Calendario para el Reyno de Valencia...: Año 1822

Microfilme. Valencia: BV, ca. 1990

Journal of a voyage to Brazil and residence there, during part of the years 1821, 1822, 1823

Maria Graham, escritora inglesa, nasceu perto de Papscastle em 19 d e junho de 1785 e morreu em Londres, em 28 de novembro de 1842. Casada com o capitão Thomas Graham comandante da fragata Doris fez em sua companhia a sua primeira viagem ao Brasil, em 1821, quando se dirigia ao Chile. Em 1824, já viúva, retornou ao Rio de Janeiro como preceptora de D. Maria da Glória, filha do Imperador D. Pedro I e de Dona Leopoldina. Permaneceu no país até setembro de 1825, quando retornou para Londres por motivos políticos. Mais tarde, casou-se com Augustus Earle Calcott e passou a assinar suas obras literárias como Lady Calcott. ‘Journal of a voyage to Brazil’ relata as viagens da autora ao Brasil. Descreve o país, seus habitantes e os costumes das diferentes classes sociais, principalmente em Pernambuco, na Bahia e no Rio de Janeiro. Constitui importante fonte de informações sobre a época da independência e uma das melhores publicações do século XIX. As ilustrações, com desenhos da autora, são excelentes. De acordo com Borba de Moraes ‘a Catholic University Library em Washington (Oliveira Lima Collection) possui um exemplar que pertenceu à própria autora, onde ela fez correções e anotações para uma segunda edição, mas que nunca chegou a ser publicada. Essas anotações são muito importantes, sobretudo para a história da revolução de Pernambuco e a atuação de Cochrane. Quanto aos acontecimentos de sua vinda ao Rio de Janeiro como preceptora de Dona Maria da Glória, existe um diário que foi publicado por Rodolfo Garcia com preciosas notas e prefácio no volume 60 dos Anais da Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, assim como uma biografia de D. Pedro I e correspondência entre Maria Graham e a Imperatriz’

Collecção das Leis do Imperio do Brazil de 1822

Parte 1 - Leis das Cortes Gerais Extraordinárias e Constituintes da Nação Portuguesa

Synopsis of biological data on the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792), and the jewfish, E. itajara (Lichenstein, 1822)

Information on the biology, fishery resources, explotiation patterns, management, and conservation status of two species of grouper-the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus, and the jewfish, Epinephelus itajara-is compiled, reviewed, and analyzed. (PDF file contains 68 pages.)

Carta que dirigio a Sua Magestade o Senhor D. João VI em data de 22 de setembro de 1822 o Principe Real

A última carta que D. Pedro dirigiu a seu pai traz um trecho que justifica o cuidado das Cortes em não divulgar esses documentos, além do necessário para informar os deputados. Diz ele: "hei por bem declarar tods os decretos preteridos dessas facciosas,orrorosas, machiavélicas,desorganizadoras, ediondas e pestiferas Cortes, nullos, irritos e enexequiveis". Adiante, diz: "Triunfa e triunfará a Independência Brasílica ou a morte nos hade custar".

Cartas e documentos dirigidos a Sua Magestade o Senhor D. João VI pelo Principe Real o Senhor D. Pedro de Alcântara : e que forão presentes às Cortes em a Sessão de 28 de septembro de 1822

A carta na qual Dom Pedro comunica a Independência do Brasil é datada de 26 de setembro de 1822 e contém a ata da sua aclamação como Imperador Constitucional e Defensor Perpétuo do Brasil.

Preliminary study on the natural extenders for artificial breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

The objective of the present study was to determine the most suitable extender and their respective dilution ratios for African catfish sperm for artificial induced breeding and cryopreservation purposes. Three natural extenders were tested i.e. coconut water, sugarcane water and soybean solutions, at three different levels of sperm to extender dilutions of 1:20, 1:30 and 1:40. While Ringer solution was used as a control Diluted sperm were fertilized with ready isolated eggs to assess the fertility and hatching rate at 0, 6 and 12 hour intervals. The results showed that the eggs hatched approximately 19 to 27 hours after fertilization. In general, the fertilization and hatching rates decreased with increasing dilution ratio. With respect to natural extenders, the coconut water showed the highest fertility and hatching rates at 1:20 dilution ratio. Therefore, coconut water at 1:20 dilution ratio was the optimal condition for African catfish spermatozoa among the natural extenders investigated.

Successful handstripping of hatchery bred and reared male African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

A total of 45 Male and 5 female Clarias gariepinus bred and reared in the hatchery in sunning for one year were obtained for this experiment. The fish were then housed separately according to their sexes and maintained on trout diet at 10% body weight for two days before they were subjected to induction. These were then induced using both human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG - 500iu) and carp pituitary suspension (CPS -3mg kg super(-1) suspended in 0.9% saline) either as priming or resolving doses. The milt produced was used to fertilize eggs tripped from females. The results indicated high milt production, motility and fertility in most males

The analysis of dieldrin residues in the brain, liver and muscles of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) chronically exposed to dieldrin

