Extreme wet conditions coincident with Bronze Age abandonment of upland areas in Britain

Abandonment of farming systems on upland areas in southwest Britain during the Late Bronze Age – some 3000 years ago – is widely considered a ‘classic’ demonstration of the impact of deteriorating climate on the vulnerability of populations in such marginal environments. Here we test the hypothesis
that climate change drove the abandonment of upland areas by developing new chronologies for humanactivity on upland areas during the Bronze Age across southwest Britain (Dartmoor, Exmoor and Bodmin Moor). We find Bronze Age activity in these areas spanned 3900–2950 calendar years ago with abandonment by 2900 calendar years ago. Holocene Irish bog and lake oak tree populations provide evidence of major shifts in hydroclimate across western Britain and Ireland, coincident with ice rafted debris layers recognized in North Atlantic marine sediments, indicating significant changes in the latitude and intensity of zonal atmospheric circulation across the region. We observe abandonment of
upland areas in southwest Britain coinciding with a sustained period of extreme wet conditions that commenced 3100 calendar years ago. Our results are consistent with the view that climate change increased the vulnerability of these early farming communities and led to a less intensive use of such marginal environments across Britain.

Chris Critelli

Chris Critelli is going into her 23rd season as the Women's Basketball Head Coach.

Appointment of John Turney to be an ensign in the 4th Regiment of Lincoln Militia in the Niagara District

Appointment of John Turney to be an ensign in the 4th Regiment of Lincoln Militia in the Niagara District of which, Robert Nelles is the Lieutenant Colonel. This was signed by Francis Gore, Lieutenant Governor, Oct. 31, 1815.

Daniel Weinstock interviews Lisa Eckenwiler and Chris Macdonald -- music by General International

Daniel Weinstock, director of CRÉUM, interviews two professors that were invited to pursue their work at CRÉUM during the summer of 2008. His invitees are Lisa Eckenwiler, Associate Professor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy and in the Department of Health Administration and Policy at George Mason University; and Chris Macdonald, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax. You will also hear General International, an experimental/avant-garde music band that was formed only a few months ago.

Synergistic angular and spectral estimation of aerosol properties using CHRIS/PROBA-1 and simulated Sentinel-3~data

A method has been developed to estimate Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Fine Mode Fraction (FMF) and Single Scattering Albedo (SSA) over land surfaces using simulated Sentinel-3 data. The method uses inversion of a coupled surface/atmosphere radiative transfer model, and includes a general physical model of angular surface reflectance. An iterative process is used to determine the optimum value of the aerosol properties providing the best fit of the corrected reflectance values for a number of view angles and wavelengths with those provided by the physical model. A method of estimating AOD using only angular retrieval has previously been demonstrated on data from the ENVISAT and PROBA-1 satellite instruments, and is extended here to the synergistic spectral and angular sampling of Sentinel-3 and the additional aerosol properties. The method is tested using hyperspectral, multi-angle Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) images. The values obtained from these CHRIS observations are validated using ground based sun-photometer measurements. Results from 22 image sets using the synergistic retrieval and improved aerosol models show an RMSE of 0.06 in AOD, reduced to 0.03 over vegetated targets.

Improvements in Aerosol Optical Depth Estimation Using Multiangle CHRIS/PROBA Images

A method has been developed to estimate aerosol optical depth (AOD) over land surfaces using high spatial resolution, hyperspectral, and multiangle Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS)/Project for On Board Autonomy (PROBA) images. The CHRIS instrument is mounted aboard the PROBA satellite and provides up to 62 bands. The PROBA satellite allows pointing to obtain imagery from five different view angles within a short time interval. The method uses inversion of a coupled surface/atmosphere radiative transfer model and includes a general physical model of angular surface reflectance. An iterative process is used to determine the optimum value providing the best fit of the corrected reflectance values for a number of view angles and wavelengths with those provided by the physical model. This method has previously been demonstrated on data from the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer and is extended here to the spectral and angular sampling of CHRIS/PROBA. The values obtained from these observations are validated using ground-based sun-photometer measurements. Results from 22 image sets show an rms error of 0.11 in AOD at 550 nm, which is reduced to 0.06 after an automatic screening procedure.

