Estudo de campo elétrico em linha de transmissão utilizando o método dos elementos de contorno

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação do método LTT às estruturas retangulares e triangulares em multicamadas e empilhadas em substratos PBG para comunicações móveis

Recently the planar antennas have been studied due to their characteristics as well as the advantages that they offers when compared with another types of antennas. In the mobile communications area, the need for this kind of antennas have became each time bigger due to the intense increase of the mobile communications that needs of antennas which operate in multifrequency and wide bandwidth. The microstrip antennas presents narrow bandwidth due the loss in the dielectric generated by radiation. Another limitation is the radiation pattern degradation due the generation of surface waves in the substrate. In this work some used techniques to minimize the disadvantages (previously mentioned) of the use of microstrip antennas are presented, those are: substrates with PBG material - Photonic Bandgap, multilayer antennas and with stacked patches. The developed analysis in this work used the TTL - Transverse Transmission Line method in the domain of Fourier transform, that uses a component of propagation in the y direction (transverse to the direction real of propagation z), treating the general equations of electric and magnetic field as functions of y and y . This work has as objective the application of the TTL method to microstrip structures with single and multilayers of rectangular and triangular patches, to obtaining the resonance frequency and radiation pattern of each structure. This method is applied for the treatment of the fields in stacked structures. The Homogenization theory will be applied to obtaining the effective permittivity for s and p polarizations of the substrate composed of PBG material. Numerical results for the triangular and rectangular antennas with single layer, multilayers resonators with triangular and rectangular patches are presented (in photonic and isotropic substrates). Conclusions and suggestions for continuity of this work are presented

Estimação dos parâmetros de linha de transmissão a partir de um segmento de linha discretizado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Programa computacional com interface gráfica para identificação estocástica de parâmetros modais de estruturas civis: aplicação em pontes e torres de linha de transmissão

O interesse no comportamento dinâmico de estruturas metálicas vem crescendo nas últimas décadas no Brasil, em decorrência de acidentes com colapso total de algumas estruturas devido às vibrações ambientes em diversas regiões do país. Na região amazônica, por exemplo, onde esse tipo de estrutura deve vencer obstáculos como florestas e rios de grande largura, casos de colapso total de estruturas metálicas também são relatados. O foco principal dessa dissertação é o estudo do comportamento modal de estruturas metálicas submetidas às vibrações ambientes cuja magnitude das forças de excitação é desconhecida. Dois estudos de caso são apresentados: no primeiro deles, o comportamento modal de uma torre de linha de transmissão de energia elétrica é investigado; e no segundo caso, tanto o comportamento modal como os níveis de desconforto de uma ponte são estudados. Os estudos realizados neste último caso visam avaliar os níveis de desconforto da ponte quando submetida às excitações ambientes como rajadas de vento e o tráfego de veículo de acordo a norma brasileira NBR 8800 (1986). Em ambos os estudos de caso foram realizadas análises experimentais e computacionais. Na etapa experimental, ambas as estruturas foram monitoradas com emprego de um conjunto de acelerômetros de baixa freqüência e também de um sistema de aquisição apropriados para ensaios de vibração de estruturas civis. Como é muito difícil medir a magnitude das forças de excitação ambientes, foram utilizados os métodos de identificação estocásticos SSI-DATA e SSI-COV para extração de parâmetros modais de estruturas civis a partir somente dos dados de resposta coletados nos ensaios de vibração. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas nessa etapa, destaca-se a criação de um programa computacional com recursos do Graphical User Interface (GUI) da plataforma Matlab®, destinado à identificação modal de estruturas civis com o emprego dos referidos métodos estocásticos. Esse programa é constituído de três módulos: o primeiro é destinado ao processamento e tratamento dos sinais coletados nos ensaios de vibração; o segundo é utilizado para adicionar as informações do posicionamento dos acelerômetros utilizados nos arquivos dos sinais de resposta; e o terceiro e último módulo é destinado à identificação a partir dos arquivos de dados de resposta processados nos dois primeiros módulos. Na etapa das análises teóricas, foram criados modelos numéricos utilizando o método dos elementos finitos para simular o comportamento dinâmico das estruturas analisadas. Comparando os resultados obtidos em ambas as etapas de análise, verifica-se que resultados experimentais e teóricos apresentaram parâmetros bastante próximos entre si nos primeiros modos de vibração. Os resultados experimentais mostraram que ambos os métodos estocásticos foram muito eficientes na identificação das estruturas ensaiadas.

