Avaliação do processo de produção de etanol pela fermentação do caldo de mandiocaba (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Foram realizadas determinações físico-químicas na raiz de mandiocaba, sendo estas: umidade, fibras, proteínas, cinzas, lipídios totais, açúcares redutores e totais; o caldo foi caracterizado através das análises de pH, sólidos solúveis totais, glicose e acidez titulável. Após o conhecimento dos constituintes físico-químicos da matéria-prima, o caldo de mandioca doce foi extraído e fermentado utilizando a levedura Saccharomycescerevisiae PE-2. Foram realizados 15 ensaios que seguiam as condições determinadas através do planejamento experimental de Box-Behnken, com 3 variáveis independentes: temperatura (ºC) (X1), pH (X2), e concentração de inóculo (g/L) (X3); os limites dos níveis de trabalho foram determinados através de dados encontrados na literatura; a análise estatística foi realizada com p>0,05. Através da análise de variância foi proposto um modelo polinomial de segunda ordem para a resposta teor alcoólico (ºGl), e com a utilização da metodologia de superfície de resposta à condição ótima para o desenvolvimento do processo fermentativo do caldo de mandioca doce sem adição de nutrientes e em sua concentração de substrato original (6,46 g/L), a: temperatura de 28ºC, pH de 4,88, e concentração de inóculo de 10 g/L. Nestas condições foi realizado um ensaio, cujo objetivo foi o de levantar as curvas de crescimento celular (levedura), produção de CO₂, consumo de açúcares redutores e produção de etanol, para melhor compreensão do processo de fermentação do caldo de mandioca doce. Através da curva de crescimento celular foi determinada a duração da fase exponencial, utilizando o método de regressão linear; neste estudo esta etapa ocorreu em diferentes intervalos de tempo. O valor de µm encontrado foi de 0,05 h^-1.

Avaliação físico-química e sensorial de fermentado de acerola

Fruit processing for beverage production purposes is a way of adding value to the raw material and of raising the farmer s income by increasing the demand. Thus the objective of this work was the production of fermented West Indian cherry beverages and their physicochemical and sensory evaluation. The beverages were produced based on the Brazilian legislation for fermented fruit beverages and wine. The fermented beverages were produced from West Indian cherry pulp (pulper) and juice (press) and sweetened with sugar to obtain three types of beverage: dry, semidry and sweet. The beverages were submitted to the following physicochemical analyses: pH, alcohol, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars, total acidity, volatile acidity, fixed acidity, dry extract, reduced dry extract, alcohol to reduced dry extract ratio, free sulphur dioxide, total sulphur dioxide and turbidity. In the sensory analysis, the beverages were assessed using a 9-point hedonic scale, evaluating the attributes of appearance, odour, flavour and overall assessment. The chemical and sensory results were submitted to an analysis of variance and the means compared using Tukey s test (5%). Both the raw materials (pulp and juice) and the different sugar concentrations (dry, semidry and sweet) interfered in the sensory and physicochemical parameters of the fermented West Indian cherry beverages, the tasters showing preference for the sweetened beverages.

Caracterização físico-química de cervejas elaboradas com mel

The aim of this study was to produce and physicochemically characterize beer elaborated with honey. Beer production assays were carried out with nine treatments, the combination of three concentrations of the original extract (11, 13 and 15 ºBrix) with three percentages of honey in the wort formulation (0, 20 and 40%). The experiment was completely randomized with two replicates, giving a total of eighteen trials. Mashing was carried out by infusion and the honey was added during the boiling step. After clarification, the extract content was corrected with water and the wort then inoculated with bottom-fermenting yeast. Fermentation was at 10 ºC. The beer was bottled manually and stored in a freezer at a temperature of 0 ºC for 15 days, for maturation. The beers were analyzed for their alcohol content, true extract, apparent extract, colour, bitterness, turbidity, pH, total acidity, carbon dioxide, foam density and total foam. The results of the physicochemical analysis were subjected to an analysis of variance, and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. All beers were considered to be pale. The presence of honey in the formulation enhanced carbonation, foam density and total foam, but the beers were less bitter and less acid.

Própolis na produção de cachaça orgânica de qualidade

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Produção de etanol utilizando mix de sorgo sacarino e cana-de-açúcar em processo de maturação

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Produção de cerveja, utilizando méis de diferentes origens botânicas como adjuntos

