Color of berry and juice of 'Isabel' grape treated with abscisic acid in different ripening stages

Abstract : The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of (S)-cis-abscisic acid (S-ABA) application at different ripening stages, in increasing phenolic compounds and color of berry and juice of 'Isabel' grape (Vitis labrusca). The evaluated treatments were: control, without S-ABA application; 400 mg L-1S-ABA applied 7 days before veraison (DBV) + 400 mg L-1S-ABA at 35 days after first application (DAFA); 400 mg L-1S-ABA applied at veraison (V) + 400 mg L-1S-ABA at 35 DAFA; and 400 mg L-1S-ABA applied 7 days after veraison (DAV) + 400 mg L-1S-ABA at 35 DAFA. There was no difference among treatments regarding the physical characteristics of berries and clusters, as well as total polyphenols in berry and juice. However, there was an increase in total anthocyanins in berry and juice with S-ABA application. Colorimetric variables indicated the increase in color of berry treated with S-ABA. Juices produced from grapes treated with S-ABA were more appreciated by tasters. The treatments with 400 mg L-1S-ABA applied 7 days before, during, or 7 days after veraison, combined with an additional application 35 days after the first one, increment total anthocyanin concentration and color of berry and juice of 'Isabel' grape, with better juice acceptance, without affecting total polyphenol concentration.

Le Département : édition spéciale de"La Marseillaise du Berry"

1944/07.

Effect of extracts from citric biomass, rusted coffee leaves and coffee berry husks on Phoma costarricencis of coffee plants

Phoma leaf spot, caused by Phoma costarricensis poses a serious threat to coffee (Coffea arabica) production, especially in the highlands of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Extracts of citric biomass, coffee berry husks and coffee leaves severely affected by rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix, were evaluated against P. costarricensis. In an in vitro assay, aqueous extracts of rusted leaves and berry husks plus the commercial extracts based on citric biomass named Ecolife® and Agromil® were tested at various dilutions on the mycelial growth inhibition of P. costarricensis. In vivo, coffee seedlings maintained in glasshouse, were sprayed with these extracts seven days before inoculation of P. costarricensis. Only extracts from citric biomass had inhibitory effects on the fungus. In vivo, Ecolife® (5 ml/l), Agromil® (5 g/l) and the aqueous extract of rusted coffee leaves (dilution 1:6) reduced Phoma leaf spot. Both, Ecolife® and the extract of rusted coffee leaves were significantly more effective in reducing the area under the lesion progress curve when applied at lower doses, indicating a possible effect on the induction of resistance.

Berry polyphenol absorption and the effect of northern berries on metabolism, ectopic fat accumulation, and associated diseases

The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased at an alarming rate in developed countries. It seems in the light of current knowledge that metabolic syndrome may not develop at all without NAFLD, and NAFLD is estimated to be as common as metabolic syndrome in western population (23 % occurrence). Fat in the liver is called ectopic fat, which is triacylglycerols within the cells of non-adipose tissue. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values correlate positively with liver fat proportions, and increased activity of ALT predicts type 2 diabetes independently from obesity. Berries, high in natural bioactive compounds, have indicated the potential to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Ectopic fat induces common endocrine excretion of adipose tissue resulting in the overproduction of inflammatory markers, which further induce insulin resistance by multiple mechanisms. Insulin resistance inducing hyperinsulinemia and lipolysis in adipocytes increases the concentration of free fatty acids and consequently causes further fat accumulation in hepatocytes. Polyphenolic fractions of berries have been shown to reverse inflammatory reaction cascades in in vitro and animal studies, and moreover to decrease ectopic fat accumulation. The aim of this thesis was to explore the role of northern berries in obesity-related diseases. The absorption and metabolism of selected berry polyphenols, flavonol glycosides and anthocyanins, was investigated in humans, and metabolites of the studied compounds were identified in plasma and urine samples (I, II). Further, the effects of berries on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome were studied in clinical intervention trials (III, IV), and the different fractions of sea buckthorn berry were tested for their ability to reduce postprandial glycemia and insulinemia after high-glucose meal in a postprandial study with humans (V). The marked impact of mixed berries on plasma ALT values (III), as well as indications of the positive effects of sea buckthorn, its fractions and bilberry on omental adiposity and adhesion molecules (IV) were observed. In study V, sea buckthorn and its polyphenol fractions had a promising effect on potprandial metabolism after high-glucose meal. In the literature review, the possible mechanisms behind the observed effects have been discussed with a special emphasis on ectopic fat accumulation. The literature review indicated that especially tannins and flavonoids have shown potential in suppressing diverse reaction cascades related to systemic inflammation, ectopic fat accumulation and insulin resistance development.