Aplicações de arranjos de antenas de microfita com patch supercondutor

This work has as main objective the study of arrays of microstrip antennas with superconductor rectangular patch. The phases and the radiation patterns are analyzed. A study of the main theories is presented that explain the microscopic and macroscopic phenomena of superconductivity. The BCS, London equations and the Two Fluid Model, are theories used in the applications of superconductors, at the microstrip antennas and antennas arrays. Phase Arrangements will be analyzed in linear and planar configurations. The arrangement factors of these configurations are obtained, and the phase criteria and the spacing between the elements, are examined in order to minimize losses in the superconductor, compared with normal conductors. The new rectangular patch antenna, consist of a superconducting material, with the critical temperature of 233 K, whose formula is Tl5Ba4Ca2Cu9Oy, is analyzed by the method of the Transverse nTransmission Line (TTL), developed by H. C. C. Fernandes, applied in the Fourier Transform Domain (FTD). The TTL is a full-wave method, which has committed to obtaining the electromagnetic fields in terms of the transverse components of the structure. The inclusion of superconducting patch is made using the complex resistive boundary condition, using the impedance of the superconductor in the Dyadic Green function, in the structure. Results are obtained from the resonance frequency depending on the parameters of the antenna using superconducting material, radiation patterns in E-Plane and H -Plane, the phased antennas array in linear and planar configurations, for different values of phase angles and different spacing between the elements

Um modelo de linha de transmissão bifásica desenvolvido diretamente no domínio das fases

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo do aterramento dos pés de torres de linha de transmissão frente às descargas atmosféricas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo da distribuição das tensões provenientes de molas helicoidais utilizadas na verticalização de molares pelo método da Fotoelasticidade de transmissão plana

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Análise de superfícies seletivas de freqüência para aplicações em ondas milimétricas

This work consists in the development of a theoretical and numerical analysis for frequency selective surfaces (FSS) structures with conducting patch elements, such as rectangular patches, thin dipoles and cross dipoles, on anisotropic dielectric substrates. The analysis is developed for millimeter wave band applications. The analytical formulation is developed in the spectral domain, by using a rigorous technique known as equivalent transmission line method, or immitance approach. The numerical analysis is completed through the use of the Galerkin's technique in the Fourier transform domain, using entire-domain basis functions. In the last decades, several sophisticated analytical techniques have been developed for FSS structure applications. Within these applications, it can be emphasized the use of FSS structures on reflecting antennas and bandpass radomes. In the analysis, the scattered fields of the FSS geometry are related to the surface induced currents on the conducting patches. After the formulation of the scattering problem, the numerical solution is obtained by using the moment method. The choice of the basis functions plays a very important role in the numerical efficiency of the numerical method, once they should provide a very good approximation to the real current distributions on the FSS analyzed structure. Thereafter, the dyadic Green's function components are obtained in order to evaluate the basis functions unknown coefficients. To accomplish that, the Galerkin's numerical technique is used. Completing the formulation, the incident fields are determined through the incident potential, and as a consequence the FSS transmission and reflection characteristics are determined, as function of the resonant frequency and structural parameters. The main objective of this work was to analyze FSS structures with conducting patch elements, such as thin dipoles, cross dipoles and rectangular patches, on anisotropic dielectric substrates, for high frequency applications. Therefore, numerical results for the FSS structure main characteristics were obtained in the millimeter wave bando Some of these FSS characteristics are the resonant

Desenvolvimento de circuitos planares sobre substratos têxteis

The use of flexible materials for the development of planar circuits is one of the most desired and studied characteristics, lately, by researchers. This happens because the flexibility of the substrate can provide previously impracticable applications, due to the rigidity of the substrates normally used that makes it difficult to fit into the circuits in irregular surfaces. The constant interest in recent years for more lighter devices, increasingly more compacts, flexible and with low cost, led to a new line of research of great interest from both academic and technological views, that is the study and development of textile substrates that can be applied in the development of planar circuits, for applications in the areas of security, biomedical and telecommunications. This paper proposes the development of planar circuits, such as antennas , frequency selective surfaces (FSS) and planar filters, using textile (cotton ticking, jeans and brim santista) as the dielectric substrate and the Pure Copper Polyester Taffeta Fabric, a textile of pure copper, highly conductive, lightweight and flexible, commercially sold as a conductive material. The electrical characteristics of textiles (electric permittivity and loss tangent) were characterized using the transmission line method (rectangular waveguide) and compared with those found in the literature. The structures were analyzed using commercial software Ansoft Designer and Ansoft HFSS, both from the company Ansys and for comparison we used the Iterative Method of Waves (WCIP). For the purpose of validation were built and measured several prototypes of antennas, planar filters and FSS, being possible to confirm an excellent agreement between simulated and measured results

Análise de onda completa de superfície seletiva em freqüência do tipo anteparo duplo

This work presents a theoretical analysis and numerical and experimental results of the scattering characteristics of frequency selective surfaces, using elements of type patch perfectly conductor. The structures are composed of two frequency selective surfaces on isotropic dielectric substrates cascaded, separated by a layer of air. The analysis is performed using the method of equivalent transmission line in combination with the Galerkin method, to determine the transmission and reflection characteristics of the structures analyzed. Specifically, the analysis uses the impedance method, which models the structure by an equivalent circuit, and applies the theory of transmission lines to determine the dyadic Green's function for the cascade structure. This function relates the incident field and surface current densities. These fields are determined algebraically by means of potential incidents and the imposition of the continuity of the fields in the dielectric interfaces. The Galerkin method is applied to the numerical determination of the unknown weight coefficients and hence the unknown densities of surface currents, which are expanded in terms of known basis functions multiplied by these weight coefficients. From the determination of these functions, it becomes possible to obtain numerical scattered fields at the top and bottom of the structures and characteristics of transmission and reflection of these structures. At work, we present numerical and experimental results for the characteristics of transmission and reflection. Comparisons were made with other results presented in literature, and it was observed a good agreement in the cases presented suggestions continuity of the work are presented