A paz nos instrumentos de organização da informação: uma análise dos conceitos de paz e guerra, da cultura de paz e dos estudos para a paz na Classificação Decimal Dewey

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fringe Types and KOS Systematics: Examining the Limits of the Population Perspective of Knowledge Organization Systems

We find ourselves, after the close of the twentieth century, looking back at a mass of responses to the knowledge organization problem. Many institutions, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification (Furner, 2007), have grown up to address it. Increasingly, many diverse discourses are appropriating the problem and crafting a wide variety of responses. This includes many artistic interpretations of the act and products of knowledge organization. These surface as responses to the expressive power or limits of the Library and Information Studies institutions (e.g., DDC) and their often primarily utilitarian gaze.One way to make sense of this diversity is to approach the study from a descriptive stance, inventorying the population of types of KOS. This population perspective approaches the phenomenon of types and boundaries of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) as one that develops out of particular discourses, for particular purposes. For example, both DDC and Martianus Capella, a 5th Century encyclopedist, are KOS in this worldview. Both are part of the population of KOS. Approaching the study of KOS from the population perspective allows the researcher a systematic look at the diversity emergent at the constellation of different factors of design and implementation. However, it is not enough to render a model of core types, but we have to also consider the borders of KOS. Fringe types of KOS inform research, specifically to the basic principles of design and implementation used by others outside of the scholarly and professional discourse of Library and Information Studies.Four examples of fringe types of KOS are presented in this paper. Applying a rubric developed in previous papers, our aim here is to show how the conceptual anatomy of these fringe types relates to more established KOS, thereby laying bare the definitions of domain, purpose, structure, and practice. Fringe types, like Beghtol’s examples (2003), are drawn from areas outside of Library and Information Studies proper, and reflect the reinvention of structures to fit particular purposes in particular domains. The four fringe types discussed in this paper are (1) Roland Barthes’ text S/Z which “indexes” a text of an essay with particular “codes” that are meant to expose the literary rhythm of the work; (2) Mary Daly’s Wickedary, a reference work crafted for radical liberation theology – and specifically designed to remove patriarchy from the language used by what the author calls “wild women”; (3) Luigi Serafini’s Codex Seraphinianus a work of book art that plays on the trope of universal encyclopedia and back-of- the book index; and (4) Martinaus Capella – and his Marriage of Mercury and Philology, a fifth century encyclopedia. We compared these using previous analytic taxonomies (Wright, 2008; Tennis, 2006; Tudhope, 2006, Soergel, 2001, Hodge, 2000).

Ontology-based specific and exhaustive user profiles for constraint information fusion for multi-agents

Intelligent agents are an advanced technology utilized in Web Intelligence. When searching information from a distributed Web environment, information is retrieved by multi-agents on the client site and fused on the broker site. The current information fusion techniques rely on cooperation of agents to provide statistics. Such techniques are computationally expensive and unrealistic in the real world. In this paper, we introduce a model that uses a world ontology constructed from the Dewey Decimal Classification to acquire user profiles. By search using specific and exhaustive user profiles, information fusion techniques no longer rely on the statistics provided by agents. The model has been successfully evaluated using the large INEX data set simulating the distributed Web environment.

XML na ciência da informação: uma análise do MARC21

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Implications of the Adoption of BISAC for Classifying Library Collections

We analysed the written statements of libraries that have adopted the bookstore model for coherence or lack of coherence with common public library guidelines. We used a text-based Foucauldian genealogical discourse analysis to investigate the written statements used by libraries that have adopted BISAC and other aspects of the bookstore model. Libraries adopting bookstore models such as BISAC should consider the potential consequences of adopting a commercial model for a public entity. This paper has practical implications for libraries considering adopting any aspect of the bookstore model, but especially the BISAC system, as it examines the potential benefits and drawbacks of the bookstore model popular in some libraries with respect to the purposes and goals of public libraries. BISAC application in libraries seems to be part of a trend of applying commercial practices, values and terminology in libraries, perhaps not with the purpose of replacing libraries with bookstores, but with the aim for both systems to converge into a new kind of commercial entity and context. The influence of one kind of system over the other does not seem to be totally reciprocal, since the application of library practices, values and standards in bookstores has not had the same effects and resonance as has occurred in the opposite direction.

Classed subject catalog.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sailkapen Hamartar Unibertsala eskola curriculumetan : unibertsitatekoak ez diren eskoletako liburutegietan fondoak gaiz gai antolatzeko jarraibideak. 'La Clasificación Decimal Universal en los curriculos escolares'.