This study aimed to produce beer, using different botanical origins of honeys (orange, eucalyptus and wild), as malt adjuncts, and their Physical-chemical and sensorial characterizations. The production was made with malt, water, hops and honey. All musts were adjusted to 12 Brix, and the concentration of honey in the formulation was 45% (based on the extract), except for the control (0%). The physical and chemical analysis were performed on malt (extract content), honey (pH, free acidity, lactonic acidity, total acidity, color, turbidity, extract content, moisture content, reducing sugar, total reducing sugar and sucrose) in wort (content extract, pH, color, turbidity, fermentability ,bitterness and total acidity) and beer apparent extract, apparent fermentability, real extract, real fermentability, alcohol content, pH, total acidity, total foam, foam density , bitterness, carbon dioxide, color and turbidity). Sensory analysis was performed by nine-points hedonic scale testing. The attributes evaluated were appearance, aroma, flavor and overall. The results were submitted to ANOVA and means compared by Tukey testing at a 5% of probability. Beer with honey as adjuncts’ had high fermentability and low content of fat, compared to the pure malt beer. The addition of honey as an adjunct did not affect the majority of the physical-chemical parameters, except for turbidity, whereas beer with honey showed the highest value for this feature, in addition, it has also presented their biterness differences the values for beer with honey were lower. The different types of honeys did not affect the acceptability of beer, however, the beer with honey showed greater acceptance between beer with malt and honey

Vinhos tintos do Noroeste Paulista: relação entre os perfis físico-químico e sensorial.

Brazilian red wines are very appreciated by consumers from tropical regions, because they typically have aromatic and fruity taste. Thus, the aim of this article is to verify the quality of red wines from wineries located in Northwest region of São Paulo, based on the relationship between physicochemical properties and sensory attributes. Three red wines from this region was evaluated by sensory and analytical methods and it was possible to observe significant differences in the fixed acidity, alcoholic content, total phenolic content and total dry extract. Multidimensional Scaling showed relationship between total phenolic content and astringency, total dry extract and body and the relationship of volatile acidity in the assessment of odor samples. It was possible to see the physicochemical influence in sensory evaluation, indicating the importance of the chemical profile in the elucidation of possible sensory alterations in red wines.

Influência do desponte de panículas de sorgo sacarino sobre a qualidade da matéria-prima e produção de bioetanol

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Seleção, avaliação e utilização de uma levedura personalizada para a produção de etanol

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

Sistemas de screening para detecção de furfural e hidroximetilfurfural e amostras de cachaça por espectroscopia de reflectância difusa

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Obtenção de vinagre a partir de mandioca e gengibre

Vinegar is a food product that has a great market potential and beneficial health properties. Each type of vinegar has its taste, since the transformation of alcoholic into acetic acid preserves the raw materials fragrancesand other organic acids can be formed. This study produced and characterized vinegars from ginger and cassava starch. The raw materials were first hydrolyzed by an enzymatic process, thenthey suffered an alcoholic fermentation,and finally an acetic fermentation by the Orleans process. The ash quantity, total acidity in acetic acid, dry extract, and alcohol content of the final product were analyzed based on the current vinegars legislation.The results showed that it is possible to obtain vinegars with good quality from ginger and cassava starch.

Vinhos de mesa varietais de uvas americanas: análises químicas e energética

The Brazilian wine industry has a remarkable characteristic that distinguishes from other markets, while the foreign market only accepts products originating from European varieties (Vitis vinifera), in Brazil, products originating from American varieties (Vitis labrusca and Vitis bourquina) and hybrids are also accepted. Dry and sweet varietal wines from varieties Bordô (dry and sweet), Isabel (sweet) e Máximo (dry) were analyzed, by the following chemical standard analyses: alcohol content; density; total and reduced dry matter; alcohol/reduced dry extract ratio; reducing sugars; total, volatile and fixed acidity; pH; total and free sulfur dioxide; and energy value. All analyzed wines presented results within the parameters set forth by Brazilian law, a positive fact, once they are commercialized. The varietal wine Máximo presented a low content of total and free sulfur dioxide, which may cause future problems with its sanity.

Tratamento de caldo e tipos de fermentos sobre os componentes secundários e qualidade da cachaça de alambique

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Qualidade da cachaça em função do tratamento do caldo e tipo de fermento

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Caracterização farmacognóstica da droga e do extrato fluído de perobinha do campo - Acosmium subelegans (Mohlemb) Yakovl.

Entre as plantas brasileiras empregadas como calmante, tranquilizante, e sedativo do sistema nervoso, destaca-se Acosmium subelegans (Mohlenb.) Yakovi., da família Leguminosae, que consta da Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1. edição, sob o nome de Swetia elegans. Apesar da importância desta planta, não existe ainda padronização de seus extratos nem as caracterizações com vistas a identificação e dosagem dos mesmos. Este último item torna-se muito importante, levando-se em consideração que muitas drogas alcaloides tem o seu teor em alcaloides alterado nas diferentes fases do desenvolvimento da planta. Foram caracterizados macro e microscopicamente a raiz, caule e folha da espécie Acosmium subelegans (Mohlenb.) Yakovi.. Os extratos fluidos foram caracterizados através de cromatografia, resíduo seco, cinzas, pH. densidade e teor alcoólico; foi estabelecido método de quantificação dos alcaloides e pesquisado o teor alcaloidico da planta florida e sem flor. Os alcaloides foram dosados considerando o resultado como sweetinima, principal alcaloide já isolado desta planta.