Leopold Landsberger with other unidentified soldiers standing inside and around a hot air balloon at Verdun, France.

Digital Image

Eutrophication in the River Meuse

The severe problems caused by large phytoplankton populations in the River Meuse date back to the beginning of the 1980s. However, no clear relationship can be established between an increase of algal growth and dissolved nutrient concentrations, at least in the Belgian part of the river. Most probably, plankton algae start developing in France, utilizing large inputs of phosphorus from some of the tributaries: this point will be investigated further, as well as the effect of a reduction in the releases of phosphorus. A mathematical model helps to understand the main factors which control algal growth: underwater light, temperature, discharge and grazing by zooplankton. The last is a major loss process in summer and, as shown by recent observations, may trigger a seasonal succession leading to dominance by large phytoplankton taxa. With regard to water quality, eutrophication is a major problem in drinking-water treatment (filter clogging, etc.) and large numbers of decomposing algae may adversely affect the oxygen budget of the river. On the other hand, algal photosynthesis is the most important oxygen source at periods of low discharge, and reduced algal production may result in dramatic oxygen decreases in heavily polluted stretches of the river.

Trends in heavy metal levels in the dissolved and particulate phase in the Dutch rhine-meuse (MAAS) delta*

Levels of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, in both the dissolved and particulate phase, were determined in two sampling campaigns in August 1978 and August 1984 in the Dutch Rhine-Meuse (Maas) Delta. Besides the heavy metal concentrations, other important parameters were determined, such as the concentrations of seston, chlorophyll and nutrients. The concentrations of dissolved Cd and of Cd, Pb and Cu in particulate matter were much higher in 1978 than in 1984, especially for Cd. This may be due to the strict regulations implemented in Germany to reduce the pollution of natural waters by heavy metals. The correlation between the high Cd content and the chlorophyll content is explained by the binding of Cd to living and dead organisms. The distribution of the metals between the dissolved and the particulate phase, indicated by the distribution quotient Kd , increases from low values of Kd for Cu and Zn, to higher values for Cd and Cr, and the highest values for Pb. The differences are explained by various binding forms of each of these metals in natural waters

Compte rendu à la Convention nationale de la mission aux armées du Nord et de Sambre et Meuse, depuis le 9 fructidor de l'an deuxième jusqu'au 11 ventôse de l'an troisième ([Reprod.]) / par le représentant du peuple Frecine,... ; impr. par ordre de la Convention nationale

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 11.1a.248

Recueil de pièces et de « mémoires concernant Chasteauregnault »-sur-Meuse. (1575-1632).

Ce recueil paraît avoir été formé par [Georges ?] Galland, conseiller d'État de Louise-Marguerite de Lorraine, princesse de Conti, en ses « souverainetés d'outre et deça la rivière de Meuze ». Copies collationnées, actes divers, procès-verbaux, actes d'échange, etc. — On y remarque : Actes de Henri III, 1577-1578 (fol. 19 et suiv.), — de Henri IV, 1605-1606 (fol. 87, etc.), — et de Louis XIII, 1610-1632 (fol. 99, etc.) ; — « Estat du revenu du domaine de Son Altesse [la princesse de Conti] pour l'année 1624 » (fol. 101) ; — « Déclaration généralle... des terres souveraines de madame la princesse de Conti », 1629 (fol. 117). Table des pièces en tête du volume. Au feuillet II recto, la signature de « Georges Galland », à qui sont dus les titres des pièces.

Les capetiens et la France feodale depuis le traite de Verdun jusqu'a la mort de Philippe-Auguste

UANL