Synergistic angular and spectral estimation of aerosol properties using CHRIS/PROBA-1 and simulated Sentinel-3 data

We develop a method to derive aerosol properties over land surfaces using combined spectral and angular information, such as available from ESA Sentinel-3 mission, to be launched in 2015. A method of estimating aerosol optical depth (AOD) using only angular retrieval has previously been demonstrated on data from the ENVISAT and PROBA-1 satellite instruments, and is extended here to the synergistic spectral and angular sampling of Sentinel-3. The method aims to improve the estimation of AOD, and to explore the estimation of fine mode fraction (FMF) and single scattering albedo (SSA) over land surfaces by inversion of a coupled surface/atmosphere radiative transfer model. The surface model includes a general physical model of angular and spectral surface reflectance. An iterative process is used to determine the optimum value of the aerosol properties providing the best fit of the corrected reflectance values to the physical model. The method is tested using hyperspectral, multi-angle Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) images. The values obtained from these CHRIS observations are validated using ground-based sun photometer measurements. Results from 22 image sets using the synergistic retrieval and improved aerosol models show an RMSE of 0.06 in AOD, reduced to 0.03 over vegetated targets.

Perfil de maturidade de dirigentes de empresas de Porto Alegre : estudo baseado no modelo de Chris Argyris

O estudo sobre maturidade gerencial desenvolveu-se com base no modelo de Chris Argyris e foi enriquecido com reflexões, proposições e indagações de outros autores que, direta ou indiretamente, estudaram o comportamento de dirigentes em organizações de aprendizagem e de empresas excelentes. O estudo foi realizado a partir das manifestações de dirigentes de empresas de pequeno, médio e grande porte, localizadas no Município de Porto Alegre. Das sete dimensões estudadas - desdobradas em atitudes e habilidades - verificou-se que os dirigentes consideram muito importantes, a iniciativa e a perspectivas de ação; importantes, em ordem decrescente de percentual de respostas, autonomia e autocontrole; seguidas, em igualdade de condições, pela flexibilidade e auto-estima, e finalmente pela dimensão interesse. Foram constatadas diferenças significativas de respostas apresentadas pelos dirigentes do sexo feminino em relação às respostas fornecidas pelos do sexo masculino, assim como das respostas fornecidas por dirigentes que há mais tempo estão na empresa ou no exercício da função em relação aos que têm menos tempo de exercício profissional. Também foram constatados resultados surpreendentes que confirmam a interferência de aspectos culturais e educacionais nas respostas dadas. As variáveis idade, tempo na organização e no exercício da função na empresa demonstraram também sua interferência. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram igualmente divisar caminhos, onde existem elos importantes, sendo o principal o de considerar o homem como agente de sua história e de sua empresa, na medida em que ele se conhecer mais e intencionalmente realizar vivências que o levem a um desenvolvimento pessoal – alcançar sua maturidade na empresa. São feitas reflexões que requerem alternativas diferenciadas de intervenção para as Universidades e Escolas Técnicas, para as áreas de consultoria e de Recursos Humanos das Empresas. Também se confirmou a necessidade de serem realizados novos estudos para aprofundar a temática, tanto em nível empresarial, quanto acadêmico.

Omtvedt Innovation Awards Presented to Chris Calkins, Steven Jones, Rodger Johnson, and Sheila Scheideler

It's a great pleasure to welcome you to this very first recognition ceremony for the Omtvedt Innovation Awards. We are present here to honor innovation strengths of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and certainly the four faculty members receiving today's awards are greatly deserving of this recognition. Just hearing about their work is gratifying!