Composição corporal, taxa metabólica basal e pico de consumo de oxigênio após um treinamento físico misto em meninos adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade

A obesidade entre adolescentes vem aumentando sendo considerada um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a composição corporal, a taxa metabólica basal (TMB), o pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO2pico) e a força muscular de adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade de um grupo submetido a 16 semanas de treinamento físico misto em circuito com um grupo controle. Participaram 28 meninos púberes e pós-púberes, sendo 18 do grupo experimental (EXP) (13,4 anos de idade) e 10 do grupo controle (CON) (13,8 anos de idade). A massa corporal magra (MCM) e de gordura corporal (GC) foram obtidas por meio da Absortometria Radiológica de Dupla-Energia (DEXA); a TMB, por meio de calorimetria indireta (MGC-CPX/D); o VO2pico, mediante teste em cicloergômetro (McMaster); e as forças de flexão de cotovelo (FCo) e extensão de joelho (EJ), mediante teste de 1RM. O treinamento foi realizado três vezes por semana, durante uma hora e foi composto por nove exercícios contra-resistência, intercalados com 3 a 5 minutos de exercícios aeróbios. Foram utilizados a ANOVA de medidas repetidas e o teste T pareado e independente para comparações intra e intergrupos, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças significativas nas variáveis IMC, GC (kg), TMB e VO2pico relativo à MCM entre os grupos nos pré e pós-testes. Houve aumento significativo e igual entre os grupos nas variáveis estatura (EXP pré 166,8±8,67 cm e pós 168,7±8,31 cm; CON pré 164,0±8,39 cm e pós 165,8±8,91 cm) e MCM (EXP pré 46,0±10,5 kg e pós 48,8±10,5 kg; CON pré 44,8±8,99 kg e pós 46,9±9,55 kg) após o período do estudo. O grupo CON apresentou aumento significativo na MC (EXP pré 78,6±10,1 kg e pós 79,8±11,4 kg; CON pré 74,7±9,04 kg e pós 76,8±9,45 kg). O grupo EXP apresentou diminuição significativa no %GC (EXP pré 38,7±8,91% e pós 36,4±8,54%; CON pré 37,3±8,24% e pós 36,0±9,15%) e aumentos significativos no VO2pico absoluto (EXP pré 2,25±0,48 l/min e pós 2,52±0,47 l/min; CON pré 2,33±0,54 l/min e pós 2,44±0,53 l/min) e VO2pico relativo à MC (EXP pré 28,6±4,57 ml/kg/min e pós 31,4±4,06 ml/kg/min; CON pré 31,0±5,09 ml/kg/min e pós 31,9±5,27 ml/kg/min). O grupo EXP apresentou aumentos maiores de força muscular do que os do grupo CON tanto em FCo (EXP pré 13,3±4,84 kg e pós 19,6±4,89 kg; CON pré 13,8±5,60 kg e pós 15,1±5,48 kg) quanto em EJ (EXP pré 31,2±9,19 kg e pós 43,9±10,8 kg; CON pré 26,7±4,62 kg e pós 29,8±5,48 kg). O treinamento físico misto em circuito em adolescentes obesos não aumentou a TMB, mas demonstrou benefícios na composição corporal, no pico de consumo de oxigênio e na força muscular comparado a um grupo controle.

Efeito do treinamento físico e da dieta hipercalórica sobre a reatividade do músculo liso de artérias aorta e mesentérica de ratos Wistar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos efeitos do treinamento do exercício físico aeróbico de curta duração em pacientes hospitalizados com DPOC exacerbado

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Efeitos da suplementação de taurina ou flavonóides de cacau associado à achocolatado sobre a composição corporal, metabolismo de carboidratos e proteinas, desempenho fisico, dano muscular e estresse oxidativo em atletas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da suplementação de taurina ou flavonóides de cacau associado à achocolatado sobre a composição corporal, metabolismo de carboidratos e proteinas, desempenho fisico, dano muscular e estresse oxidativo em atletas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Metformina interage com o treinamento físico diminuindo a glicemia e aumentando o armazenamento de glicogênio em ratos diabéticos

INTRODUCTION: Like in humans, lower amounts of glycogen are present in tissues of diabetic rats. However, training or drugs that lower glycemia can improve the metabolic control. Metformin increased glycogen while decreased glycemia in normal rats stressed by exercise. OBJECTIVE: In this work we investigated if regular exercise and metformin effects improve the metabolism of diabetic rats. METHODS: Alloxan diabetic Wistar rats treated with metformin (DTM) or not (DT) were trained. Training consisted of 20 sessions of 30 min, 5 days a week. Sedentary diabetic rats served as control (SD and SDM). Metformin (5.6 µg/g) was given in the drinking water. After 48 h resting, glucose (mg/dl) and insulin (ng/mL) was measured in plasma and glycogen (mg/100 mg of wet tissue) in liver, soleus and gastrocnemius. RESULTS: Glycemia decreased in DM group from 435±15 to 230±20, in DT group to 143±8.1 and in DTM group to 138±19 mg/dl. DM group had proportional increase in the hepatic glycogen from 1.69±0.22 to 3.53±0.24, and the training increased to 3.36 ± 0.16 mg/100 mg. Metformin induced the same proportional increase in the muscles (soleus from 0.21±0.008 to 0.42±0.03 and gastrocnemius from 0.33±0.02 to 0.46±0.03), while the training promoted increase on gastrocnemius to 0,53 ± 0,03, only. A high interaction was observed in liver (glycogen increased to 6.48±0.34). CONCLUSION: Very small oral doses of metformin and/or, partially restored glycemia in diabetic rats and decreased glycogen in tissues. Its association with an exercise program was beneficial, helping lower glycemia further and increase glycogen stores on liver of diabetic rats.

