Atividade antimicrobiana da violaceína em linhagens isoladas de mastite bovina

Violacein is a deeply violet pigment produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, an ubique tropical and subtropical bacterium. This molecule presents many biological activities including antimicrobial, antimycotic, antiviral, antiprotozoal and antitumoral. Important reports pointed to a considerable bactericide activity, which brings an extremely necessary quest. This work evaluated the resistance of some bacterias of interest veterinary. It was obtained significant inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus came from bovine mastitis. It was also obtained important synergic relations when violacein and penicillin or cloranphenicol are combined

Atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória da hesperidina glicosilada em camundongos submetidos a dieta indutora do estado pró-inflamatório

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da atividade quimiopreventiva da substância Morelloflavona isolada de Garcinia xanthochymus

Câncer é o nome dado a um conjunto de mais de 100 doenças que têm em comum o crescimento desordenado (maligno) de células que invadem tecidos e órgãos, podendo espalhar-se (metástase) para outras regiões do corpo. Dividindo-se rapidamente, estas células tendem a ser muito agressivas e incontroláveis, determinando a formação de tumores (acúmulo de células cancerosas) ou neoplasias malignas. As causas de câncer são variadas, podendo ser externas ou internas ao organismo, estando inter-relacionadas. As causas externas referem-se ao meio ambiente e aos hábitos ou costumes próprios de uma sociedade. As causas internas são, na maioria das vezes, geneticamente pré-determinadas, e estão ligadas à capacidade do organismo de se defender das agressões externas (Sistema Imunológico ou acúmulo de mutações no DNA). A compreensão dos exatos mecanismos e a tentativa de inativar genes ou impedir as ações tóxicas de substâncias contribuirá para a elucidação de diversos pontos importantes para o entendimento da carcinogênese e, portanto, para novas estratégias de tratamento e de prevenção do câncer. O presente estudo tem como objetivo, avaliar o efeito da substância pura, morelloflavona, isolada da folha de Garcinia xanthochymus, planta típica do Cerrado no Estado de São Paulo, conhecida por sua variada atividade biológica (analgésica, antibacteriana, antioxidante, antiviral e antitumoral) devido aos seus grupos de metabólitos: xantonas, flavonóides, fenóis e acridonas. Assim, foram realizados: o ensaio da Quinona Redutase em paralelo com o ensaio do Violeta Cristal para análise da viabilidade celular em células de hepatocarcinoma murino (Hepa 1c1c7); o ensaio de Sulforrodamina B para análise da viabilidade celular em células de hepatocarcinoma humano (HepG2) e o ensaio do Cometa nos protocolos de genotoxicidade e antigenotoxicidade em células... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Prospecção fitoquímica de ativos em extratos e frações originados de folhas de Azadirachta indica A. JUSS. visando atividade antimicrobiana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Síntese e atividade anti-HCV, anti-candida e antibacteriana de nitrochalconas

Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE

Unravelling the maze : Hepatitis C, psychosocial factors and access to antiviral therapy

In this paper we present an examination of the literature on the psychosocial aspects of hepatitis C (HCV), and ask what are the implications for patients and clinicians regarding access to treatment? Hepatitis C (HCV) is a blood-borne communicable disease that was identified in 1988. In Australia, an estimated 217,000 people live with HCV. The virus causes serious liver inflammation, can lead to liver cirrhosis and a small percentage of sufferers will develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Reports about the psychosocial aspects of HCV appeared from around 1994 indicating a similar set of societal responses to people with HIV; stigmatisation and discrimination. A number of calls were made for the establishment of counselling and support services to address the specific mental health needs of people with HCV. We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 2002-2012 about the psychosocial aspects of HCV and its relationship to access to treatment and identified a number of key issues that suggest the anticipated progress in this area has not been made. The majority of people with HCV already experience marginalisation, and the diagnosis of HCV further compounds their marginalisation through stigma and discrimination and complicates clinical decision-making around treatment. We conclude that the need for mental health services that are capable of addressing the complexities of the psychosocial aspects of HCV remains. Concomitantly, primary care clinicians require greater clarity and consistency about the clinical guidelines for HCV to meet the increasing expectations on them to deliver comprehensive patient management within primary care. (248 words)

