Xin xiao shuo.

Reprint issues have also separate vol. numbering.

Wen xue yan jiu fa /

Mode of access: Internet.

San shi liu zi quan shu.

At head of title: Da zi quan dian zhu shi.

Fen yun zi shi ti jie :

Blockprint.

Shi xue wen dao : [2 juan] /

Lithoprint.

Zoku bunwa.

Mode of access: Internet.

Meiji jūsanka shibun

Mode of access: Internet.

Essai sur la langue et la littérature chinoises, avec cinq planches, contenant des textes chinois, accompagnés de traductions, de remarques et d'un commentaire littéraire et grammatical. Suivi de notes et d'une table alphabétique des mots chinois.

Mode of access: Internet.

Reading Ng Kim Chew: Malaysian-Chineseness and memory in contemporary Malaysian Chinese literature in taiwan

The idea of Chineseness as a geographic, cultural-specific and ethnically-charged concept, and the pivotal role assumed by memory linger throughout the writings of most authors hailing from Chinese community in Southeast Asia. Among these communities, being the Malaysian Chinese the more prolific in terms of number of writers and pieces of literature produced, this paper deals specifically with it. Its focus is put on the literature produced by Malaysian Chinese authors residing in Taiwan, which topic constitutes an important part of the first chapter, and on one of its main representatives, Ng Kim Chew, to whom chapter two and three are fully dedicated. A literary analysis of one of his short stories, Huo yu tu, will allow the reader to have a first-hand experience, through excerpts from the original text, of the importance of Chineseness and memory in the literary production of Ng and of many authors sharing with him similar life and literary experiences. I started this research from the assumption that these authors make large use of their own memories and memories from their own community in their writing as a way to re-tie themselves to the Chineseness they left in their places of origin. However in the case of Ng Kim Chew, the analysis of his works led be to theorizing that the identity he is imbued with, if there is one, is not Chinese, nor Malaysian, but purely and distinctively Malaysian-Chinese. This paper can also serve as an introduction for the general public to the field of Sinophone literature from Southeast Asia and to promote wider and innovative paths of research within the realm of Chinese studies that go beyond China proper.

Rethinking the literature on the performance of Chinese multinational enterprises

We synthesize the literature on Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) and find that much of the prior research is based on as few as a dozen case studies of Chinese firms. They are so case-specific that it has led to a misplaced call for new theories to explain Chinese firms’ internationalization. In an attempt to better relate theory with empirical evidence, we examine the largest 500 Chinese manufacturing firms. We aim to find out the number of Chinese manufacturing firms to be true MNEs by definition, and to examine their financial performance relative to global peers using the financial benchmarking method. We develop our theoretical perspectives from new internalization theory. We find that there are only 49 Chinese manufacturing firms to be true MNEs, whereas the rest is purely domestic firms. Their performance is poor relative to global peers. Chinese MNEs have home country bound firm-specific advantages (FSAs), which are built upon home country-specific advantages (home CSAs). They have not yet developed advanced management capabilities through recombination with host CSAs. Essentially, they acquire foreign firms to increase their sales in domestic market, but they fail to be competitive internationally and to achieve superior performance in overseas operations. Our findings have important strategic implications for managers, public policy makers, and academic research.

The Middle kingdom. A survey of the geography, government, literature, social life, arts, and history of the Chinese empire and its inhabitants.

Caption in Chinese characters.

The Middle Kingdom : a survey of the geography, government, literature, social life, arts, and history of the Chinese empire and its inhabitants /

Mode of access: Internet.

Miscellaneous remarks upon the government, history, religions, literature, agriculture, arts, trades, manners, and customs of the Chinese: as suggested by an examination of the articles comprising the Chinese museum, in Marlboro' Chapel, Boston /

At top of t.p.: Extensive view of the central flowery nation.

An historical, geographical, and philosophical view of the Chinese empire; comprehending a description of the fifteen provinces of China, Chinese Tartary, tributary states; natural history of China; government, religion, laws, manners and customs, literature, arts, sciences, manufactures, &c.

Mode of access: Internet.