Geographiske chartor öfver Sverige - Charta öfver... Finland - 4 : Storfurstendömet Finland

Stockholm 1799, Graverad af Fr. Akrel

Ohjauksen ja neuvonnan vaikutukset sepelvaltimoiden ohitusleikkauspotilaiden terveyskäyttäytymiseen, terveyteen ja toimintakykyyn

Effects of counseling and guidance on health behavior, health, and functional abilities of coronary artery bypass (cab) patients Hospital periods of heart patients are brief and full of activity today, and for that reason, the meaning of counseling and guidance becomes emphasized. The present intervention study started based on observations of staff members at the heart organization. According to these observations, there were gaps in counseling and guidance intended for coronary artery bypass (CAB) patients. The purpose of the present intervention study was to describe and evaluate the program on counseling and guidance organized for patients who were referred to CAB operations. More specifically, the study was to assess its short-term (3-month), intermediate (6-month), and long-term (12-month) effects on health behavior, health, and functional abilities of CAB patients of any age on one hand and elderly on the other, as well as on their mortality. The data consisted of those individuals having coronary heart disease (CHD) and living in Uusimaa (n = 365) who went through their first CAB operation at the Helsinki University Hospital between May 7th, 1998 and December 31st, 2001. Based on the need of urgency, they were divided into two groups: 1) surgery with regular referral procedure (non-acute) or 2) surgery in the acute phase of CHD. Randomization into an intervention and a control group was separately carried out within these two groups. A subgroup was formed by including those 65 years or older who were operated on with regular referral procedure. Data on health behavior, health, and functional abilities were gathered with survey questionnaires. Times and causes of death were examined January 1st, 1998 through December 31st, 2004. Intervention included counseling and guidance in small groups. The intervention of the non-acutely operated patients was implemented prior to and following surgery, whereas the intervention of the acutely operated patients was implemented after surgery alone. The control group received regular health care services. Counseling and guidance contributed in positive terms to the frequency of alcohol use among non-acutely operated men and to the frequencies of exercise and functional ability among women. The intervention was also capable of having an effect on the exercise frequencies of elderly and acutely operated men. The present intervention did not have an effect on the body mass index, whereas it had barely a slight effect on the health status of the CAB patients. The findings of the intervention and generalizations resulting from them must be viewed critically because the data analysis utilized a multi-testing situation, many variables, and several subgroups. The study did not involve intention to treat analysis. Additionally, a loss of patients was great especially among the elderly and acutely operated patients.

Luottamuksen ilmeneminen alueellisissa yhteistyöverkostoissa

Appearance of trust in regional, co-operative networks In our times, the value of social networks has been widely acknowledged. One can say that it is important for private persons to get networked, whilst it is even a must for companies and organizations in business life. This doctor's thesis examines three co-operative regional networks. Networks are located in Western Uusimaa (Länsi-Uusimaa) region in southernmost Finland, and they had both public organizations and private companies as participants (later called ‘players’). Initially, all of them were co-financed from public funds, and two of them are still operational while writing this. The main target of these networks has been to act as learning networks. The learning network stands for an ensemble of research and development units and workplaces constituting a common forum for learning. The main focus in this study has been on qualitative and structural characteristics of the networks, and how they are relating with intrinsic trust. In addition to the development of trust, it has been studied, at what level organizational learning within the networks takes place, and lastly, what kind of factors facilitate the development of social capital. The theoretical framework for the study is built on analysing trust and social capital. It is a 'mission impossible' to find single definitions for such major concepts. In this study, from the research questions' point of view it has been more relevant to concentrate on the aspects of networking and the relationships between the participating organizations. The total view in this study is very network-centric, and therefore those theories which have similar point of view have been prioritized. Such is the theory about structural holes by Ronald S. Burt (1992). It has been widely applied; especially his views on constraints affecting players in networks. The purpose of this study has not been to create new theories or to analyse and compare thoroughly the existing theoretical trends. Instead, the existing theories have provided the study with conceptual tools, which have been utilized for supporting the empirical results. The aim has been to create an explanatory case study consisting relevant discussion on the relationship between the network characteristics and the appearance of trust. The conceptual categorization for confidence vs. trust created by Niklas Luhmann (1979) is another important theoretical building block. In most cases, co-operation in networks is initiated by people already trusting in each other and willing to work together. However, personal trust is not sufficient in the long run to sustain the co-operation within the network: more abstract systemic trust described by Luhmann must also emerge. In the networks with different structures and at different development phases, these forms of trust appear at different levels. In this study, Luhmann’s systemic trust as a term has been replaced by the concept of 'trust in network as a system'. Structural characteristics of a network (density, centrality, structural holes etc.) have been selected to explain the creation of social capital and trust. The ability to adapt new information is essential for the development of social capital. Qualitative analysis for development phase has been used, and the Learning Network Maturity Test by Leenamaija Otala (2000) and her work have been applied. Thus, the qualitative characteristics and the structural characteristics of the networks are utilized together, when the creation of social capital and appearance of trust are assessed. Social Network Analysis, questionnaires and interviews have been the research methods. Quantitative and qualitative data have been combined. There is a similarity in viewpoints to research data with Extensive Case Study method, in which different cases are searched by exploring various cases and comparing certain common features between them and generic models. Development of trust, social capital and organizational learning has been explained in the study by comparing the networks in hand. Being a case study, it doesn't have targets to provide with general results and findings like conventional surveys. However, in this work phenomena and mechanisms related to them are interpreted from the empirical data. Key finding of this study is that the networks with high structural equality and clear target setting enable building trust to the network as a system. When systemic trust is present, e.g. changes in personnel involved in the co-operation won't hinder the network from remaining operational. On the other hand, if the players are not well motivated to co-operate, if the network is extremely centralized structurally, or if the network has players holding very much more beneficial position compared to the others, systemic trust won't develop: trust tends to remain at the personal level, and is directed to some players only. Such networks won't generate results and benefits to its players, and most probably they won’t live very long. In other words, learning networks cannot solely be based on willingness to learn, but also on willingness to co-operate.