Hepatitis C, mental health and equity of access to antiviral therapy : a systematic narrative review

Introduction Access to hepatitis C (hereafter HCV) antiviral therapy has commonly excluded populations with mental health and substance use disorders because they were considered as having contraindications to treatment, particularly due to the neuropsychiatric effects of interferon that can occur in some patients. In this review we examined access to HCV interferon antiviral therapy by populations with mental health and substance use problems to identify the evidence and reasons for exclusion. Methods We searched the following major electronic databases for relevant articles: PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria comprised studies of adults aged 18 years and older, peer-reviewed articles, date range of (2002--2012) to include articles since the introduction of pegylated interferon with ribarvirin, and English language. The exclusion criteria included articles about HCV populations with medical co-morbidities, such as hepatitis B (hereafter HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (hereafter HIV), because the clinical treatment, pathways and psychosocial morbidity differ from populations with only HCV. We identified 182 articles, and of these 13 met the eligibility criteria. Using an approach of systematic narrative review we identified major themes in the literature. Results Three main themes were identified including: (1) pre-treatment and preparation for antiviral therapy, (2) adherence and treatment completion, and (3) clinical outcomes. Each of these themes was critically discussed in terms of access by patients with mental health and substance use co-morbidities demonstrating that current research evidence clearly demonstrates that people with HCV, mental health and substance use co-morbidities have similar clinical outcomes to those without these co-morbidities. Conclusions While research evidence is largely supportive of increased access to interferon by people with HCV, mental health and substance use co-morbidities, there is substantial further work required to translate evidence into clinical practice. Further to this, we conclude that a reconsideration of the appropriateness of the tertiary health service model of care for interferon management is required and exploration of the potential for increased HCV care in primary health care settings.

Preparation and characterization of immunoliposomes for targeting of antiviral agents

Antibodies specific to avian myeloblastosis virus envelope glycoprotein gp80 were raised. Immunoliposomes were prepared using anti-avian myeloblastosis virus envelope glycoprotein gp80 antibody. The antibody was palmitoylated to facilitate its incorporation into lipid bilayers of liposomes. The fluorescence emission spectra of palmitoylated IgG have exhibited a shift in emission maximum from 330 to 370 nm when it was incorporated into the liposomes. At least 50% of the incorporated antibody molecules were found to be oriented towards the outside in the liposomes. The average size of the liposome was found to be 300 A, and on an average, 15 antibody molecules were shown to be present in a liposome. When adriamycin encapsulated in immunoliposomes was incubated in a medium containing serum for 72 h, about 75% of the drug was retained in liposomes. In vivo localization studies, revealed an enhanced delivery of drug encapsulated in immunoliposomes to the target tissue, as compared to free drug or drug encapsulated in free liposomes. These data suggest a possible use of the drugs encapsulated in immunoliposomes to deliver the drugs in target areas, thereby reducing side effects caused by antiviral agents.

Ribosome-RNA interaction: a potential target for developing antiviral against hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of Flaviviridae, encoding a positive-sense single-stranded RNA translates by cap-independent mechanism using the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) present in the 5' UTR of the virus. The IRES has complex stem loop structures and is capable of recruiting the 40S ribosomal subunit in a factor-independent fashion. As the IRES sequence is highly conserved throughout the HCV genotypes and the translation is the first obligatory step of the HCV life cycle, the IRE'S-mediated translation, or more specifically, the ribosome HCV RNA interaction is an attractive target to design effective antivirals. This article will focus on the mechanism of the HCV IRES translation and the various ways in which the interaction of ribosome and IRES has been targeted.

A reserva estatal de atividade econômica e a propriedade do petróleo e do gás natural

A partir de uma pesquisa histórica sobre a regulação da atividade petrolífera nacional, constatou-se que as jazidas de petróleo e de gás natural são bens públicos cuja exploração é constitucionalmente reservada ao Estado. Ademais, a delegação da exploração desses bens, por meio de concessão ou de partilha de produção, mantém a propriedade estatal desses recursos naturais.