Estudo dos efeitos de temporada de treinamento físico sobre a Performance de uma equipe de handebol feminino sub-21

Handball is a sport that demands endurance associated with fast and powerful actions such as jumps, blocks, sprints and throws. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 38-week systematic physical training applied to a women's under 21 handball team on upper and lower limb power, 30m sprints speed and endurance. The periodization applied was an adaptation of the Verkhoshansky theory, and aimed at two performance peaks during the season with six data collections. The median and range values for three kg medicine ball throwing was: 2.98m (2.15-3.50); 2.84m (2.43-3.20); 2.90m (2.60-3.38); 3.10 (2.83-3.81); 2.84 (2.55-3.57) and 3.34 (2.93-3.83). Regarding the three-pass running test: 5.60m (4.93-6.58); 5.37m (5.04-6.38); 5.36m (4.93-6.12); 5.65m (4.80-6.78); 5.63m (5.00-6.40) and 5.83m (5.14-6.05). Regarding the 30-m sprint test: 5.8m/s (5.45-6.44); 6,64 m/s (6,24-7,09); 5.65m/s (5.17-5.95); (there was not IV moment for this test); 6.19 m/s (5.57-6.26) and 5.83 (5.14-6.05).Regarding the 30-m sprint endurance test until 10% decrease: 4 sprints (4-6); 5 sprints (4-9); 4,5 sprints (4-16); (there was not IV moment for this test); 6 sprints (4-12) and 5 sprints (4-5). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in three kg medicine ball throwing and three-pass running tests at least in one of the performance peak planned, with no significant differences in 30-m sprint speed or endurance tests. The applied physical training was efficient at improving the specific physical fitness in the performance peaks, as well as giving support for better physical training adjustment for the upcoming season.

Respostas cardiopulmonares agudas de mulheres no treinamento de força

OBJETIVE: Investigate the cardiopulmonary responses of one strength training session in young women. METHOD: Twenty-three women aged between 18 and 29 years participated in this study. All the volunteers were submitted to the following tests: cardiopulmonary and one-repetition maximum (1-RM). The strength training protocol had emphasis on muscular hypertrophy, three sets from eight to twelve repetitions under 70% of 1-RM, with a one minute thirty-second break between sets. During the training session, the cardiopulmonary variables were measured with a metabolic gas analyzer and a telemetry module. RESULTS: The results of the oxygen consumption in the training session were from 8.43 + 1.76 ml/kg/min and of the heart rate of 108.08 + 15.26 bpm. The results of the oxygen consumption and of the heart rate in the training were lower (p < 0.01) than in the ventilatory threshold and of the oxygen consumption and the heart rate reserves. CONCLUSION: The obtained data show that the present protocol of strength training provided low overload to the cardiopulmonary system of young women.

Efeito de 13 semanas de treinamento físico militar sobre a composição corporal e o desempenho físico dos alunos da escola preparatória de cadetes do exército

INTRODUCTION: Armies from all over the world acknowledge the importance of good physical fitness for the performance of military duties. The Military Exercise Training (MET) attempts to provide assistance to this search for better physical fitness and performance. OBJECTIVE: To verifying the effect on the body composition and physical performance of the students at ESPCEX (Military School for Preparation of Army Cadets) after 13 weeks of MET. METHODS: The sample was formed by 287 male students from the ESPCEX, whose average age was 18.33 ±1.26. Such students accomplished a boarding school routine, having defined schedules, meals and activities from which they were only released during the weekends. The MET was accomplished five days a week and it comprised both aerobic and resistance training. Measurement of body mass, height, skinfold (triceps, abdominal and suprailiac) was accomplished during pre and post training periods, and the following tests were performed: 12-minutes-run, oblique sit up, arm push up and pull up. Fat percentage, fat-free body mass and fat body mass were calculated using the anthropometric data based on the Guedes 3 skinfold protocol. RESULTS: Significant reduction in fat body mass, fat percentage and in triceptal and abdominal skinfold, as well as increase in suprailiac skinfold and fat-free body mass was observed when anthropometric and body composition data were compared, during the initial and the final periods of training. Significant improvement also occurred in all prformed physical tests, in which better performance was achieved. CONCLUSION: The acquired data suggest that performance of MET 5 days a week brought significantly improved body composition as well as physical performance

Treinamento concorrente : efeito sobre marcadores inflamatórios sistêmicos e indicadores funcionais em homens de meia idade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Centros de treinamento de ginástica rítmica no Brasil : estrutura e programas

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Crescimento fisico em crianças e adolescentes de moderada altitude

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Cinética de remoção de lactato na definição de pausas para treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Efeitos de diferentes protocolos de treinamento físico sobre o controle autonômico e cardiorrespiratório em homens de meia-idade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Treinamento físico e fatores de risco cardiovascular em homens de meia-idade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física