Mature adult Clarias gariepinus were obtained at the ABRU hatchery in Sonning (UK), where they had beenbred and reared for several years. These were exposed to two concentrations of dieldrin in water (2.4 mu g super(-1) and 4.0 mu g super(-1). The residue analysis of diedrin in three tissues exposed for on moth at two concentrations was carried out. These were subjected to GLC analytical process. The results indicated significantly (P<0.05) higher residues in liver than in muscle and brain. The results also showed that residue levels were dependant on exposure concentration

Length-weight relationship and organ indices of pond raised and wild population of C. gariepinus (Burchell 1822) pisces-Claridae

Samples of C. gariepinus collected from the wild and cultured populations in Plateau and Niger States of Nigeria were analyzed for length-weight relationship and organ indices (Gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), renalsomatic index (RSI) and somatic fat deposit index (PDI). High correlation and linear relationship between body length and body weight was observed in all sample population (P<0.05). A significant difference was observed between the GSI of males and females of both wild and cultured population and also between females of the wild and cultured population,(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in HSI, CSI RSI and PDI of all the sample populations (P < 0.05).The importance of length-weight relationship and organ indices in fish production are discussed

Effect of darting phenomenon of African catfish Heterobranchus longifilis (Burchell 1822) on growth performance of Nile tilapia: Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Replicate Ponds of 0.02ha stocked at 500 catfishes with 20,000 tilapia/ha were used to assess growth performance of O.niloticus, average weight 50.4g with (i) darted catfish; H.longifilis (shooters) average weight 60.3g (ii) non-shooters of H.longifilis, average weight 35.4g. Final mean weight, mean growth rate, specific growth rate and food conversion ratio were 499.5g 26g/day, 1.36% and 5.58% respectively for O.niloticus stocked with longifilis (shooters and 440.4g 2.3g/day 1.23% and 5.58% respectively for O.niloticus stocked withH.longifilis (non- shooters) and 246.9g, 1.2g/day, 0.93, 6.30% respectively for tilapia in monoculture. The least growth was noted for O. niloticus in monoculture while the best growth was recorded O. niloticus in polyculture with darted catfish

Effect of salinity on growth and survival of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822): Clariidae fry

The effect of different salinity levels on the growth and survival of Clarais gariepinus fry was studied in indoor hatchery system for a period of three weeks. 1000 Clarias gariepinus fry of an average weight 0.37~c0.06g were stocked at 100 fry in five replicated 20 liters plastic bowls. Five salinity levels of 0.2, 0.4, 1.1, 2.1 and 4.2ppt were tested. The results indicated that significant difference P~.0.05 highest weight gain of 0.89~c0.05g was presented by fry in 0.2ppt medium. All fry raised in 4.2ppt died within 24 hours. No significant difference P~,0.05 in weight gain is presented in fry raised in 0.2ppt-2.1ppt. From this study, the weight gain decreases with increase in salinity. Also the survival rate decreases from 0.2ppt to 1.1ppt raised fry while the lowest significant difference P~.0.05 survivals were presented in fry raised in 2.1 and 4.2ppt. Based on these results and foregoing, salinity rate of 0.4ppt is favourable for growth and survival of C.gariepinus fry

Effect of darting phenomenon of African catfish Heterobranchus longifilis (Burchell 1822) on growth performance of Nile tilapia: Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Replicate Ponds of 0.02ha stocked at 500 catfishes with 20,000 tilapia/ha were used to assess growth performance of O.niloticus, average weight 50.4g with (i) darted catfish; H.longifilis (shooters) average weight 60.3g (ii) non-shooters of H.longifilis, average weight 35.4g. Final mean weight, mean growth rate, specific growth rate and food conversion ratio were 499.5g 26g/day, 1.36% and 5.58% respectively for O.niloticus stocked with longifilis (shooters) and 440.4g 2.3g/day 1.23% and 5.58% respectively for O.niloticus stocked with H.longifilis (non- shooters) and 246.9g, 1.2g/day, 0.93, 6.30% respectively for tilapia in monoculture. The least growth was noted for O. niloticus in monoculture while the best growth was recorded O. niloticus in polyculture with darted catfish

Marinheiros para o Brasil: o recrutamento para a marinha de guerra imperial (1822-1870)

O recrutamento militar para a Marinha de Guerra brasileira, entre 1822 a 1870, foi marcado por importantes mudanças políticas no Império. Foi um fenômeno social, parte integrante, da constituição da classe dirigente do período, a classe senhorial, e do Estado Imperial. O recrutamento tinha por regulamento a lei de 10 de julho de 1822 que liberava do tributo, os trabalhadores empregados nas principais atividades econômicas, além daqueles que estava sob a proteção de algum poder local. Essas condições deixavam a prestação do serviço aos desempregados, vadios, desvalidos e criminosos, fazendo que a Marinha cumprisse um papel também prisional, em eu castigos físicos era a regra de punição. A Marinha de Guerra, após os primeiros anos da independência dependeu enormemente do engajamento de estrangeiros. Na Regência, surgiram as primeiras ações para a nacionalização da força armada, com o recrutamento de menores e indígenas. Em 1840, no início do Segundo Reinado, foi criado o Corpo de Imperiais Marinheiros, que expandiu-se pelo Brasil, a partir de 1855. Essas ações representaram iniciativas de instrução para a profissionalização dos marinheiros brasileiros no Império.