHL between 1999 and 2010. Epidemiologic studies were selected by applying a set of inclusion criteria to the title, abstract, and complete text. The quality of the studies was also assessed. Selected studies were qualitatively analysed, resulting in a compilation of all differences between women and men in the prevalence of exposure to working and employment conditions and work-related health problems as outcomes. Results: Most of the 30 studies included were conducted in Europe (n=19) and had a cross-sectional design (n=24). The most common topic analysed was related to the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards (n=8). Employed women had more job insecurity, lower control, worse contractual working conditions and poorer self-perceived physical and mental health than men did. Conversely, employed men had a higher degree of physically demanding work, lower support, higher levels of effort-reward imbalance, higher job status, were more exposed to noise and worked longer hours than women did. Conclusions: This systematic review has identified a set of working and employment conditions as determinants of gender inequalities in occupational health from the occupational health literature. These results may be useful to policy makers seeking to reduce gender inequalities in occupational health, and to researchers wishing to analyse these determinants in greater depth.

Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare appropriations for fiscal year 1971. Hearings before the subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, Ninety-first Congress, second session, on H.R. 18515 ...

On spine: Labor-HEW appropriations, 1971.

Snow-bound ; Among the hills ; Songs of labor : and other poems /

Mode of access: Internet.

Biennial report of the Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics, state of Wisconsin.

In vol. 5-7 office called, Bureau of Labor, Census, and Industrial Statistics.

Annual report of the Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics of the State of Virginia for the years ... .

Title varies slightly.

Biennial report of the Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics of Nebraska.

Title varies slightly.

The new Building estimator : a practical guide to estimating the cost of labor and material in building construction, from excavation to finish; with various practical examples of work presented in detail, and with labor figured chiefly in hours and quantities. A handbook for architects, builders, contractors, appraisers, engineers, superintendents and draftsmen /

Mode of access: Internet.

Life mosaic : The Ministry of song and Under the surface /

Mode of access: Internet.

Manpower for medical research, requirements and resources, 1965-1970. A report for the Subcommittee on Depts. of Labor and Health, Education and Welfare ... of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives.

87th Congress, 2d sess. House.

Collected papers of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Hearings on Senate 93 and 94 in re "Hours of labor," and Senate 95 "The two-shift bill." ... Statement of Ward Thoron, Treasurer Merrimack manufacturing company, February 13, 1924 ....

Cover title.