Resumen tomado de la web del Departamento de Educación

La Clasificación Decimal Universal en los Currículos Escolares : instrucciones para la organización temática de los fondos bibliográficos de las bibliotecas educativas no universitarias.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

The builder's complete assistant, or, A library of arts and sciences, absolutely necessary to be understood by builders and workmen in general : viz. I. Arithmetick, vulgar and decimal, in whole numbers and fractions. II. Geometry, lineal, superficial, and solid. III. Architecture, universal. IV. Mensuration. V. Plain trigonometry. VI. Surveying of land, &c. VII. Mechanick powers. VIII. Hydrostaticks : illustrated by above thirteen hundred examples of lines, superficies, solids, mouldings, pedestals, columns, pilasters, entablatures, pediments, imposts, block cornices, rustick quoins, frontispieces, arcades, porticos, &c. : proportioned by modules and minutes, according to Andrea Palladio, and by equal parts : likewise great varieties of trussed roofs, timber bridges, centerings, arches, groins, twisted rails, compartments, obelisks, vases, pedestals for bustos, sun-dials, fonts, &c. and methods for raising heavy bodies by the force of levers, pulleys, axes in peritrochio, screws, and wedges, as also water, by the common pump, crane, etc. : wherein the properties, and pressure of the air on water, &c. are explained : the whole exemplified by 77 large quarto copper-plates /

All of the numbered plates in the atlas are double plates, and thus are counted twice in the adjusted plate count.

Descriptive catalogue of the Medical Museum of McGill University arranged on a modified decimal system of museum classification

Blank numbered pages at end of sections.

A Classification of Homogeneous Operators in the Cowen-Douglas Class

A complete list of homogeneous operators in the Cowen-Douglas class B-n(D) is given. This classification is obtained from an explicit realization of all the homogeneous Hermitian holomorphic vector bundles on the unit disc under the action of the universal covering group of the bi-holomorphic automorphism group of the unit disc.

Pruned Universal Symbol Sequences for LZW based Language identification

We present a improved language modeling technique for Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) based LID scheme. The previous approach to LID using LZW algorithm prepares the language pattern table using LZW algorithm. Because of the sequential nature of the LZW algorithm, several language specific patterns of the language were missing in the pattern table. To overcome this, we build a universal pattern table, which contains all patterns of different length. For each language it's corresponding language specific pattern table is constructed by retaining the patterns of the universal table whose frequency of appearance in the training data is above the threshold.This approach reduces the classification score (Compression Ratio [LZW-CR] or the weighted discriminant score[LZW-WDS]) for non native languages and increases the LID performance considerably.

Robust classification of SAR imagery

In this work the G(A)(0) distribution is assumed as the universal model for amplitude Synthetic Aperture (SAR) imagery data under the Multiplicative Model. The observed data, therefore, is assumed to obey a G(A)(0) (alpha; gamma, n) law, where the parameter n is related to the speckle noise, and (alpha, gamma) are related to the ground truth, giving information about the background. Therefore, maps generated by the estimation of (alpha, gamma) in each coordinate can be used as the input for classification methods. Maximum likelihood estimators are derived and used to form estimated parameter maps. This estimation can be hampered by the presence of corner reflectors, man-made objects used to calibrate SAR images that produce large return values. In order to alleviate this contamination, robust (M) estimators are also derived for the universal model. Gaussian Maximum Likelihood classification is used to obtain maps using hard-to-deal-with simulated data, and the superiority of robust estimation is quantitatively assessed.

Universal and language-specific patterns of categorisation

Previous work on object classification preferences shows that speakers of languages that lack morphological plural marking (like Yucatec and Japanese) display a tendency to match objects by common material, while speakers of languages with morphological plural marking (like English) display a tendency to match objects by common shape. The present paper compares categorisation preferences of English and Japanese speakers with those of Greek speakers. Greek resembles English in that it has morphological plural marking, but contrasts with English in that mass nouns typically do not resist pluralization. Results show that all groups distinguish significantly between countable objects and non-countable substances, but the degree to which they do this differs and conforms to language-specific grammatical patterns. It is argued that the effects of grammatical structure on categorisation preferences are finer-grained than earlier studies have assumed, thus providing a more precise account of the extent and nature of linguistic influence on cognition.

The Development of a Universal In Silico Predictor of Protein-Protein Interactions

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for understanding the function of biological systems and have been characterized using a vast array of experimental techniques. These techniques detect only a small proportion of all PPIs and are labor intensive and time consuming. Therefore, the development of computational methods capable of predicting PPIs accelerates the pace of discovery of new interactions. This paper reports a machine learning-based prediction model, the Universal In Silico Predictor of Protein-Protein Interactions (UNISPPI), which is a decision tree model that can reliably predict PPIs for all species (including proteins from parasite-host associations) using only 20 combinations of amino acids frequencies from interacting and non-interacting proteins as learning features. UNISPPI was able to correctly classify 79.4% and 72.6% of experimentally supported interactions and non-interacting protein pairs, respectively, from an independent test set. Moreover, UNISPPI suggests that the frequencies of the amino acids asparagine, cysteine and isoleucine are important features for distinguishing between interacting and non-interacting protein pairs. We envisage that UNISPPI can be a useful tool for prioritizing interactions for experimental validation. © 2013 Valente et al.