Mechanical behavior of 'Niagara Rosada' grape berry detachment

The 'Niagara Rosada' grape is the main Brazilian table grape belonging to the Labrusca family. It develops medium, cylindrical and compact bunches with berries presenting a pinkish skin and a foxy flavor that is valued in the Brazilian market. These berries are tender and have a pedicel-berry connection provided by the vascular bundles and surrounding skin. This cultivar is very susceptible to berry drop mainly caused by vibration and senescence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal mechanical behavior of the pedicel-berry detachment, using resistance indexes extracted from traction force-deformation curves. Test results showed two different detachment types. In the first one, which exhibited higher average resistance, a considerable portion of the vascular bundle came out attached to the pedicel and in the second type; the vascular bundle was retained inside the berry. The proposed indexes based on maximum detachment force, force at 0.2; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.2 mm, and maximum force to corresponding deformation ratio did not discriminate the senescence of the berry.

Estudo das relações anatomocirúrgicas entre os nervos laríngeos recorrentes e o ligamento de Berry

OBJETIVO: Estudar as relações anatômicas do nervo laríngeo recorrente (NLR) com o ligamento de Berry (LB), e assinalar as diferentes formas de apresentação das relações entre essas duas estruturas. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado a partir da dissecção cervical anterior de 22 cadáveres, nos anos de 2009 e 2010, com estabelecimento das frequências de apresentações anatômicas das relações entre o NLR e o ligamento de Berry, na seguinte categorização: Tipo I ou intraligamentar: o nervo e/ou seus ramos eram visualizados na substância conjuntiva do ligamento; Tipo IIA ou lateral: nervo e/ou seus ramos apresentavam-se laterais ao ligamento; Tipo IIB ou lateral justaligamentar: nervo e/ou seus ramos estavam laterais e em contato com o ligamento, sem penetrá-lo; Tipo III ou medial: nervo e/ou seus ramos eram visualizados após a dissecção completa do ligamento em direção látero-medial. RESULTADOS: O estudo analisou 41 NLR, sendo: oito (19,5%) do Tipo I; 20 (48,8%) do Tipo IIA; cinco (12,2%) Tipo IIB e oito (19,5%) do Tipo III. Dos 19 (86,3%) NLR dissecados bilateralmente no mesmo cadáver, 11 (57,8%) eram discordantes em relação ao outro lado do pescoço quanto à classificação. CONCLUSÃO: Pela sua proximidade com o NLR e pelas variáveis anatômicas dessa topografia, o ligamento de Berry não deve ser considerado um parâmetro seguro para reparo e preservação do nervo laríngeo recorrente, não sendo recomendada a dissecção indiscriminada látero-medial do ligamento, sem a visualização direta do nervo.

Le livre de la description des pays / de Gilles Le Bouvier, dit Berry... ; publié pour la première fois avec une introduction et des notes, et suivi de l'"Itinéraire brugeois" et de la "Table de Velletri" et de plusieurs autres documents géographiques, inédits ou mal connus du XVe siècle, recueillis et commentés par le Dr E.-T. Hamy,...

