Same-sex gaze attraction influences mate-choice copying in humans.

Mate-choice copying occurs when animals rely on the mating choices of others to inform their own mating decisions. The proximate mechanisms underlying mate-choice copying remain unknown. To address this question, we tracked the gaze of men and women as they viewed a series of photographs in which a potential mate was pictured beside an opposite-sex partner; the participants then indicated their willingness to engage in a long-term relationship with each potential mate. We found that both men and women expressed more interest in engaging in a relationship with a potential mate if that mate was paired with an attractive partner. Men and women's attention to partners varied with partner attractiveness and this gaze attraction influenced their subsequent mate choices. These results highlight the prevalence of non-independent mate choice in humans and implicate social attention and reward circuitry in these decisions.

Copying letters to patients with cystic fibrosis (CF): Letter content and patient perceptions of benefit

Background: Copying letters involves generating an extra copy of all correspondence between healthcare professionals about the patient, to the patient.

Photograph - Three photos of a Dog

Three photographs of a dog. In one photo he is sitting on a stone wall, in another, in front of a porch, and finally on top of a patio table.

Andy Vowles library photos 2009

Photos of the library by Andy Vowles

Maps, figures and photos for theses

This PowerPoint outlines the main points that you need to consider when adding figures to your thesis, including resolution, file format and copyright.

A copyright exception for private copying in the United Kingdom

This paper discusses the proposed copyright exception for private copying in the UK in the aftermath of the Hargreaves Review. It explores the options by which the exception shall retain a realistic scope without significantly impacting on the interests of the rightholders and addresses the concept of possible harm that may arise due to private copying. It concludes that an exception for copying of content legally owned by an individual to another medium or device for private use corresponds to consumers’ reasonable expectations without causing more than minimal harm to the rightholders’ interests and without requiring an accompanying introduction of a fair compensation scheme.

Executivos, gênero e smartphones: uma exploração quanto aos paradoxos tecnológicos e às copying strategies

Argumentando-se que as Tecnologias da Informação Móveis e Sem Fio (TIMS) vêm ocupando um espaço, cada vez maior, na vida dos indivíduos, e que, em função desta proximidade, novas formas de interação aparecem, este trabalho procurou aprofundar a relação entre Smartphones e Gênero. Fundamentado em abordagens teóricas relativas à existência de paradoxos associados ao uso de artefatos tecnológicos e às copying strategies adotadas pelos usuários, este estudo procurou identificar a existência e a intensidade de paradoxos associados ao uso diário de smartphones por executivos brasileiros, de ambos os sexos. O trabalho também procurou avaliar a forma como os executivos lidam com as possíveis ambiguidades vivenciadas em seus dia-a-dia. O método de estudo de caso múltiplo, cujos executivos eram as unidades de análise, foi aplicado junto a executivos mulheres e homens, usuários constantes da tecnologia smartphone e ocupantes de cargos de médio e alto escalão em grandes empresas brasileiras. A partir de um método de coleta misto – questionários, diários de uso e entrevistas em profundidade –, o trabalho teve o objetivo de aprofundar e refinar os estudos sobre paradoxos tecnológicos, bem como iniciar análises quanto à relação do gênero e esses mesmos paradoxos. Após a consolidação e análise dos dados obtidos, verificou-se que apenas parte dos 14 paradoxos tecnológicos apresentados por Mick e Fournier (1998), Jarvenppa e Lang (2005) e Mazmanin et al. (2006) foram associados à interação entre executivos e smartphones. Dos 6 paradoxos identificados, 2 foram exclusivamente relacionados às mulheres, sugerindo que as executivas percebem e vivenciam os paradoxos com mais intensidade do que seus pares masculinos. Os dados também revelaram que diantes das ambiguidades, os executivos mulheres e homens procuram adotar estratégias de enfrentamento, tentando desenvolver um relacionamento positivo e de parceria com seus artefatos. Ao final, as conclusões e implicações deste estudo são detalhadamente apresentadas.

Accuracy in dictation after improvement of reading and copying skills in a student with learning difficulties

The aim of this study was to use systematic teaching in a clinical setting using software to teach reading and writing in one boy with learning difficulties and obtain accurate performance in dictation. In the pre-test, the student showed good performance in matching-to-sample tasks (96% in matching printed words to dictated words; 88% in matching pictures to dictated words), although he obtained a low percentage of correct answers in the dictation of constructed responses (52%) and manuscripts (24%). The teaching strengthened the selection of printed words matched to dictated words and copying words. The student obtained 100% correct answers in the teaching tasks. In post-tests of dictation, he obtained 100% correct answers in constructed response and 96% correct answers in manuscripts. The results indicate that carefully teaching copying may promote accuracy in the performance of responding to minimal units in dictation tasks.

The Levy Runs Dry: A Legal and Economic Analysis of EU Private Copying Levies

This article provides a legal and economic analysis of private copying levies in the EU, against the background of the Copyright Directive (2001/29), a number of recent rulings by the European Court of Justice and the recommendations presented by mediator Vitorino earlier this year. It concludes that notwithstanding these rulings and recommendations, there remains a lack of concordance on the relevance of contractual stipulations and digital rights management technologies (DRM) for setting levies, and the concept of harm. While Mr Vitorino and AG Sharpston (in the Opinion preceding VG Wort v. Kyocera) use different lines of reasoning to argue that levies raised on authorised copies would lead to double payment, the Court of Justice’s decision in VG Wort v. Kyocera seems to conclude that such copies should nonetheless be levied. If levies are to provide fair compensation for harm resulting from acts of private copying, economic analysis suggests one should distinguish between various kinds of private copies and take account of the extent to which the value said copies have for consumers can be priced into the purchase. Given the availability of DRM (including technical protection measures), the possibility of such indirect appropriation leads to the conclusion that the harm from most kinds of private copies is de minimis and gives no cause for levies. The user value of copies from unauthorised sources (e.g. from torrent networks or cyber lockers), on the other hand, cannot be appropriated indirectly by rightholders. It is, however, an open question in references for preliminary rulings pending at the Court of Justice whether these copies are included in the scope of the private copying exception or limitation and can thus be levied for. If they are not, as currently happens in several EU Member States, legal and economic analysis leads to the conclusion that the scope of private copying acts giving rise to harm susceptible of justifying levies is gradually diminishing.