Undersökning, om Nyland och Tavastehus län, i anseende til dess, läge, vidd, climat, våhr-floder, sjöar och vatuleder, naturs förmåner och brister, näringar, folkrikhet, politie och cameral författningar. Andra delen : ... under ... Pehr Adrian Gadds inseende, utgifven och försvarad för lagerkrantsen af Samuel Gabriel Mellenius norr finne. I Åbo Acad. öfre lärosal före m. den [ ] Junii 1789.

Dedicated to: Helena Marg. Lybecker, née Hising.

Undersökning, om Nyland och Tavastehus län, i anseende til dess, läge, vidd, climat, våhr-floder, sjöar och vatuleder, naturs förmåner och brister, näringar, folkrikhet, politie och cameral författningar. Tredje delen : ... under ... Adrian Gadds inseende, utgifven och försvarad för lagerkrantsen af Carl Bergman, nylenninge, kongl. stip. I Åbo Acad. öfre lärosal förr mid. den 22 Junii 1789.

Dedicated to: Carl Ulner, Adam Ulner, Carolus Bergman.

Undersökning, om Nyland och Tavastehus län, i anseende til dess, läge, vidd, climat, våhr-floder, sjöar och vatuleder, naturs förmåner och brister, näringar, folkrikhet, politie och cameral författningar. Första delen : ... under ... Pehr Adrian Gadds inseende, utgifven och försvarad för lagerkrantsen af Hans Henric John tavastlänninge. I Åbo Acad. öfre lärosal före m. den 23 Maji 1789.

Bound with: Undersökning, om Nyland och Tavastehus län ... Andra delen / Samuel Gabriel Mellenius, and Undersökning, om Nyland och Tavastehus län ... Tredje delen / Carl Bergman. [Åbo] : tryckt i Frenckellska boktryckeriet, 1789.

Nujulan talkoopolkka

Kansansävelmä, Uusimaa: Tuusula.

Nujalan talkoopolkka : Harvest polka at Nujula.

Kansansävelmä, Uusimaa: Tuusula.

Kalojen elintila kaventunut Uudellamaalla : Rannikkovesien tila huolestuttava

Uudenmaan rannikkoalueet ovat voimakkaasti rehevöityneet. Saaristossa alusveden happipitoisuudet kääntyivät yleisesti jyrkkään laskuun 2000-luvulla ja tänä päivänä saariston pohjien pinta-alasta ja myös vesitilavuudesta huomattava osa on loppukesällä pohjaeläimille, kaloille ja eläinplanktonille elinkelvotonta happivajeen takia. Tapahtuneet muutokset ovat parantaneet useiden särkikalojen lisääntymisolosuhteita sisälahdilla samalla kun monien muiden kalalajien elinolosuhteet ulompana saaristossa ovat heikentyneet. Hapettomuudesta johtuva sisäinen ravinnekuormitus lienee tärkeä syy sille, että Uudenmaan saaristoalueiden vesien tilassa ei ole havaittavissa kohenemisen merkkejä. Käytännössä kotimaisen ravinnekuormituksen vähentämistoimenpiteet ovat olleet liian tehottomia.

Strategia vuosille 2012-2015 : Uudenmaan ELY-keskus : Aktiivinen toimija maaseudulta metropoliin

Uudenmaan ELY-keskuksen strategia vuosille 2012 - 2015.