Collection : Recueil de voyages et de documents pour servir à l'histoire de la géographie depuis le XIIIe siècle jusqu'à la fin du XVIe siècle ; 22

Le livre de la description des pays / de Gilles Le Bouvier, dit Berry... ; publié pour la première fois avec une introduction et des notes, et suivi de l'"Itinéraire brugeois" et de la "Table de Velletri" et de plusieurs autres documents géographiques, inédits ou mal connus du XVe siècle, recueillis et commentés par le Dr E.-T. Hamy,...

Collection : Recueil de voyages et de documents pour servir à l'histoire de la géographie depuis le XIIIe siècle jusqu'à la fin du XVIe siècle ; 22

Recueil de pièces, manuscrites et imprimées, mémoires, actes royaux, comptes, suppliques, etc., concernant le Béarn, la Navarre, le pays de Soule, le Dauphiné, la Bresse, la Bourgogne, la Lorraine, le Ponthieu, la Normandie et le Berry.

Contient : Pièces relatives au Béarn, et principalement à la réunion du Béarn à la Couronne de France (f. 1), — et au pays de Soule (f. 45). — Navarre, etc. : Supplique orig. des députés des Trois États de la Basse-Navarre (f. 77) ; Pièces diverses, comptes, etc., concernant le domaine de Navarre, notamment : « Estat des sommes que le Roy veult et entend estre doresnavant paiées aux gens de son Conseil d'Estat et privé de ses maison et finances de Navarre et ancien domaine...», 1607 ; « Advis de ce qui se peult faire pour la réduction des officiers de la maison de Navarre et Béarn... » ; Baux du domaine de Navarre ; Pièces relatives aux revenus ecclésiastiques du Béarn ; « Estat de la recepte et despence du domaine de la maison de Navarre, pour l'année 1619 » ; « Mémoire du nomé Du BOURG, touchant les forests de l'antien domaine de Navarre, au resort de Thoulouze » ; Copies d'actes de Henri IV ; Mémoire orig., signé Hurault « de Maisse », concernant une adjudication de l'ancien domaine de Navarre ; Pièces relatives à Bayonne (f. 218), — à Tartas (f. 222), — à Saint-Béat (f. 224), — à Blaye (f. 226). — Dauphiné : « Extrait d'un Registre aux archifs de la Chambre des Comptes et Cour des Finances du Dauphiné, institué [intitulé] Homagia Chalançonis , 1489 et 1490 » (f. 250) ; Pièces relatives à la Bresse (f. 260). — Bourgogne : « Du duché de Bourgogne, et de ceux qui l'ont tenue et possédée... » (f. 282). — Lorraine : « Mémoire au Roy..., des choses qui ce sont passées au gouvernement et ville de Toul » [contre le sieur de Vannes], orig. signé « Vuiry » (f. 294) ; « Remonstrances qu'il fault faire au Roy, pour conserver la ville de Toul en son obéissance... » ; Copie d'un acte de Charles-Quint, 1521 ; Pièces relatives à l'évêché de Metz (f. 316), — notamment, actes orig. de Georges de Bade, évêque de Metz, 1473 (f. 318 et 351) ; « Articles proposez au nom du Roy par Mr [Louis] d'Auzance à Mr le cardinal de Lorraine, pour le suject de la ville et ecclésiastiques de Metz, avec les responses dudict cardinal..., 1565 » ; « Mémoire pour la ville de Verdun, et comme elle est venue souz l'obéissance du Roy... » ; Pièce concernant Épinal, 1463 (f. 349). — Ponthieu : Extraits relatifs à l'abbaye de Sain t-Josse-aux-Bois (f. 352) ; Prisée du comté de Boulogne, 1477 (f. 356). — Normandie : Copie d'un arrêt du Parlement de Rouen, 1643 (f. 374). — Berry : Copie d'un acte de Charles VII pour Issoudun, 1423 (f. 440)

Une incursion anglaise en Poitou en novembre 1412 : mélanges XVe et XVIe siècles : compte d'une aide de 10.000 écus accordée au duc de Berry pour résister à cette incursion / par René Lacour,...

Collection : Archives historiques du Poitou ; XLVIII